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INDONESIA
Power, Conflict and Democracy Journal
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 20850433     EISSN : 20850441     DOI : https://doi.org/ 10.22146/pcd
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Social Sciences
PCD Journal is an initiative to promote works and reports written in high-quality academic standard on the dynamics of power, conflict, and democracy in developing countries, particularly in South and Southeast Asia. Themes on practices of human rights, popular representation, and participatory-based public policy are amongst the interests of the initiative. It is considered that there is a serious lack of scholarly publishers within this geographical area and within these thematic fields, partly, due to the colonial pattern in international publication. PCD Publication seeks to alter the condition. The main discipline area of the initiative is social sciences with sub-discipline areas in political science, human geography, and political anthropology. We invite concerned scholars and experts in related themes to share and discuss their research, knowledge, and works in academically equal spirit. The published works and reports in PCD Journal are under the condition of having to pass through the peer review system, involving international academics and experts. PCD Journal is set up as a network project, currently, involving Universitas Gadjah Mada in Indonesia, the University Colombo in Sri Lanka, and the University of Oslo in Norway. Demos Indonesia (the Indonesian Centre for Democracy and Human Rights Studies), the Social Scientists’ Association of Sri Lanka, and the International Centre for Ethnic Studies, Sri Lanka, are added into the collaboration. PCD Journal is currently managed by Department of Politics and Government, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada (DPP UGM). Operationally, it is managed by DPP UGM research and publication unit, named as PolGov (Research Centre for Politics and Government). This management is continuing what has been respectably initiated by the Centre for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS UGM)
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 68 Documents
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The Politics of Virtue for Capital Accumulation Arif Novianto; Kurnia Cahyaningrum Effendi; Yuyun Purbokusumo
PCD Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2021): PCD Journal Volume 9 No. 1 2021
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v9i1.3760

Abstract

Discourses about Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are generally understood as goodwill and social virtue. This research with a CSR Indocement case study in the Pati District found something different in the study in areas that have not been affected by and in the process of expansion from PT SMS (a subsidiary of PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa). CSR Indocement, which has been run in Pati since 2012, is not based on a business ethic or corporate social virtue model. With political economy analysis, we found that 1) CSR Indocement runs in Pati as an effort to expedite the expansion of their capital which has strong resistance from the community rejecting the cement factory; 2) CSR Indocement for the last five years in Pati, nearly 90 programs that have been attempted none have been able to empower the community. These efforts were influenced by two things: 1) In carrying out its program CSR Indocement brought the program to the village elites. 2) CSR Indocement's initial goal for Pati was to build a consensus to give a red carpet for capital expansion so that the goal of empowerment is not paramount.
Does Education Foster Electoral Turnout? Evidence from Indonesia Sri Rahmi Purnamasari
PCD Journal Vol 9 No 2 (2021): PCD Journal Volume 9 No. 2 2021
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v9i2.3763

Abstract

This study shows that nine years of compulsory education in Indonesia does not foster electoral turnout, especially during the simultaneous elections (district, presidential, and gubernatorial) in the first decade of direct elections (2004-2014). Gender, marital status, and Islam (the largest religion in Indonesia) also do not have a significant effect on electoral turnout. However, a factor that determinant to induces electoral turnout is ethnicity; the ethnic Javanese/Balinese, as the largest ethnic group in Indonesia, are more likely to participate in direct district, presidential, and gubernatorial elections than other ethnic groups. Although education does not foster electoral turnout, nine years of compulsory education does significantly affect the younger cohort, who go on to seek higher education.
Personal Networks and Elections in a Divided Society Desi Rahmawati; Wegik Prasetyo; Elvira Marlien Marantika
PCD Journal Vol 9 No 2 (2021): PCD Journal Volume 9 No. 2 2021
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v9i2.3912

Abstract

Research on electoral politics in post-conflict societies tends to understand religious primordiality as a key factor driving voters' electoral preferences and voting behaviour. Such studies, despite their ability to explain fragmentation, ignore the role of personal networks in electoral consolidation. Those studies that do consider personal networks, at least in a Southeast Asian context, tend to highlight patronage and kinship politics. This paper aims to underscore the importance of personal networks within the context of a post-conflict society while also enriching studies of women and elections. Using the 2019 legislative elections in Ambon, Indonesia, as its case study, this article discusses the reasons, forms, and effectiveness of candidates' use of their personal networks. Although it rarely results in electoral victory, this strategy goes beyond the mere consolidation of constituents and votes. Women candidates' personal networks, which stem from their social, economic, and political activities, provide them with important avenues to approach unfamiliar communities and penetrate psychological barriers. In a divided society, where candidates prioritise offline campaign activities targeting particular communities, the presence of personal networks is crucial. In this sense, the strategies of electoral democracy—including personal networks—can contribute to peacekeeping.
Livelihood Diversification as Political Translation Sudirman
PCD Journal Vol 9 No 2 (2021): PCD Journal Volume 9 No. 2 2021
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v9i2.4788

Abstract

This article questions the ability of the resistance framework to explain local communities' political reactions to oil palm expansion. Guided by a translation and ethnographic framework, this study investigates the Modang Dayak community's political reaction from below to large-scale land acquisitions in upland East Kalimantan. It shows that, based on their knowledge and everyday life practice, the Modang Dayaks have the agency to negotiate the land scarcity that has accompanied oil palm expansion. This study contributes to reaction theory by arguing that livelihood diversification is a form of political translation used to negotiate the difficulties created by palm oil; as land has become increasingly scarce, the Modang Dayaks have redefined their relationship with it. This reality tends to be ignored in political science debates because researchers generally view political reactions through a resistance paradigm. Ultimately, however, the politics of translation go beyond the politics of resistance.
Politics of Legitimation Hasanah, Mahesti
PCD Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2022): PCD Journal Volume 10 No. 1 2022
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v10i1.4824

Abstract

This research discusses contract farming—an agreement between farmers and processing and/or marketing firms, usually agribusiness transnational companies (TNCs), under a specific arrangement that commonly includes predetermined prices for the production and supply of agricultural products—in a transnational policy context. The study is dominated by institutionalism and materialism approaches which hold that structural changes coincide with economic development. However, this approaches raises a question about the role of actors in instituting, transferring, and challenging the norms of contract farming. This research seeks to challenge the literature by focusing on how contract farming, as a dual process, constitutes a territory for its actors to claim and reclaim their authority. Drawing on the implementation of agreements between TNCs and small farmers in Davao, Mindanao, we discuss the legitimation process within a context of strong state political control and complicated global market flows. Specifically, this research aims to understand how contract farming institutes a particular type of legitimation through the influence of transnational policy. Using the organisational and institutional legitimation approaches, we understand contract farming as a fluid and openly contested distributing authority. This research uses four data collection methods: desk studies, interviews, focus group discussions, and observation.
Recent Practices of People's Participation in Different Avenues of Rural Local Government Tanjil Ahmed; Azizur Rahman; Tamanna Akter
PCD Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2022): PCD Journal Volume 10 No. 1 2022
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5096

Abstract

People's participation in various avenues of local administration is crucial for strengthening decentralisation in Bangladesh, despite the fact that such participation faces significant. The main purpose of this research is to explore the most current trends in people's participation in different avenues of local government. This research also examines the realities and challenges involved in strengthening decentralisation in Bangladesh. Using a quantitative methodology, this research found that different avenues of people's participation in Union Parishads has fostered successful decentralisation since these avenues certify independent participation and enable them to share their opinions and influence decision-making processes. Since decentralisation facilitates the transfer of power from the central to the local level, people's participation is functional within Union Parishads. Moreover, this research demonstrates that most rural people are severely challenged in participating in the different avenues of Union Parishads due to political complexity, institutional corruption, poor education, and general unawareness. The authors therefore suggest that, by implementing public awareness programmes, ensuring the maximum autonomy of local government units, and confirming the accountability and transparency of service providers, people's participation can strengthen the decentralisation of rural local government in Bangladesh.
Extra-Judicial Killings in Papua, Indonesia Reflections on Violation and State Authoritarianism Toward Papuans Saadah, Aliyah Almas
PCD Journal Vol 10 No 2 (2022): PCD Journal Volume 10 No. 2 2022
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v10i2.5131

Abstract

This article aims to elaborate on and explore extrajudicial killings, i.e.,the human rights violations conducted by Indonesian state security forces in Papua. Such unlawful executions are tightly intertwined with the history of torture and forced disappearance during the lengthy conflict in Papua and West Papua. Despite claiming numerous victims, security officials have never been held fully accountable for extrajudicial killings due to their “legal impunity” and the lack of political will to bring perpetrators to trial. Importantly, this article shows that the reported killings are only the tip of the iceberg, as human rights experts and scholars believe there are many more profound and severe violations of Papuans’ rights. Journalists’ limited access to documents, as well as general non-disclosure, has created speculation that numerous human rights violations have occurred but gone unreported. First, we urge the government to recognise extrajudicial killings as gross and severehuman rights violations, as defined by international law. Second, the government must comprehensively review police, military, or other security officials’ fieldwork and use of firearms and physical force when arresting suspects.
Violent to Non-Violent Displacement Dhian Cahyati‬, Devy
PCD Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2022): PCD Journal Volume 10 No. 1 2022
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5263

Abstract

This article discusses land contestation as a factor in the creation of agrarian conflict and the marginalisation of local people. Through field research in Register 45 Mesuji, Lampung, the author explores the geographical displacement of the indigenous people and forest squatters who occupied the land since the fall of The New Order. This paper attempts to explain the strategies used by corporations to displace local people and accelerate capital accumulation. In such situations, the state functions to legitimise the process of land displacement. However, where violence is used for displacement, this indicates a failure to uphold the global norm of human rights. This article shows that the process of displacement has continued through contract farming, i.e., partnership programmes used to control the land in Register 45 and limit squatters' access. In this situation, forest squatters are used as labourers who benefit the company by easing its capital accumulation. However, squatters have rejected this mechanism, preferring to remain independent.
Political Clientelism, Family Power and Conflict Permanence in Pilkada Kelihu, Ardiman
PCD Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2022): PCD Journal Volume 10 No. 1 2022
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5417

Abstract

This article examines the relationship between political clientelism and the establishment of family power in local elections. It argues that the use of clientelism networks impacts the creation of family power, the application of which results in the perpetuation of social conflict. Clientelism networks serve as ready-to-use networks which can be mobilised to support relatives during political events. This article uses the case of local elections in Central Maluku (2007–2017) to show the clientelist processes used by the relatives of Tuasikal. The use of alternate clientelism networks enabled the Tuasikal family in Central Maluku to successfully establish power and perpetuate conflicts between supporters and opponents. This study used field observations to collect data in fifteen villages, focusing on the elites and community members involved in the 2007, 2012, and 2017 elections, as well as a review of relevant literature. This study concludes that clientelist practices are used to create political networks to maintain family power and perpetuate conflict between opposing community groups during elections.
Knowledge Mobilization of Anti-vaccine Movement in Social Media Widyaningrum, Novi; Trisnantoro, Laksono
PCD Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2022): PCD Journal Volume 10 No. 1 2022
Publisher : PCD Press, Department of Politics and Government - Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5898

Abstract

This study observes social movement in the digitalized era, especially on how the actor of anti-vaccine movement connected as well as spread and formed the knowledge in the social media. This study is essential to be further explored to enrich the theories of anti-vaccine in the digital era. The case to be studied here is the anti-vaccine movement on Facebook, which has developed in the context of the socio-politics of the Indonesian people in 2018-2019. Using Content Analysis as the method, this study finds that the Anti-vaccine Movement in Indonesia rejected the vaccine program by attacking the knowledge hegemony created by medical institutions and the government. It has formed new knowledge by issuing a counter toward the medical discourse. The argument centered on moral anger and structural repression by government agencies, worldwide institutions, pharmacy industries, and media and showed strong logic based on religious belief. This fact indicates that social media plays a role in spreading anti-vaccine ideas and gives way for the movement to develop and to have a dynamic network that can survive for a long of time. By mobilizing knowledge through a social movement in the digitalized world, the anti-vaccine movement in Indonesia has a broader network. It has the potential to influence the success of the government program.

Page 3 of 7 | Total Record : 68

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