Journal of World Trade Studies
Journal of World Trade Studies (JWTS) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, and open access journal that engages with issues surrounding global trade, covering its political-economic, legal, socio-cultural, as well as applied and technical aspects. JWTS provides an in-depth and thought-provoking analysis of the world trading system designed and exercised at multilateral, plurilateral, regional, and bilateral levels. JWTS particularly focuses on analysing regimes that regulate and sustain the world trading system and examining important developments in the global trade landscape. JWTS welcomes manuscripts from academics and practitioners who employ interdisciplinary perspectives and focus on areas that are currently neglected or under-researched. By presenting a rigorous analysis, JWTS seeks to foster knowledge on global trade and assist policy-makers and trade negotiators in producing evidence-based trade policies.
Articles
68 Documents
<![CDATA[The 2009-2011 United States-China Dispute on Increasing Import Tariffs on Chinese Tires ]]>
<![CDATA[Angga Aditama Putra]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2013): Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Trade Relations at the Regional Level ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v4i1.836
<![CDATA[The China-United States tire dispute was the first case concerning the China-specific Safeguard, particularly China's Accession Protocol and Section 421 of the Trade Act 1974. The China-specific Safeguard was implemented by the United States to block products solely from China to enter the US market. This article questions China's decision to countermeasure the US tire tariff policy under the WTO and the nature of special safeguards as a means of protectionism. This article also examines the characteristics of the China-specific Safeguard, which is easier to implement than traditional safeguard measures. Additionally it analyses the effect of the US tire tariff policy on China's domestic tire industry and export. Tariffs imposed by the United States are considered as a threat to the development of China's domestic tire industry both in the process of imposing safeguards and the policy's effect The US victory in the tire tariff dispute shows that the China-specific Safeguard can be used to exceed the rationality of the WTO's traditional safeguard measures. It also illustrates that the WTO has not been able to overcome the protectionist measures implemented by its members.]]>
<![CDATA[Indonesia's Creative Industry towards the ASEAN Economic Community ]]>
<![CDATA[Atika Marzaman]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2013): Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Trade Relations at the Regional Level ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v4i1.837
<![CDATA[Recent development has witnessed a significant contribution of creative economies to economic growth worldwide. This article intends to map the position of Indonesia's creative industry, not only in the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) market, but also in the wider global trading system. Findings show that in some ASEAN countries, the creative industries sector has been able to play an important role in economic development and contribute greatly to GDR This has posed a great challenge for Indonesia's creative industry to compete in an increasingly competitive regional market. Further finding demonstrate that the Indonesian government has been implementing policies to endorse creative economy. These include supporting the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) as significant actors in this industry and also implementing policies to increase product value through innovation, as well as endorsing the establishment of creative communities at the regional level. In addition, enhancing the relations among government, private sector, and academia is seen as crucial in strengthening Indonesia's creative industry sector.]]>
<![CDATA[Implementasi Sertifikasi Fairtrade pada Kopi Gayo: Analisis Posisi Petani dalam Struktur Perdagangan Alternatif ]]>
<![CDATA[Harri Fajri]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 1 (2015): Domestic Politics and International Trade Policy ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i1.838
<![CDATA[Fair Trade is an international movement trying to save farmers and workers in Global South from unfair practices of trade. In the globalized economy era this movement is getting bigger. However, the success of Fair Trade movement leads to grand debate since it depends on the involvement of corporations who are being avoided at the first time this movement began. This article discusses the implementation of Fair Trade on Gayo Coffee under Fairtrade certification scheme governed by Fairtrade Labeling Organization (FLO). It focuses on how FLO can transform farmer position in its commercial network. This article finds that certification scheme under FLO cannot guarantee farmer the best position in the international coffee chain. It argues that it is caused by the role of cooperation that is just dominated by few people instead farmers as a whole.]]>
<![CDATA[Kebijakan Perdagangan Gula Internasional dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Tata Niaga Gula di Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Hijrah Nasir]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurshinta Anggia]]>;
<![CDATA[Desri Gunawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 1 (2015): Domestic Politics and International Trade Policy ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i1.839
<![CDATA[The world sugar industries had experienced fluctuation over the past decades. In the recent time, sugar consumption increased rapidly while the production reduced gradually. This condition is also augmented by international agreement in WTO through modalities draft, which was created on July 2008. This draft required the parties to follow the tariff reduction formula and eliminate non- tariff measures that are inconsistent with WTO agreements. Nevertheless, the developing countries have been proposed the proposal to protect the sensitive sectors comprises sugar, rice, corn, and soybeans for exclusion from WTO trade liberalization. This article intends to analyse sugar trade policy in Indonesia. Sugar is one of strategic industrial commodity products in Indonesia that had enjoyed the progressive enhancement during the 1930s. However, it became deteriorated recently due to the declining of production while the demands rose dramatically. This article argues that soaring consumption, poor infrastructures and high production cost have triggered a significant increase in sugar import. This in turn only benefits the sugar importers.]]>
<![CDATA[The Implementation of Competition Chapter of the Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement ]]>
<![CDATA[Dian Retno Mayang Sari]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2015): Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i2.840
<![CDATA[The IJEPA is the first bilateral agreement that signed by the Indonesian government. Since its enactment in 2007, Indonesia has been eager to enhance the implementation of each sector of the agreement, including competition provision. This article intends to assess whether the implementation of the competition chapter of the IJEPA has met its objectives. As the research data shown on the implementation of the competition chapter of the IJEPA between the KPPU and JFTC leads into many positive cooperation activities. Accordingly, the fulfilment on the objectives of the competition chapter shows that most activities by the KPPU and the JFTC regarding all provisions of the competition chapter such as notification, exchange of information, technical cooperation, and transparency are in line with its objectives. Nevertheless, there were still limitations of its provisions and constraints on its implementation. The provisions of notification did not state in details and specify how to implement, such as (1) timing of notification; (2) in which phase of enforcement activities that notification should be given to the other party; (3) in what way to send the notification letter: (4) also in what kind of relevant area of enforcement activities it is necessary to have notification.]]>
<![CDATA[Climate change, labelling, international standards and the Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement: Are they in (dis)harmony? ]]>
<![CDATA[Michelle Ayu Chinta Kristy]]>;
<![CDATA[Joachim Monkelbaan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2015): Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i2.841
<![CDATA[Climate change and trade are two separate realms that inevitably interact with each other. Trade, representing more than half of global GDP by some accounts, may play a pivotal role in efforts to combat climate change and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The WTO Agreements were not specifically composed for climate change purposes. Labelling and international standards may be used as a trade tool whose application may influence consumer preferences and shift markets. In the context of climate change, labelling may effectively inform consumers about international standards and, in particular, the carbon footprint of products. In the context of WTO Agreements, labelling is governed by the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement). This article investigates the compatibility of the TBT Agreement in governing labelling aimed at mitigating climate change and it elaborates tensions at the nexus between climate change and trade in the context of labelling. This article eventually argues that climate change, labelling, international standards and the TBT Agreement can be in harmony. Further arrangements, which will close more gaps in the relation between the TBT Agreement and measures aimed at combating climate change, are required to alleviate (possible) tensions in practice.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Perkembangan Integrasi Ekonomi Asean Menuju Pemberlakuan Asean Economic Community (AEC) Tahun 2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Primadiana Yunita]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2015): Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i2.842
<![CDATA[Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan alasan yang melatarbelakangi ASEAN tetap melakukan integrasi ekonomi melalui ASEAN Economic Community pada tahun 2015 walaupun prasyarat sebagai komunitas ekonomi belum terpenuhi. Arikel ini menggunakan konsep identitas yang diutarakan oleh Amitav Acharya untuk menjelaskan bahwa keterlibatan dan kepatuhan negara dalam suatu integrasi regional jika tidak berdasarkan pemanfaatan materil yang secara matematis dapat ditentukan, maka integrasi bisa berdasarkan tatanan identitas yang berkembang di antara negara anggota untuk bersepakat mencapai suatu tujuan bersama. Artikel ini memprediksi bahwa ASEAN Economic Community tidak akan menghasilkan perubahan secara materiil terhadap masing-masing negara anggota ASEAN. Akan tetapi dengan mendorong integrasi ekonomi yang dilakukan melalui berbagai kesepakatan serta kerjasama ekonomi dalam perdagangan barang, jasa, ASEAN akan mampu memperkuat identitas kolektifnya.]]>
<![CDATA[The Impact of China's Belt and Road Initiative on Indonesia's Export to China ]]>
<![CDATA[Diah Ayu Wulandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Asmia Inayah]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i1.1038
<![CDATA[This study examines the difference between Indonesia's export to China before and after Indonesia's engagements with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It compares Indonesia's export to China between 2007-2013 and 2014-2020 to assess the change. This research uses a comparative and descriptive quantitative approach. The authors use the Kolmogrov-Smirnov Normality test and the Paired T test. Based on the Paired T Test calculation, it demonstrates that there is a difference between Indonesia's export to China before and after the BRI project, in that Indonesia's export to China increased after its engagements with BRI. In conclusion, the BRI positively impacts Indonesia's export to China.]]>
<![CDATA[Potential Impact of China's Circular Economy on Jobs Creation in the Tertiary Industrial Sector ]]>
<![CDATA[Ni Nyoman Clara Listya Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Riza Wahyu Pratama]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i1.1145
<![CDATA[The significant implication of circular economy in China is the creation of eco friendly industry. Basically, circular economy can create jobs through waste management. The character of waste management in this industry is divided into three sectors, namely primary, secondary and tertiary. Job creation in the three sectors has different characters. At the primary industry a circular economy can create jobs in processing in agricultural and livestock waste. At the secondary level, the circular economy provides new jobs through the manufacturing waste processing industry. At the tertiary level, the circular economy provides employment through the provision of eco friendly building or factory design services. The work opportunities and the chance to work in circular economy sector will inevitably be followed by some challenges. Thus, the aim of the research to see how the Chinese government through the implementation of circular economy is able to create new jobs. The research found that the circular economy in china not only opens up new jobs because it opens up to waste processing industry but also has the potential to create new complex jobs, bringing together upstream and downstream industries in one area (regional jobs creation). In the future, the implementation of circular economy will create significant jobs opportunities in the secondary industry.]]>
<![CDATA[Circular Economy of Used Cooking Oil in Indonesia: Current Practices and Development in Special Region of Yogyakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[B. Endo Gauh Perdana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i1.1541
<![CDATA[Used Cooking Oil (UCO) has become an inherent lifestyle of Indonesian people as frying is the main cooking method. As UCO ways of disposal have not been properly managed, the question on how UCO should be managed contributes to the adaptability of circular economy strategies moving away from throw-away culture. This study adopts desk research methods collecting relevant information from articles, journals, and books. Utilizing six dimensions – governmental, economic, environmental, technological, societal, and behavioural – of CE research for built-in environment and its conceptual limitations, this study finds that the absence of UCO governance networks contributes to the establishment of UCO collection initiatives from private sectors and community-based programs. The adoption of CE in terms of its definition and conceptual frameworks are accentuated with varying levels of emphasis on waste separation and collection systems. This study also argues that the dimensions of CE and its limitations in terms of governance and management, and social and cultural definitions are strictly attributed to incentivized UCO collection models while business sectors tend to foster limited energy recovery of UCO.]]>
