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INDONESIA
Journal of World Trade Studies
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 20876912     EISSN : 29859085     DOI : Dalam proses.
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
Journal of World Trade Studies (JWTS) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, and open access journal that engages with issues surrounding global trade, covering its political-economic, legal, socio-cultural, as well as applied and technical aspects. JWTS provides an in-depth and thought-provoking analysis of the world trading system designed and exercised at multilateral, plurilateral, regional, and bilateral levels. JWTS particularly focuses on analysing regimes that regulate and sustain the world trading system and examining important developments in the global trade landscape. JWTS welcomes manuscripts from academics and practitioners who employ interdisciplinary perspectives and focus on areas that are currently neglected or under-researched. By presenting a rigorous analysis, JWTS seeks to foster knowledge on global trade and assist policy-makers and trade negotiators in producing evidence-based trade policies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 68 Documents
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The Development of Bali's Cocoa Industry through the Hexagon Model for Local Economic Development (LED): Sorga Chocolate Factory Zia'ulhaq As Shidqi; Muhammad Abdul Azis; Ni Nyoman Clara Listya Dewi; Walda Okvi Juliana Ningsih
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i1.2455

Abstract

Local Economic Development (LED) is the foundation for maintaining the national economic cycle and supporting local financial independence. In addition to its tourism sector, Bali has potential in the cocoa industry. In 2009, Bali had 12,850 hectares of cocoa land. Balinese cocoa is also famous for its taste and fermentation quality. Unfortunately, the cocoa industry still has several challenges, such as cocoa farmers being comfortable with the value chain formed by the world's largest cocoa companies, Indonesian cocoa's renowned mixed and low-quality cocoa; access to buyers; different prices between farmers, wholesaler, and lead firms; productivity consistency and quality in the upstream sector; and climate change. This research will examine the cocoa industry in Bali using the Hexagon Model for LED and also analyze the upstream-downstream process of the Balinese cocoa industry. The objective of this article is to examine how the Hexagon model for LED in the Balinese cocoa industry can further activate local economic activities and form a resilient and sustainable local economy. The local government has established regulations for the protection of cocoa farmers in collaboration with Kalimajari and Udayana University, however, optimization in implementing the regulations still need to be done, especially in the government sector
Global Value Chain Analysis on PT Batik Keris Surakarta Anisa Risanti Suhita; Ferdian Ahya Al Putra; Gregorius Bunga Nanda Jiwa
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i1.2462

Abstract

Batik is an Indonesian cultural heritage that has been recognized by The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In addition to cultural heritage, many Indonesian people live through Batik crafts. Batik Keris is one of the Lead Firms in the Batik industries in Surakarta, even in Indonesia, where it plays an important role in the Batik industry and also in preserving Batik itself. This study examines the global value chain of PT. Batik Keris and their role as Lead Firm in the Batik industry and their relationship with the Surakarta City Government program. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by applying the Global Value Chain Concept introduced by Gerry Gereffi (2016). Meanwhile, the data was obtained through interviews with related sources and literature studies. The results show that Batik Keris has implemented an upgrade strategy ranging from design, use of technology, to carry out various activities such as fashion shows and Batik Carnival. Keywords: Batik Industry, Batik Keris, Global Value Chain, Local Economic Development
Product Upgrading Analysis of Instant Coffee Industry: A Case Study of Kapal Api Group Asmia Inayah; Filasafia Marsya Ma’rifat; Maula Hudaya; Rizky Anggia Putri
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i2.2489

Abstract

Kapal Api Group as the lead firm of the coffee industry in Indonesia has become one of the main players in the global value chain. This achievement cannot be separated from the upgrading strategy implemented by Kapal Api from upstream to downstream. This research examines the global value chain of PT Kapal Api Global by analyzing the upgrading strategy that focuses on functional upgrading and intersectoral upgrading. Besides that, this research also further reviews how the company synergizes with government and non-governmental actors, as well as explores the implementation of domestic and international norms at PT Kapal Api Global. Through all the information and data obtained, the authors also provide four upgrading solutions or recommendations that can be implemented by PT Kapal Api Global in the future, such as product innovation and expansion, involvement of cultural elements, marketing strategies abroad, and cooperation with non-governmental organizations.
Impact of the ‘Brussels Effect’ on Indonesian Palm Oil Exports to the European Union Trystanto
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i2.2652

Abstract

Even though the EU may lack sufficient coercive economic and military power, it is considered to be one of the "regulatory powers" of the world with the capacity to export its laws and regulations outside its frontier. However, this exercise of regulatory power has resulted in conflicts with other nations around the world as it could directly affect other nations' trade, most notably Indonesia's palm oil exports to the EU. This study examines the effect of the EU's regulatory powers (i.e., the 'Brussels effect') on Indonesia's palm oil export to the EU. This study uses a comparative and descriptive approach by comparing Indonesia's palm oil exports to the EU and charting the amount and dollar value of palm oil exports from Indonesia to the EU from the year 2013 until 2019. This article finds that the Brussels effect has reduced 42% of Indonesian palm oil exports to the EU in 2016, compared to the previous year. In spite of this, the total volume of Indonesia's palm oil export remains relatively unaffected, although the dollar value has not yet recovered due to the fluctuating nature of crude palm oil prices.
Middle Powers and The Global Data Governance Irfan Ardhani
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i2.3442

Abstract

Despite the recent rapid increase in data flows across borders, the world has not reached a consensus on how to regulate this issue. Different approaches adopted by governments across the world have made a lot of analysts imagine the future of global data governance pessimistically. Two dominant approaches, data openness and data protectionism, show how different interests of great powers affect the way in which they regulate data flows. The previous literature suggests that during the rising tension between great powers, middle powers may have an opportunity to bridge differences so that the world may reach a consensus upon a specific issue. This paper, in turn, analyses the role of middle powers in advancing the agenda to establish global data governance. Using the framework of pattern of middle powers’ behaviour from Cooper, Higgot, and Nossal (1993), this paper scrutinizes Australia’s role in JSI on E-commerce and Indonesia’s role in G20 to further the process of establishing global data governance. This paper finds that Indonesia shows a more limited role than Australia in spearheading governance of data flows across the globe.
The Analysis of South Korean Gastrodiplomacy Towards the Increases of South Korean Kimchi Export Arina Nihayati; Elyana Ade Pertiwi; Tri Inov Haripa
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i2.3607

Abstract

This research aims to provide the blueprint of how South Korea both state actors and nonstate actors involved in South Korea’s Gastrodiplomacy. This research will provide the details of South Korea government implementation of “Kimchi Diplomacy” in the world and the increases of South Korean Kimchi export. This research uses literature studies to collect all the information and data needed to answer Gastrodiplomacy impact on the South Korean economy. Gastrodiplomacy is a form of South Korea's soft power in promoting culinary culture, especially Kimchi. South Korea's strategy in introducing the world to their Kimchi commodity tends to be carried by people to people. In addition, Gastrodiplomacy is used by the South Korean government as a national branding to the world. This strategy has succeeded in improving the country's economic situation, especially the increase in exports of South Korean Kimchi commodities. South Korea's Kimchi exports have increased since 2011 and reached a tipping point to 144.51 million USD in 2020. This study indicates a relationship between South Korea's Gastrodiplomacy strategy and the improvement of the Kimchi commodity economy.
Governance and Upgrading Product: Study of Kopi Kenangan and Starbucks Ica Cahayani; Imam Fadhil Nugraha; M. Andi Pasha
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2021): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v6i2.3612

Abstract

This study was conducted to explain, first, the form of governance and upgrading between two coffee companies, namely Kopi Kenangan and Starbucks. Second, it would explain in detail the components of Starbucks governance that could be applied to Kopi Kenangan considering that Kopi Kenangan had a fairly high coffee quality but still requires development in terms of governance. This study uses the theory of governance and upgrading and the research method used is in-depth interviews and narrative review to explain and analyse the governance and upgrading of Kopi Kenangan and Starbucks. Based on the research, results showed that Starbucks Coffee had reached the world market, this was due to Starbucks governance which had undergone a commodification process. Starbucks was not only able to create a value chain in coffee-based beverages but could also reach the level of sustainability standards. Starbucks had good governance externally and internally. While Kopi Kenangan was a coffee company with distinctive coffee standards and must be able to compete with market standardization in the current era of globalization. Thus, Kopi Kenangan must be able to have governance like Starbucks which had a chain and high standards. In the context of upgrading analysis, the two coffee companies tended to have the same upgrading.
A Study of Circular Economy Awareness in University Students: The Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Rahmatika Dewi; Arfani, Junita Widiati; Didit Herawan
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2022): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v7i1.3702

Abstract

This study explores the university students’ awareness of the Circular Economy (CE) through the identification of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors (KAB). A quantitative method is applied by adopting the SDG survey questionnaire of Cifuentes-Faura that was developed using the 5Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Refurbish, Repair and Recycle) of the CE concept to measure the students’ KAB towards CE. A total of 110 students studying economics-related courses from two Indonesian universities participated in the survey and the statistical program SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis. The study found that the students’ awareness of the circular economy is higher in terms of knowledge (85.5%) than attitude (55.5%) and behavior (68.2%). In a way, the results of attitude and behavior show that students tend to buy new things instead of reusing/renting or repairing them. The female students' knowledge of CE is higher than male students, whereas their attitude and behaviour show similar results. Additionally, there is a correlation between knowledge and attitude, attitude and behavior, and knowledge and behavior, which means that the variables influence each other.
Contesting Intellectual Property Norms in Global Digital Economy Marwa
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2022): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v7i1.4736

Abstract

This study will analyze the dialectical interaction between the global South and North in redefining intellectual property (IP) norms in the digital era, specifically by situating them in norm contestation. The focus of research will be on Brazil and India on the one hand, while the United States and Japan on the other hand. These countries are chosen based on their significance in challenging and defending existing IP norms in various international fora, namely Joint Initiative on E-Commerce and G20. Drawing on constructivist theory, the study applies the concept of norm entrepreneurs and antipreneurs which are helpful in mapping out the different positions and strategies of these countries. The study will probe how Brazil and India, as norm entrepreneurs pursue a more flexible IP norm, while those of the antipreneurs, the U.S and Japan, seek more protective IP norms. Despite the uncertainties, these contestations provide opportunities for the global South to restructure the normative architecture of the intellectual property, though with limited success.
Plastic Packaging Waste Management by L’Oreal and Unilever: A Circular Economy Perspective Rizkovic, Ameral
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2022): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v7i1.4816

Abstract

The discussion on environmental conservation cannot be separated from the discussion about plastic waste, which has contributed to environmental disaster. The Circular Economy (CE) concept is a new breakthrough in the discussion of environmental conservation that bridges the gap between the economy and the environment. Through the lens of CE, companies have the responsibility to handle plastic packaging waste. This study seeks to observe the strategies made by the beauty industry companies (L'Oréal and Unilever) in managing plastic packaging waste from CE perspectives and the collaboration between companies, the government, and the community as three important actors in encouraging the implementation of CE in Indonesia. This topic will be analyzed from CE perspectives through a literature review sourced from books, journal articles, company annual reports, company profiles, environmental NGO reports, online articles, and various other sources. This research found that the beauty industry companies (L'Oréal and Unilever) have various programs and strategies to implement CE through handling plastic packaging waste. However, the implementation of these programs has minimal adoption of CE principles. In addition, to implement CE in Indonesia, it is necessary to improve the interaction between the three actors. The Triple Helix model becomes a reference for the interaction model between the three actors which emphasizes circulation from one institution to another to encourage dialogue and better understanding.

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