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INDONESIA
Journal of World Trade Studies
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 20876912     EISSN : 29859085     DOI : Dalam proses.
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
Journal of World Trade Studies (JWTS) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, and open access journal that engages with issues surrounding global trade, covering its political-economic, legal, socio-cultural, as well as applied and technical aspects. JWTS provides an in-depth and thought-provoking analysis of the world trading system designed and exercised at multilateral, plurilateral, regional, and bilateral levels. JWTS particularly focuses on analysing regimes that regulate and sustain the world trading system and examining important developments in the global trade landscape. JWTS welcomes manuscripts from academics and practitioners who employ interdisciplinary perspectives and focus on areas that are currently neglected or under-researched. By presenting a rigorous analysis, JWTS seeks to foster knowledge on global trade and assist policy-makers and trade negotiators in producing evidence-based trade policies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 68 Documents
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Does the Indonesian Automotive Industry Have What it Takes to Compete in Post 2015 AFTA? Muyanja Ssenyonga
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 3 No 1 (2012): Indonesian Position in International Trade
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v3i1.804

Abstract

This research examines the state of competitiveness of the Indonesian automotive Industry today; identify opportunities and challenges, facing the Indonesian automobile industry; address efforts made to develop the opportunities and address the challenges; and draw policy recommendations that are potent to address problems, obstacles, and challenges facing the automotive industry. The study primarily uses a qualitative research approach, and employs research methods including semi structured interviews, in depth interviews, literature review of government policies, reports, and statistics on automotive product production, sales volumes, contribution to the economy, exports and imports; research reports from the Agency for the Development and Application of Technology (BPPT); reports and statistics issued by the Association of Indonesia Automitive Industries (GAIKINDO), and the European Chamber of Commerce (Automotive Division). Findings show that Indonesian automotive industry and market posted strong growth of 10 percent during the 2007-2011 period. This is reflected in production and sales figures that have showed an upward trend in line with the general performance of the economy. The Indonesian automotive industry in some respects is ready for post 2015 ASEAN. This is discernible from a number of areas such as semi-skilled and skilled labor; a supportive regulatory framework that protects domestic automotive product manufacturers from unfair competition from ASEAN and non ASEAN manufacturers; improvement in government governance as reflected in rising transparency, some major inroads in corruption control, improvement in macroeconomic management which has created a low inflation, stable exchange rate, low national debt to GDP ratio, capital inflows, and the tax regime.
Kinerja Daya Saing Teh Indonesia di Pasar Internasional: Analisis Data Sekunder Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo; Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto; Sugiyarto; Setiawan Suryo K. J.
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 3 No 1 (2012): Indonesian Position in International Trade
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v3i1.805

Abstract

The purpose of this study is (1) to know the trend of tea production in several tea producing countries (2) to determine the trend of Indonesian tea export and (3) to determine the competitiveness of Indonesian tea in the international market. The data used in this study is a secondary data that analyzed with descriptive methods. Both the first and the second objectives of this study are analyzed by using the trend equation models with Least Square method. In determining the competitiveness of Indonesian tea, this study employs four analysis tools: RCA, RSCA, AR, and ISPs. The results show that (1) the trend of tea production in China, India, Sri Lanka, Kenya and Indonesia has increased from year to year (2) the trend of Indonesian tea export increased from year to year and (3) the competitiveness of Indonesian tea based on RCA shows that Indonesian tea commodity has a greater market share than the share of the world tea market. The RSCA index shows that Indonesian tea commodity has a comparative advantage thus eligible to be traded in the international market. The value ofAR suggests that the accelerated growth of Indonesian tea export commodities has not been able to follow the accelerated growth of tea imports in the world. Based on the number of ISP Indonesian tea commodities in the international market has reached the stage of maturation.
Dampak Agriculture on Agreement (AoA) terhadap Perdagangan Hortikultura Indonesia Jamhari; Agus Dwi Nugroho
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 3 No 1 (2012): Indonesian Position in International Trade
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v3i1.806

Abstract

The Indonesian trade in horticulture indicates that the value of imports is higher than the value of exports for raw or processed commodities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of import, the competitiveness and the factors that affect Indonesia's import of garlic, onions, potatoes and oranges. Type of data used in this study is secondary data from the years of 1991-2010. The analysis of competitiveness is based on Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Acceleration Ratio (AR). Error Correction Model (ECM) is utilized to investigate the factors affecting the import of Indonesian horticultural. The trend in Indonesian garlic, onions, potatoes and oranges import has showed an increase. However, Indonesia has a low competitiveness and acceleration export of garlic, onions, potatoes and oranges. The results also shows that the availability of garlic per capita affects the import of garlic. Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) policies significantly affect the import of garlic and onion. While the ratio of the price of domestic products with international product prices affect the import of all commodities.
Peluang dan Tantangan Sektor Jasa Konstruksi Indonesia dalam AFAS Muhammad Fawaiq; Ranni Resnia
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 3 No 1 (2012): Indonesian Position in International Trade
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v3i1.807

Abstract

The role of trade in services becomes more important as its contribution to ASEAN countriesi GDP achieved 40 70% last year. Gradual liberalisation in service sector until 2015 creating opportunities in both outward and inward investments. This study aims to map commitment position of Indonesian trade in construction services on AFAS, to analyse conformity of Indonesian cornmitment on AFAS with existing related regulations, and to estimate performance of construction services firms. Methods used in this paper are Hoekman Index, descriptive analysis, and ROA and ROE to estimate construction firms performance toward competition. The results show that Indonesian'commitment on AFAS is at the same level as Malaysia and Cambodia, however lower than commitments of Singapore, Laos, Mycmmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, but it is higher than Brunei Darussalaam and the Philipines. Nevertheless, the study shows that Indonesian commitment is in accordance with the existing regulations. Lastly, the performance of consruction firms has been increasing since 2008 to 2011.
Dinamika Posisi dan Strategi Negosiasi Indonesia dalam Perundingan Pertanian di WTO Mira Sukmawati
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2015): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i2.818

Abstract

Negosiasi pertanian tidak mudah diselesaikan dalam forum multilateral, utamanya di WTO. Selama perundingan Doha, negara maju, negara berkembang dan negara kurang berkembang terbagi dalam koalisi yang berbeda. Hal ini terjadi karena mereka memiliki posisi yang saling bertentangan satu dengan yang lainnya. Indonesia, sebagai salah satu negara berkembang juga memperjuangkan posisinya untuk menyeimbangkan kepentingannya dalam isu pertanian. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa dalam memperjuangkan kepentingannya, Indonesia menggunakan strategi integrative. Strategi ini digunakan Indonesia sebagai upaya untuk mengkompromikan dua kepentingan berbeda yang ingin dicapai yaitu mendorong terbukanya akses pasar yang lebih luas namun tetap memperjuangkan penggunaan subsidi domestik dan subsidi ekspor serta perlakuan khusus dan berbeda bagi negara berkembang. Negosiasi integratif ini ditunjukkan Indonesia melalui keterlibatannya dalam koalisi perdagangan yang berbeda, yaitu bergabung dengan Cairns Group yang memperjuangkan akses pasar dan mendorong liberalisasi pertanian dan di sisi lain juga menjadi bagian dari koalisi G- 20 dan G-33 yang memperjuangkan perlakukan khusus bagi negara berkembang.
The Formation of Bilateral FTA in Political-Economic Perspective: Comparing the US and the Japanese Model of FTA Siti Daulah Khoiriati
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2013): Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Trade Relations at the Regional Level
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v4i1.821

Abstract

The formation of bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) has proliferated in various regions since the United States (US) initiated the formation of NAFTA in 1992. What was striking from the phenomenon was that many FTAs were formed between developed and developing countries not only regionally but also cross-regionally. In fact, only a fraction of initiated FTAs successfully delivered the expectations of the parties involved. Conversely, it tended to yield unequal economic benefit to the parties. This has raised the question of: why states rush to jump on FTA bandwagon? Many analysts argued that states form bilateral FTA for the sake of reputation without considering much the consequences derived from such arrangements. This article examines the motives, interests, and preferences of states in forming FTA using political-economic approach, to clarify the determinants of FTA formation. Presenting the case of the United States (US) and Japan—two influential advanced economy states in international trade— this article took the US FTA model and the Japanese FTA model into considerations, provided analytical explanations on the political-economic reasons behind the devel¬oped countries' initiative to form FTA, and its implications for developing countries.
Cumulative Rules of Origin for Closer Economic Integration: ASEAN Single Market Perspective Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2013): Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Trade Relations at the Regional Level
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v4i1.823

Abstract

Globalisation causes complexity in the determination of the origin of goods. The basic concept of the rule of origin is to identify the "nationality" of goods. In this regard, the "nationality" of goods imposes the legal consequence of trade policy instruments that are applied to the goods. In order to determine such "nationality',) there are legal or administrative requirements that must be fulfilled by the traders, known as origin criteria. There are various types of preferential rules of origin depending on the agreement of the contracting parties under the Regional Integration Agreements, or RIAs. The rules of origin can be different from country to country since here is no binding agreement or international standard governing preferential rules of origin. The rules of origin govern cross border goods movement in international trade relations. The rules of origin are not applied to goods or products that are manufactured and sold inside the country itself The rules of origin influence investment and production decisions. The production decision includes the "production factor" and "profit maximising firms': One of the production factors is the source materials of the goods. Production efficiency is influenced by the use of good quality materials with the lowest price. This factor triggers the establishment of the free trade agreement or preferential trade agreement between potential trading partners.
The Authorization of Cross-Agreement Retaliation for Ecuador in the Banana Dispute I Gede Ketut Catur Bimantara Suberata
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2013): Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Trade Relations at the Regional Level
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v4i1.826

Abstract

The formation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 was a step forward to a more organized and rule-binding universal trade regime. The WTO is acknowledged as a rule-oriented institution as it implements a detailed and binding dispute settlement mechanism, for which most developing countries are appreciative. Nevertheless, this mechanism does not overcome the age-old question of how developing countries should go about ensuing developed nations comply with the WTO's rulings. The notion of cross-agreement retaliation is discussed in the article as a possible solution to the aforementioned problem. Cross-agreement retaliation, also commonly known as cross retaliation, enables developing countries to suspend concessions in different agreements, especially in relation to the agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which provides crucial concessions for developed countries. Using the most well-known WTO dispute, the Banana War, this article examines the crucial role of cross retaliation. In that case, Ecuador, one of the plaintiffs, was granted the right to cross-retaliate under the TRIPS agreement, yet despite the authorization, it did not enforce its right and subsequently the case dragged on for years. This begs the question of why Ecuador refrained from implementing its right. The instrument of cross retaliation may be used as a precedent for future disputes involving developing countries in the WTO. This article analyzes the reason for Ecuador's decision by examining the complexity of cross-retaliation implementation, the true nature of cross-retaliation, and other significant contributing factors to the dispute.
Ekonomi Politik Tembakau: Kemampuan Industri Tembakau Multinasional dalam Memengaruhi Kebijakan Tobacco Control di Indonesia Sevy Kusdianita; Primadiana Yunita
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 1 (2015): Domestic Politics and International Trade Policy
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i1.833

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang menduduki peringkat teratas mengenai jumlah perokok. Di samping itu, jumlah hasil produksi tembakau yang beredar di Indonesia juga termasuk tinggi. Jumlah yang tinggi dalam produksi tembakau merupakan akumulasi dari produksi tembakau perusahaan dalam negeri maupun produksi tembakau perusahaan multinasional yang berinvestasi di perusahaan dalam negeri. Tulisan ini bertujuan menguraikan dan menganalisis mengenai kekuatan industri tembakau multinasional dalam mengintervesi kebijakan tobacco control di Indonesia. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa industri tembakau multinasional dapat mengintervensi kebijakan tobacco control di suatu negara, terutama di negara dunia ketiga. Intervensi yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan tembakau multinasional tersebut dikarenakan oleh dua kekuatan yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan multinasional pada umumnya, yakni relational power dan structural power. Kekuatan tersebut telah terbukti mampu memberikan keuntungan bagi industri tembakau multinasional yang ada di Indonesia serta kepada negara asal industri tembakau multinasional tersebut.
Kegagalan Ja-Zenchu dalam Mempertahankan Kebijakan Proteksionisme Pertanian Jepang Menghadapi Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Swastaji Agung Rahmadi
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 5 No 1 (2015): Domestic Politics and International Trade Policy
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v5i1.835

Abstract

Sektor pertanian Jepang diwarnai oleh kebijakan proteksionisme yang diberikan oleh pemerintah kepada kelompok petani. Produktivitas yang rendah serta kekuatan politik dari kelompok kepentingan bernama JA-Zenchu menjadi salah satu penyebab eksistensi kebijakan proteksionisme pertanian. Kemenangan partai LDP dalam pemilu tahun 2012 pada mulanya disambut positif oleh masyarakat ekonomi Jepang agar dapat merevitalisasi ekonomi nasional. Namun pada 15 Maret 2013, rezim LDP di bawah PM Shinzo Abe menyatakan secara resmi partisipasi Jepang di dalam negosiasi perdagangan bebas Trans Pacific Partnership yang mengagendakan liberalisasi dan deregulasi seluruh sektor ekonomi, tidak terkecuali sektor pertanian. Keputusan ini mengejutkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan terutama JA-Zenchu sebagai kelompok kepentingan dari petani. Pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan oleh artikel ada dua antara lain (1) mengapa JA-Zenchu gagal memengaruhi pemerintah untuk menolak partisipasi Jepang dalam TPP? serta (2) apa implikasi kegagalan JA-Zenchu dalam memengaruhi keputusan Jepang menolak TPP?. Artikel ini akan menggunakan konsep gaiatsu in Japanese policy making oleh Aurelia George Mulgan dalam menganalisis pertanyaan penelitian artikel ini.

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