Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
The MOLEKUL is dedicated to fostering advancements in all branches of chemistry and its diverse sub-disciplines. It aims to publish high-quality research encompassing a wide range of topics, including but not limited to Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biological Activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry. By providing a platform for rigorous scientific inquiry and dissemination of knowledge, the journal strives to contribute to the understanding, innovation, and practical applications of chemistry in various fields. We encourage submissions that explore new methodologies, elucidate fundamental principles, address pressing challenges, and demonstrate the potential for real-world impact. Our journal welcomes original research articles, reviews, and perspectives from researchers, scholars, and professionals across the global scientific community, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and the advancement of chemical sciences. The scope of this journal encompasses a wide range of topics within the field of chemistry, with a particular focus on advancing knowledge and innovation in the following areas: 1. Theoretical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry: This includes theoretical studies, computational modeling, and experimental investigations related to chemical reactivity, molecular structures, spectroscopy, and the environmental fate and impact of chemicals. 2. Materials Synthesis for Energy and Environmental Applications: The journal welcomes research on the synthesis, characterization, and application of materials for energy storage, catalysis, solar energy conversion, pollution mitigation, and sustainable environmental technologies. 3. Isolation, Purification, and Modification of Biomolecules: Manuscripts addressing the isolation, purification, and modification of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, along with their applications in areas such as biotechnology, drug discovery, and diagnostics, are of particular interest. 4. Fabrication, Development, and Validation of Analytical Methods: The journal encourages submissions focusing on the development and optimization of analytical techniques, including chromatography, spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and mass spectrometry. Topics may include method validation, sample preparation, quality control, and applications in diverse fields.
Articles
218 Documents
<![CDATA[Atomistic Simulation of La and Mn-Doped PbBi2Nb2O9 Aurivillius Phase ]]>
<![CDATA[Akram La Kilo]]>;
<![CDATA[Ramona Nintias R. Abas]]>;
<![CDATA[Alberto Costanzo]]>;
<![CDATA[Daniele Mazza]]>;
<![CDATA[Deasy N Botutihe]]>;
<![CDATA[Jafar La Kilo]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 2 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.6346
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the effect of Mn3+ and La3+ dopants on the structure of PbBi2Nb2O9 (PBN) using atomistic simulation. PBN phase geometry was optimized before the Mn3+ and La3+-doped phase. Mn3+ partially substituted octahedral Nb5+ in the perovskite layer. While La3+partially substituted Bi3+ in the bismuth layer and dodecahedral Pb2+in the perovskite layer. The concentration (x) of dopants that doped PBN was made in such a way that it produces a phase of Pb1-2xBi1.5 + 2xLa0.5Nb2-xMnxO9 (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.3) which was not charged. The simulation results showed that the optimized PBN cell parameters were in a good agreement with the experimental result. Increasing the concentration of dopants result in the Pb1-2xBi1.5+ 2xLa0.5Nb2-xMnxO9 phase (PBNM-Bi and PBNM-A) being less stable, as indicated by the increased lattice energy. PBNLM-Bi structures experiences an elongation which was showed by the cell parameters of c increase while a and b decrease. La3+prefers to occupy bismuth oxide layer rather than the dodecahedral A-site of the perovskite layer. The results of this simulation can explain the PBLNM structure of experimental results that do not pay attention to the multiplicity of doped PBN with certain dopant concentrations.]]>
<![CDATA[Chiral Separation of Econazole by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method using Cyclodextrin as Chiral Column ]]>
<![CDATA[Dadan Hermawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Cacu Cacu]]>;
<![CDATA[Khansa Salsabila]]>;
<![CDATA[Suwandri Suwandri]]>;
<![CDATA[Amin Fatoni]]>;
<![CDATA[Uyi Sulaeman]]>;
<![CDATA[Ponco Iswanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Mudasir Mudasir]]>;
<![CDATA[Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 2 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.6348
<![CDATA[The chiral separation of econazole, an antifungal drug with one chiral center has been successfully carried out using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Enantioresolution of econazole (Rs = 2.29) was achieved using cyclodextrin-based chiral column (Astec Cyclobond, 25 cm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm), mobile phase composition of acetonitrile : water (0.2% HCOOH) (20:80, v/v), and UV detection of 220 nm.The optimized HPLC method has been applied for the quantitative determination of econazole in the pharmaceutical (liquid) sample withpercentage recovery of 100.75 % (RSD = 0,95%; n = 3). The effect of several HPLC parameters on the chiral separation of econazole was also evaluated and the method was successfully validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The present HPLC method was simple, short analysis time, and high resolution.]]>
<![CDATA[Co-Precipitation Synthesis of Clay-Magnetite Nanocomposite for Adsorptive Removal of Synthetic Dye in Wastewater of Benang Bintik Batik ]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 2 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.6358
<![CDATA[Clay is a natural material that has been widely applied as a low-cost adsorbent for removing various contaminants from wastewater. To improve its characteristics and activity, natural clay from Central Kalimantan was activated by acid and calcination treatments, then synthesized with magnetite (Fe3O4) in nanocomposite by co-precipitation method. The obtained nanocomposite was further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, vibrating sample magnetometry, and transmission electron microscopy methods. The results showed that co-precipitation method has been successfully produced clay-magnetite nanocomposite from activated clay with specific surface area, saturation magnetization, and particle size were 37.458 m2/g, 24.910 emu/g, and 50 nm, respectively. The obtained natural clay, activated clay, and clay-magnetite nanocomposite were then evaluated for adsorptive removal of naphthol blue black (NBB) synthetic dye from wastewater generated by an industry of Benang Bintik batik in Central Kalimantan using a batch system. The results showed that optimum pH for adsorptive removal process from these adsorbents were 2, while the optimum contact times of natural clay, activated clay, and clay-magnetite nanocomposite were 90, 60, and 60 minutes, respectively. The clay-magnetite nanocomposite also showed a much better removal efficiency (99.58%) than activated clay (86.28%) and natural clay (68.27%). The utilization of clay-magnetite nanocomposite as adsorbent not only can increase its removal efficiency against NBB dye, but also can facilitate the separation of the adsorbent solid phase from wastewater using an external magnetic field after the adsorptive removal process.]]>
<![CDATA[Application of Box-Behnken Design for the Extraction of Padina australis ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Nursid]]>;
<![CDATA[Anissa Permatasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Utami Dyah Syafitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Irmanida Batubara]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 2 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.6359
<![CDATA[Optimization extraction of the brown algae Padina australis using the Box-Behnken design has been carried out. Box-Behnken design in relation to Response Surface Methodology analysis was conducted with four experimental factors (i.e., solvent concentration, temperature, extraction time, and sample to solvents ratio) towards the responses of yield antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anti-glycation, total phenolic content, and fucoxanthin content, completing with 29 running experiments. P. australis extraction's optimum condition was acquired at 79.99% solvent concentration, 18.48 hours extraction time, 44.50ºC temperature, and 1:9 ratio powders and solvents. The optimum condition provided a 7.30% extraction yield, 43.94% antioxidant activity, 86.83% anti-tyrosinase, 98.06% anti-glycation, 9.53 mg GAE/g total phenolic content, and 347.55 µg/g fucoxanthin content. Respond Surface Methodology analysis with the Box-Behnken design succeeded in making the appropriate model for producing the optimum P. australis extract.]]>
<![CDATA[An Insight of Cryptocarya Secondary Metabolites as Anticancer P388: Study of Molecular Docking and ADMET Properties ]]>
<![CDATA[Herlina Rasyid]]>;
<![CDATA[Riska Mardiyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ihsanul Arief]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyu Dita Saputri]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6364
<![CDATA[Secondary metabolites isolated from Cryptocarya was known to have various activity especially their cytotoxicity in P388 cell. There were two species of Cryptocarya studied in this research that were Cryptocarya konishii and Cryptocarya lucida. In both species, 8 isolate compounds had bioactivity as anticancer in P388 cells. This study aimed to know the binding affinity and ADMET properties of each isolated compound through P-glycoprotein substrate since this protein was reported to be responsible for the inhibition of P388 cells. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools software to know the binding energy and interaction of isolate compounds against the P-glycoprotein substrate. ADMET properties calculation was done using the pkCSM web server for all compounds. Molecular docking results showed that Kurzichalcolactone B (7) isolated from C. lucida had the lowest binding energy. It resulted in the highest total intermolecular energy from the contribution of van der Waals and hydrogen bond energy. The lowest binding energy is indicating the stable interaction of ligand and substrate. Calculation of ADMET properties resulted that some of the isolate compounds fulfilling the minimum standard parameters in ADMET properties.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Addition Elephant Grass Cellulose and CaCO3 Oyster Shell Waste as Bioplastic Composites ]]>
<![CDATA[M Prayogie Aulia]]>;
<![CDATA[Reza Rizki]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Aprilia]]>;
<![CDATA[Farid Mulana]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 2 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.6410
<![CDATA[The effect of adding cellulose and CaCO3 as a bioplastic filler was studied. The source of cellulose is obtained from elephant grass plants, while CaCO3 is obtained from oyster shell waste. The primary raw material for bioplastics is tapioca starch with glycerol as a plasticizer using the solution casting method. The resulting bioplastics are thin and transparent but not very elastic, with a thickness is 1 mm. The mechanical properties test of bioplastics obtained tensile strength between 1-3 MPa and elongation between 1-4.4%. Physical properties test results obtained density between 0.313-0.33 g/mL and water absorption between 31.94-81.16%. The morphological test showed that the bioplastic surface was getting more uneven with more CaCO3 filler. The use of cellulose fillers without the combination obtained better results than cellulose and CaCO3 fillers.]]>
<![CDATA[Sesquiterpenoids from Stem Bark of Chisocheton lasiocarpus and Their Cytotoxic Activity against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell ]]>
<![CDATA[Unang Supratman]]>;
<![CDATA[Samuel San Parulian]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurlelasari Nurlelasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Al Arofatus Naini]]>;
<![CDATA[Tri Mayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Erina Hilmayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Desi Harneti]]>;
<![CDATA[Darwati Darwati]]>;
<![CDATA[Rani Maharani]]>;
<![CDATA[Kindi Farabi]]>;
<![CDATA[Risyandi Anwar]]>;
<![CDATA[Sofa Fajriah]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhamad Nurul Azmi]]>;
<![CDATA[Yoshihito Shiono]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 3 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6425
<![CDATA[Sesquiterpenoids are derivatives of terpenoid compound that have a diverse skeleton and broad spectrum of biological activities, particularly anticancer activity. This research reported the isolation and elucidation structure of sesquiterpenoid from Chisocheton lasiocarpus stem bark, as well as their cytotoxic activity. Four sesquiterpenoid compounds, namely eudesm-4(15)-ene-1β,6β-diol (1), allo-aromadendrane-10α,14-diol (2), allo-aromadendrane-10β,14-diol (3) and guaianediol (4), were isolated for the first time from Chisocheton lasiocarpus stem bark. The chemical structure of all compounds was identified by spectroscopic analysis, including IR, MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and DEPT, and compared with previous reported spectral data. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds against MCF-7 breast cancer line were examined by using the resazurin method. The results showed compound 1 shown the highest cytotoxic activity with IC50 108.08 ± 0.58 µM.]]>
<![CDATA[Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity Test of Geothermal Silica/AgNO3 Thin Film ]]>
<![CDATA[Astuti, Yayuk]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahayu, R.A. Yunita Suci]]>;
<![CDATA[Arnelli, Arnelli]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 2 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.2.6431
<![CDATA[Geothermal silica waste offers convenient, economical, and environmentally friendly material with high hydrophobicity to produce thin films. Silica-thin films from geothermal waste using the sol-gel method, though, no addition of AgNO3 was conducted for antibacterial functions. This study aims to produce silica-thin films from geothermal waste with the addition of AgNO3 and analyze the antibacterial activity. The procedures carried out in this research were (i) an acid leaching process using HNO3; (ii) the production of silica thin film with and without the addition of AgNO3; (iii) thin film characterization including a water contact angle measurement (WCA), XRF, FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDX on silica thin film samples with and without the addition of AgNO3; and (iv) antibacterial activity test. The results show the optimum HNO3 concentration for the acid leaching process was 20%, yielding 99.08% SiO2 by mass. The WCA of the silica thin film in the presence and absence of AgNO3 reached a value of ±160°, indicating the addition of AgNO3 did not decrease the contact angle of the silica thin film. This research employed smart deconvolution of IR Spectra using Fityk software which reveals a higher area ratio for Si-O-Si relative to Si-OH. Furthermore, it was observed that the silica thin films exhibited an amorphous morphology, both without and with the addition of AgNO3, with Ag discovered to be dispersed on the thin film. However, despite the presence of Ag, both TF20 and TF20+Ag samples were found to be ineffective in inhibiting bacterial growth, as evidenced by bacteria-free zones on the samples.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of LiTFSI Electrolyte Salt Composition on Characteristics of PVDF-PEO-LiTFSI-Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) for Lithium-Ion Battery ]]>
<![CDATA[Hasim Muzadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nayla Zahra Kamalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Titik Lestariningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Yayuk Astuti]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6446
<![CDATA[A lithium-ion battery with PVDF-PEO synthetic polymer sheet added by LiTFSI electrolyte salt has been made by assembling method. This study aims to determine the effect of LiTFSI salt concentration on the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The composition of LiTFSI electrolyte salts was varied into 5%; 10%; 15%; and 20%. Several characterizations were carried out to determine battery performance, including Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometry (ElS), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Charge/Discharge (CD), and Lithium Transference Number (LTN). The results showed that the synthesized separator sheet with a LiTFSI salt composition of 20% producing voltage, ionic conductivity, and lithium-ion transfer number of 0.72 V; 3.94 x 10-8 SCm-1; and 0.895, respectively is potential for lithium-ion batteries application. These results indicate the use of LiTFSI electrolyte salts with a concentration of 20% shows the best performance for PVDF-PEO-LiTFSI-based lithium-ion batteries.]]>
<![CDATA[Carbon-Oxalate (C-Ox) Practicum Waste as an Adsorbent Material Candidate in the Chemistry Laboratory ]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 17 No 3 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.3.6463
<![CDATA[This study aims to treat carbon and oxalate practicum waste as an adsorbent material candidate in the Chemistry Laboratory. Practicum waste was used to synthesise carbon-oxalate (C-Ox) by using wet (C-OxW) and semi-wet (C-OxDs) impregnation methods. The products were tested by SEM and FTIR. The adsorption was tested by contacting each 1 gram of C-Ox with various concentrations of chromium ions waste for 24 hours while shaking. The filtrate was measured by AAS. The data obtained were compared with standard activated carbon (CC) as control and analyzed with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations. The results showed that C-Ox can be used as an adsorbent in the chemistry laboratory. Based on the SEM test, the pores of C-OxW were seen to be most than C-OxDs and CC. Adsorption of chromium ions of C-OxW and C-OxDs were more effective than CC. C-Ox test by FTIR showed very sharp wavenumbers appeared at 3674.5 and 3705.41 cm-1 for the hydroxyl groups; 1697.4 cm-1 for C=O; and 1141.8 cm-1 for C-O. The determination coefficient (R2) of Freundlich isotherm of CC and C-Ox were higher than Langmuir isotherm, and on the other hand, R2 of C-OxDs was shown oppositely.]]>
