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INDONESIA
Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 14124734     EISSN : 24078646     DOI : 10.15408
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Focus and Scope FOCUS This journal focused on Islamic Studies and present developments through the publication of articles and research reports. SCOPE Ahkam specializes on islamic law, and is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Fatwa; Islamic Economic Law; Islamic Family Law; Islamic Legal Administration; Islamic Jurisprudence; Islamic Law and Politics; Islamic Legal and Judicial Education; Comparative Islamic Law; Islamic Law and Gender; Islamic Law and Contemporary Issues; Islamic Law and Society; Islamic Criminal Law
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 404 Documents
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Sufism, Sharia, & Politics: Contesting Islamic Authority in Contemporary Aceh Rubaidi; Abdul Jamil Wahab; Ali Mas’ud; Budi Handoyo
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v25i2.46792

Abstract

This article examines the discourse between Sufi and sharia-oriented scholars concerning the nature of Islam and its implementation in social and state life in contemporary Aceh. It focuses on the thought of modern Acehnese Sufi figures, particularly Abuya Sheikh Amran Waly Al-Khalidi, vis-à-vis scholars affiliated with the Aceh Ulama Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Ulama, MPU) and the Aceh branch of the Indonesian Ulama Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI). Drawing on qualitative field research, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and literature review. This study argues that the discourse between these groups extends beyond differences in interpretive approaches and legal application, reflecting fundamentally divergent epistemological understandings of Islamic teachings. Moreover, this contestation echoes historical dynamics in Aceh, notably the sixteenth-century debate between Hamzah Fansuri and Nuruddin ar-Raniri during the Samudera Pasai Sultanate. The Sufism–sharia discourse thus provides an analytical lens for examining broader dynamics of Islam in Aceh, including the implementation of Islamic law, inter-ulama relations, and the influence of Jakarta’s political elites. Ultimately, this article elucidates the foundational principles guiding both Sufi and sharia scholars in translating Islamic teachings into communal and state practices in Aceh and, more broadly, in Indonesia.   Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji diskursus antara ulama syariat versus ulama sufi dalam memahami hakekat Islam dan implementasi dalam kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan maupun kenegaraan di Aceh modern. Kajian ini membedah pemikiran sosok ulama sufi Aceh modern, yakni Abuya Syekh Amran Waly Al-Khalidi vis-à-vis para ulama yang tergabung dalam Majelis Permusyawaratan Ulama (MPU) Aceh dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Aceh. Artikel ini didasarkan pada penelitian lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, dan studi pustaka. Artikel ini berargumentasi, bahwa diskursus kedua belah pihak dalam konteks Aceh modern tidak hanya menggambarkan tentang perbedaan cara berfikir dalam memahami sekaligus menerapkan ajaran Islam saja. Selain itu, kontestasi keduanya menggambarkan dinamika sejarah masa lalu yang terulang kembali di era Hamzah Fansuri versus Nuruddin Ar-Raniri pada Kesultanan Samudera Pasai abad ke-16. Diskursus antara sufisme dan syariat ini dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis dinamika Islam di Aceh dalam hubungannya dengan penerapan syariat Islam, relasi antar ulama, sekaligus keputusan politik elit pemerintah Jakarta. Artikel ini menyajikan temuan berupa prinsip-prinsip dasar pemikiran antara ulama sufi versus ulama syariat dalam konteks menerjemahkan ajaran Islam dalam kehidupan masyarakat sekaligus kenegaraan di Aceh maupun Indonesia pada umumnya.
A Laissez-Faire Approach of Muslim NGOs as Minorities in Shaping the Halal Industry & Islamic Banking Law in Japan Ahmad Dahlan; Muhammad Hakimi Mohd Shafiai; Muhammad Wildan; Adam Voak; Kyoichiro Sugimoto
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v25i2.46880

Abstract

This article examines and proves the laissez-faire approach taken in the context of Muslim Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in shaping the development of Japan's halal industry and Islamic banking. Preliminary data support the idea behind this research. Despite representing minority groups in Japan, Muslim NGOs have adopted a non-interventionist approach, empowering market forces and community-driven initiatives to drive the growth of halal products and services. Through their advocacy and collaborative efforts, these organizations have navigated the Japanese legal landscape to promote halal certification, halal food production, and Islamic finance, aligning these sectors with global market trends and local cultural dynamics. Using field research supported by document analysis and interviews, it was found that a laissez-faire model characterized by minimal state intervention in the work of Muslim NGOs in public and private sector involvement in the halal economy and Islamic banking emerges despite the challenges they faced in a non-Muslim-majority country. By tracing the historical context of these developments and analyzing key case studies, this paper offers insights into the intersection of religion, economics, and legal reform in Japan. These findings contribute to a broader discourse regarding the influence of minorities in niche markets, with implications for the future of Islamic finance and the halal industry in both non-Western and non-Muslim contexts.   Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji peran unik Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) Muslim di Jepang dalam mengembangkan industri halal dan perbankan Islam. Meskipun sebagai kelompok minoritas, LSM Muslim ini menggunakan pendekatan "laissez-faire" (non-intervensionis). Mereka mengandalkan kekuatan pasar dan inisiatif komunitas untuk mendorong pertumbuhan layanan dan produk halal. Melalui advokasi dan kolaborasi, mereka berhasil menavigasi peraturan hukum Jepang untuk mempromosikan sertifikasi halal, makanan halal, dan keuangan Islam, menyesuaikan diri dengan tren global dan budaya lokal. Penelitian (berdasarkan wawancara dan analisis dokumen) menunjukkan bahwa model laissez-faire ini—ditandai dengan intervensi negara yang minimal—berhasil diterapkan LSM, meskipun menghadapi tantangan di negara mayoritas non-Muslim. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan tentang persimpangan agama, ekonomi, dan hukum di Jepang, serta berkontribusi pada pemahaman tentang pengaruh kelompok minoritas dalam mengembangkan pasar khusus, seperti industri halal dan keuangan Islam dalam konteks non-Muslim dan non-Barat.
Fatwa and Digital Constitutionalism: Religious Authority and Public Expression in Indonesia Irman Jaya; Mohamad Shofin Sugito; Rahmat Dwi Putranto; Arrum Budi Leksono; Dzaka M. Hakim
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): Article in press
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v26i2.51675

Abstract

The Indonesian Constitution guarantees religious expression in the digital space. However, this expression can spark debate and controversy when it clashes with the authority of individuals issuing fatwas online. This study analyzes the interaction between religious views and the Constitution in Indonesia, especially regarding citizens' constitutional rights to express religious fatwas in the digital public sphere. With a digital constitutionalism approach that involves a normative-comparative analysis of the Indonesian Constitution, the Human Rights Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law), the Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law), and other relevant regulations, this study finds that the religious fatwas of ustadz (religious teachers) in the digital space invite debate/controversy. On the one hand, he has a constitutional right to express his religious opinions; on the other, the state regulates religious authorities who may express religious opinions in public. In practice, the state recognises an institutional fatwa (MUI) rather than an individual fatwa, although an individual fatwa has greater influence than an institutional fatwa.   Abstrak Konstitusi Indonesia menjamin kebebasan berekspresi dalam ranah keagamaan di ruang digital. Namun, ekspresi ini dapat memicu perdebatan dan kontroversi ketika berbenturan dengan otoritas individu yang mengeluarkan fatwa di ruang digital. Studi ini menganalisis interaksi antara pandangan keagamaan dan Konstitusi di Indonesia, khususnya terkait hak konstitusional warga negara untuk menyampaikan fatwa keagamaan di ruang publik digital. Dengan pendekatan digital constitutionalism (konstitusionalisme digital) melalui analisis normatif-komparatif terhadap Konstitusi Indonesia, Undang-Undang Hak Asasi Manusia, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE), Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (UU PDP), serta regulasi terkait lainnya, studi ini menemukan bahwa fatwa keagamaan dari para ustadz (guru agama) di ruang digital memicu perdebatan dan kontroversi. Di satu sisi, ia memiliki hak konstitusional untuk mengekspresikan pandangan keagamaan pribadinya; di sisi lain, negara mengatur otoritas keagamaan yang diperbolehkan menyampaikan opini keagamaan di muka umum. Dalam praktiknya, otoritas yang diakui oleh negara adalah fatwa institusional (MUI) dibandingkan dengan fatwa individu, meskipun fatwa individu memiliki pengaruh yang lebih besar daripada fatwa institusional. 
Creating Peaceful Divorce: Mediators' Roles and Strategies in Negotiating Family Conflict at Islamic Courts in Indonesia Euis Nurlaelawati; Lindra Darnela; Muhrisun; Arif Sugitanata; Kholifatun Nur Mustofa
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): Article in press
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v26i2.53347

Abstract

This study examines how mediators in Religious Courts facilitate amicable divorce settlements in marital cases where the relationship has irretrievably broken down and reconciliation is no longer realistic. Employing a socio-legal qualitative approach, the research draws on field studies conducted at Religious Courts in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and three regencies in Central Java. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with six mediators, judges, and court staff, field observations, and an analysis of relevant legal documents. The findings reveal that divorce does not necessarily indicate mediation failure; rather, it can constitute an amicable resolution through three mechanisms: shifting mediation's orientation from preserving marriage to ensuring a fair separation; facilitating negotiations concerning post-divorce rights and obligations to provide legal certainty and protect the parties' interests; and maintaining relational balance to ensure that agreements and consent are reached voluntarily and with an adequate understanding of their legal consequences. Mediators fulfil this role by identifying potentially neglected rights, explaining legal implications, and employing caucus sessions and reality testing to encourage realistic decision-making and protect vulnerable parties. Accordingly, mediation success should be assessed not merely by marital reconciliation but also by its capacity to achieve fair and amicable divorce settlements through substantive effectiveness, preventing domination, rights violations, and recurrent post-divorce conflicts.   Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana mediator di Pengadilan Agama melakukan penyelesaian perceraian secara damai pada perkara-perkara perkawinan yang telah retak secara serius dan di mana rekonsiliasi tidak lagi menjadi pilihan realistis. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sosio-legal melalui studi lapangan di Pengadilan Agama Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan tiga kabupaten di Jawa Tengah, penelitian ini didasarkan pada wawancara mendalam dengan enam mediator, hakim, dan staf pengadilan, observasi lapangan, dan telaah terhadap dokumen hukum yang relevan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceraian tidak selalu mencerminkan kegagalan mediasi, tetapi sebaliknya menjadi bentuk penyelesaian damai yang dibangun melalui tiga mekanisme;  menggeser orientasi mediasi dari upaya mempertahankan perkawinan menuju pengelolaan proses perpisahan secara adil, memfasilitasi perundingan mengenai hak dan kewajiban para pihak paska perceraian untuk kepastian hukum dan perlindungan kepentingan para pihak, dan menjaga keseimbangan relasi supaya kesepakatan dan persetujuan tercapai secara sadar dan berdasarkan pada pemahaman yang utuh terkait konsekuensi hukumnya. Dalam menjalankan peran tersebut, mediator mengidentifikasi hak-hak yang berpotensi terabaikan, menjelaskan implikasi hukum, menggunakan caucus dan reality testing untuk pertimbangan alternatif secara realistis dan perlindungan terhadap pihak rentan. Keberhasilan mediasi tidak hanya diukur dari dipertahankannya perkawinan, tetapi juga dari terciptanya perceraian yang adil dan damai melalui efektivitas mediasi secara substantif, guna mencegah dominasi, pelanggaran hak, dan konflik berulang pascaputusan.

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