cover
Contact Name
Meldi T.M. Sinolungan
Contact Email
cocos@unsrat.ac.id
Phone
+6281356422433
Journal Mail Official
cocos@unsrat.ac.id
Editorial Address
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado
Location
Kota manado,
Sulawesi utara
INDONESIA
COCOS
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27150070     DOI : 10.35791
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Jurnal ini memuat materi yang berkaitan dengan Pertanian. Menyangkut Tanah, Budidaya Pertanian, Proteksi Tanaman, Teknologi Pertanian dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian
Articles 831 Documents
Pemanfaatan Kompos dan EM-4 pada Lahan Kritis Terhadap Serapan Hara, Pertumbuhan, dan Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L) Di Kabupaten Minahasa. Joice.M.J. Supit; Y.E.B Kamagi; L.Th. Karamoy
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 3 (2020): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i7.31319

Abstract

ABSTRACTField experiments on "Utilization of Compost and EM-4 in Critical Lands on NutrientUptake, Growth, and Production of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in MinahasaDistrict", with objectives in this study were Determine the optimal compost dosage foragricultural business; Determine the dose of EM-4 as an activator that can optimize theuse of compost; Utilizing critical land as productive land for agricultural activities;Improving soil physical properties, soil chemistry and soil biology for critical land becomeproductive land . The research was conducted in a field experiment by analyzing compostand soil before and after compost treatment. The compost dose treatment consisted of 0 ton/ ha as a control, 15 ton / ha; 30 ton / ha; 45 tonnes / ha and 60 tonnes / ha. The EM-4treatment consisted of 0 cc, 30cc and 60 cc / 100gr white sugar + 6 liters of water. Shallotplants as an indicator. The incubation period for compost is 2 weeks. The research methodwas a factorial experiment with a randomized block design and 3 replications. Thestatistical tests used are ANOVA and LSD analysis. The results of the study showed thatcompost treatment had a significant effect on growth and production of shallots, while EM-4 had no significant effect. Compost treatment of 45 tons / ha provides maximum nutrientuptake, growth and production of shallots.Key words: Compost, EM-4, Shallots, Critical Lands.
RESPON PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK KOMPOS PADA TANAH MARJINAL DENGAN INDIKATOR TANAMAN PAKCOY DI KOTA MANADO Karamoy Lientje Theffie; Verry R. Warouw; Ronny Nangoi
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 3 (2020): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i7.31351

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pupuk organik kompos terhadappertumbuhan pakcoy pada tanah marginal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca FakultasPertanian, untuk percobaan pot dan untuk analisa tanah, pupuk organik kompos dilakukan diLaboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Unsrat Manado.Pelaksanaan penelitian ini akan berlangsung selama 6 bulan. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan dilapangan yaitu sekop, karung, ayakan pasir, mistar, alat tulis menulis, kamera, timbangan, benihpakcoy, polibag, air, pupuk organik kompos. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalamLaboratorium tercantum dalam metode analisis: pH, Nitrogen (Metode Kjedahl), Fosfor (MetodeBray I), Kalium (Metode Bray I), C-organik (Metode Walkley and Black).Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap, tiapperlakuan dicampur pasir dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 12 pot percobaan dan terdiridari 4 perlakuan 3 ulangan. Analisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam dan jika ada pengaruhnyata dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT 5%.Hasil penelitian diperoleh kandungan hara pada marginal adalah sangat rendah. Hasilanalisis sidik ragam diperoleh tidak adanya pengaruh yang nyata pemberian pupuk komposterhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun selama 5 minggu pengamatan, namun cenderungmeningkat dengan pemberian pupuk kompos. Pengaruh yang nyata terlihat pada berat segartanaman. Hasil uji lanjut menunjukkan adanya perbedaaan yang nyata antara perlakuanpemberian pupuk kompos.Kata kunci:Tanah Marginal,Kompos,Pakcoy.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI BEBERAPA TUTUPAN LAHAN DI SUAKA MARGASATWA MANEMBO-NEMBO Rian S. Darwis; Reynold P. Kainde; Wawan Nurmawan
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 3 (2020): EDISI JULI-SEPTEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v7i7.31709

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to be able to find out and analyze the diversity ofbird species in some land cover at Manembo-nembo Wildlife Reserve. Thisresearch was conducted in January-March 2020, a research location in theManembo-nembo Wildlife Reserve area which includes the administrative area ofSouth Minahasa Regency. The method used is the method of point count with thenumber of 7 points used as observation samples with each primary dry land forest3 points, dry land farming 3 points and dry land agriculture mixed with shrubs 1point. The data analysis used is (Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index), (RelativeAbundance Index), (Average Index) and (Type Similarity Index). The resultsshowed that there are 60 species of birds from 28 families in the Manembo-nemboWildlife Reserve in the South Minahasa adiministration region. This area has adiversity value (3.21) as an indicator of the high diversity of bird species. Forprimary dryland forest cover has a diversity index value (3.01) with a total of 34types, a value (2.97) with a total of 31 types on agricultural cover of dry landmixed with shrubs and the lowest value on dryland agricultural cover (2.77) witha total of 42 types.Keywords : Diversity of bird species, Land cover, Manembo-nembo WildlifeReserve
MORFOLOGI DAN PERILAKU HAMA Crocidolomia pavonana PADA TANAMAN KUBIS Frangky J. Paat; Jantje Pelealu
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.31819

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the morphology and behavior of Crocidolomia pavonana pests. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology and Plant Pests, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University. This research used descriptive method and analyzed using excel and SPSS 19 software. Observations included size, shape, larva color, behavior, development stage of Crocidolomia pavonana. The measurement results of the larval instar of C. pavonana, first instar is 1,84-2,51 mm, second instar is 5,1-6,82 mm, the size of the third instar larva is 11,97-15,85 mm, and the size of the fourth instar larvae is 14,25-18,7 mm. Observation period of the larval instar of C. pavonana, first instar was 3-6 days, second instar period was 3-6 days, third instar period was 2-5 days, and fourth instar period was 3-8 days. The size of the egg group is 3-5 mm. Female body size is longer than male imago. The average female body size is ± 9-11,6 cm. The average male body size was 6,7-9,2 mm. The time period for hatching groups of eggs is 3-4,5 days. The results of the morphological study of Crocidolomia pavonana pest showed that the adult characteristics of the head color are orange, body color is cream to slightly yellow, wing color is brown with black spots, laying eggs under the leaves. Eggs are placed in groups and arranged, placed under the leaves in a group of eggs, greenish yellow and shiny, when they hatch, they are older and slightly reddish, hatch 4-5 days after laying. The larvae have four instars. When the first instar is still in groups and eats the leaves where the larvae hatch so that it forms like a window, spreads after entering the second instar, the green colored caterpillar on the back has a light green line, on the right and left sides the color is older, and there are chitine hairs, there are Also the caterpillars which are green with three rows of lighter color and side lines are green and yellow and the hair is green, the kettles forming pupae will drop in the ground under the cabbage plant and there are also pupae on the leaves. The first instar larvae are light green, the head is black and the body surface is covered with fine hairs. This larva is still weak and is mostly silent by covering its body with fine white threads that come out of its mouth. Second instar larvae when molting, pale green skin, reddish brown head. When molting the skin it is sometimes difficult to find skin marks, because the skin marks are eaten by the larvae. Usually all that is left is the hard part of the head. On the side of the larva's body there is a green ribbon. These second instar larvae have been actively moving to eat the leaves until they have holes. After reaching the third instar, the larvae disperse and begin to attack deeper leaves and often enter the shoots of the plant and destroy the growing point. Larvae usually eat together in a plant and eat the lower leaves without eating the upper membrane so that the leaves become transparent. The larva's body accumulates light green larval excrement. Fourth instar larvae are light green, the head and legs are brownish and the longitudinal green stripes on the body are more pronounced. In the intermediate stage from the larvae to the prepupa period, it is greenish yellow with a blackish head. On the back and side of the larvae there are longitudinal brown lines. Larvae are puppies in the soil and reddish in color with a cocoon covered with soil grains. Male and female imago (moth) exit the pupa by breaking the ventral portion of the thorax. The moth that comes out of the pupa is still very weak. A few hours later it can fly. On the head there is a coiled proboscis (trunk) and filiform antennae (like threads). The front leg is shorter than the hind leg. The female moth's abdomen is larger, but shorter than the male moth. The tip of the abdomen of the male moth is blunter and has more fine hair. The characteristics of the head color are orange, body color is cream to slightly yellow, wing color is brown with black spots, laying eggs under the leaves. The research location is at a position of ± 85 meters above sea level. Humidity 87%. Temperature 26 ° C. Laboratory room temperature 27 ° C. Screening temperature 27 ° C, green house temperature 30.4 ° C. The number of rainy days is 24 days. The duration of the sun's radiation is 53%. Rainfall 315 millimeters. Key words: morphology, size, shape, larva color, behavior of Crocidolomia pavonana
INDUKSI KALUS PADA AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.) SECARA IN VITRO MENGGUNAKAN 2,4-D Jefri Paseno; Euis F. S. Pangemanan; Beatrix Doodoh
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.31820

Abstract

ABSTRACT CALLUS INDUCTION ON AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.) IN VITRO USING 2,4-D This study aims to obtain the optimal concentration of ZPT (growth regulator) 2,4-D for in vitro induction of palm callus.The research was conducted in January - May 2020 at the Laboratory of the Manado Palm Plant Research Institute.This study used MS media (Murashige and Skoog) and 5 concentrations (treatment) of 2,4-D, each treatment was repeated 5 times so that the number of experimental units was 25 bottles of culture, namely the initial concentration using 2,4-D 2 mg /l, 3 mg / l, 4 mg / l, 5 mg / l, and 6 mg / l, while for the concentration of 2,4-D after sub-culture, namely, 6 mg / l, 7 mg / l, 8 mg /l, 9 mg / l, and 10 mg / l.The results showed that the treatment of 2,4-D at a dose of 6 mg / l and 10 mg / l could induce callus on sugar palm. Keywords : Arenga pinnata Merr., Plant Tissue Isolation Method, Callus Induction, 2,4-D
Studi Riap Mahoni (Swietenia Macropylla King) Area Kegiatan Rehabilitasi Daerah Aliran Sungai (Das) Desa Lolan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Makai. M; Walangitan. H. D; R. Kainde
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.31821

Abstract

ABSTRAK The basic principle of sustainable forest management is that forest harvest is the same as the forest increment itself, so increment information is very important. Increment is the increase in diameter, basal area, height, volume or value of a tree or stand over a certain period of time. Mahogany tree (Swietenia Macropylla King) can survive in all types of soil, so this plant is very suitable for planting in the context of land rehabilitation activities. This research was conducted in the Watershed Rehabilitation Area (DAS) in Lolan Village, Bolaang Timur District, Bolaang Mongondow Regency in October - November 2018. This study aims to describe the initial increment of mahogany stands (Sweitenia macrophylla King). The technique of determining tree samples using purposive sampling method by selecting trees whose growth has never been disturbed by either pests or broken due to wind. The variables observed were diameter, height, and volume increments. The results showed that the average height and diameter of mahogany trees in blocks A1 & A7 when the plants were 16 months (1.25 years old) were 3.24 m for height and 0.033 m, respectively. The average height increment was 2.594 m / yr, the mean diameter increment was 0.026 m / yr. Furthermore, the average volume increment is 0.00169 m3 / year. Key words: Riap, land rehabilitation, plantation forest
KEHILANGAN TANAH SAAT PANEN PADA TANAMAN BAWANG DAUN (Allium fistulosum L) Nehemia Angeli Mukuan; Yani E. B. Kamagi; Jooudie N. Luntungan
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.31906

Abstract

ABSTARCT The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of soil transported or involved in the roots and stems of leeks at harvest time. This research was conducted to determine the amount of soil involved when the leek plants were harvested in the agricultural land of Rurukan, East Tomohon sub-district. This plant is a potential commodity and important for the local community because it supports the economy of the farming community. This research uses descriptive research methods (Anonymous, 1984). The variables observed were root weight (Xa) and leek stem diameter (Xb) to the amount of soil transported (Yt) with a total of 40 samples with the multiple linear regression analysis method at the 5% level (Sugiarto, 1992). The results showed that the amount of soil transported on one leeks plants was 4.1064 gr with an estimated value based on multiole regression equation, namely: Yt = 0.3253 + 3.2661Xa + 0.5150Xb, at R2 = 0.6292. Key words: Loss of Soil, Leek
POTENSI PEMANFAATAN HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU POHON AREN DI KELURAHAN KAYAWU KOTA TOMOHON Cindy Eva Saragih; Marthen Theo Lasut; Euis F. S. Pangemanan
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.31907

Abstract

ABSTRACT POTENTIAL UTILIZATION OF NON-AREN FOREST PRODUCTS IN KAYAWU VILLAGE, TOMOHON CITY Sugar palm is one of the HHBK that is widely used, one of which is palm sugar, or also known as "saguer" in the Manado language. Almost all parts of the palm tree can be used. There are many production products that can be used, for example young palm fruit is processed into fro, sap water for making brown sugar and vinegar and starch / flour in the stems for making various foods. This study aims to determine the potential of the sugar palm (Arenga pinnata, Merr.) as a non-timber forest product as utilized by villagers of Kayawu. The research was conducted in November 2019 in Kayawu Village, Tomohon City, North Sulawesi. This research used a purposive sampling method, which is the technique of selecting respondents that fulfill certain criteria and interviewing them using a questionnaire. The results of the study, it can be concluded that the use or processing of palm sugar in Kayawu Village is rock sugar (74.41%), then rat stamp (20.93%) and sugar ant (4.65%). Keywords : HHBK, Palm Sugar, Brown Sugar
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH DI KEBUN TRADISIONAL DESA SEREH KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD Riansen Alva Nangaro; Zetly E, Tamod; Tilda Titah
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.32111

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were to determine the content of soil organic matterin traditional gardens in Sereh Village, Lirung District, Talaud Islands Regency. Thisresearch was conducted in the Traditional Garden of Sereh Village and the Laboratoryof Chemistry and Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agriculture, Unsrat for 1 month. Thisresearch uses a survey method. Sampling was carried out using the sampling methodin groups / cluster sampling (CS). Soil samples were taken with a depth of 0-50 cm,50-100 cm, and> 100 cm under the clove, nutmeg and coconut plants. The chemicalparameters analyzed were; organic matter content (Walkley and Black Method). Soilsamples were analyzed at the Laboratory of Chemistry and Soil Fertility, Departmentof Soil, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University.Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the organic matter content islow to moderate with the details that are in the low category, namely: In the 50-100 cmlayer -and> 100 cm the upper slope of the clove plant is 1.80% -1.20%, the nutmegplant is worth 1, 80%, and coconut plants worth 1.92%. The middle slope of the cloveplant was 1.80% -1.20%, the nutmeg plant was 1.20%, and the coconut plant was1.80%. The lower slope of the clove plant was 1.92% -1.68% -1.56%, the nutmeg plantwas 1.80% -1.20%, and the coconut plant was 1.56%. And in the medium category,namely: In layers 0-50 cm and 50-100 cm, the upper slope of the clove plant is 3.95%,the nutmeg is 3.59% -2.99%, and the coconut plant is 3.71% - 2.40%. The middle slopeof the clove plant was 3.59%, the nutmeg plant was 3.95% -3.35%, and the coconutplant was 2.99% -2.40%. The lower slope of the nutmeg plant is 3.11%, and under thecoconut plant it is 3.95% -2.04%.Keywords: Analysis of organic matter
SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BATANG PADI KUNING (Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk.) PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) di DESA LIWUTUNG II KECAMATAN PASAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA Olden Julio Ronaldy Uguy; Vivi Montong; James Kaligis
COCOS Vol. 12 No. 4 (2020): EDISI OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v1i1.32441

Abstract

ABSTRAKRice plants (Oryza sativa L.), including the Poaceae family, one of the most important food plants forIndonesia because the staple food for most of the population is rice. Scircpophaga incertulas (Yellow PBP) isone of the most harmful rice plant pests in Indonesia and several countries in Asia. This study aims todetermine the level of attack of the Yellow Rice Stem Borer in rice (Oryza sativa L.), especially in LiwutungII Village, Pasan District, Southeast Minahasa Regency. The research was conducted in Liwutung II Village,Pasan District, Southeast Minahasa Regency. The research was conducted from September to December2020. The materials and tools used were rice plants, tajar gamal wood, scissors, plastic rope, tweezers,cameras and ATMs. The study used a survey method in lowland rice fields in the generative phase in 3different rice fields with five sub-plots, each sub-plot was taken 50 clumps of plants to be observed. The areaof the rice plot used is A (60 x 5 m) B (60 x 7 m) C (30 x 5 m). Sub plot (3 x 3 m). The things observed werethe number of S. incertulas infestations found in each sub-plot and the number of clumps attacked. Based onthe research that has been done, it can be concluded that the most attacks were in rice field B with an attackintensity of 15.4%, rice field A 14.9% and the lowest attack intensity was found in rice field C with anaverage attack intensity of 5.4. %Keywords: Yellow Rice Stem Borer Attack

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