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Riza Noer Arfani
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INDONESIA
Journal of World Trade Studies
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 20876912     EISSN : 29859085     DOI : Dalam proses.
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
Journal of World Trade Studies (JWTS) is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary, and open access journal that engages with issues surrounding global trade, covering its political-economic, legal, socio-cultural, as well as applied and technical aspects. JWTS provides an in-depth and thought-provoking analysis of the world trading system designed and exercised at multilateral, plurilateral, regional, and bilateral levels. JWTS particularly focuses on analysing regimes that regulate and sustain the world trading system and examining important developments in the global trade landscape. JWTS welcomes manuscripts from academics and practitioners who employ interdisciplinary perspectives and focus on areas that are currently neglected or under-researched. By presenting a rigorous analysis, JWTS seeks to foster knowledge on global trade and assist policy-makers and trade negotiators in producing evidence-based trade policies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 68 Documents
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The Impact of UPOV 1991 on Plant Variety Protection and Agricultural Innovation: Comparing Case Studies of Singapore and Japan Andi Faradilla Ayu Lestari; Siti Subeqiyatun Attitoh; Aulia Rahmatin Masyhuri; Resti Nurfitriyani; Rizqi Sari Dewi Girsang; Junyta Iswari Adhiwidya
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 1 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i1.12774

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the comparative implementation of UPOV 1991 as a form of international compliance and its impact in Singapore and Japan. The findings of this research reveal that Singapore ratified UPOV 1991 in 2004 and implemented it in the Plant Varieties Protection Act 2004. Meanwhile, Japan ratified UPOV 1991 in 1998 and implemented it in the amendments to the Plant Variety Protection and Seed Act 1978. It provides a 25-year protection guarantee for plant breeders, and the adoption of UPOV 1991 also has various other impacts on Singapore and Japan. Singapore has made notable strides in the agricultural innovation sector and is more actively involved in international cooperation addressing developing effective plant variety protection systems. As for Japan, a more efficient framework for the use of IPR, which increases the competitiveness of domestic agriculture, has been established, and innovation in plant variety testing technology continues to experience advancements that bring numerous benefits to local farmers.
Effectiveness of Government Intervention in Regulating Tax and Incentives Towards Indonesia’s Blue Economy Sustainability Nur Rachma Fitriani; Rahayu, Alita Indah; Paramartha, Herlina Rifa
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 1 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i1.20066

Abstract

Indonesia is now focusing on developing more inclusive and sustainable economic growth in the maritime sector. The potential of Indonesia’s marine resources has become the focus of transformation in terms of implementing the blue economy framework. The tourism and maritime sectors are among the largest contributors to the Indonesian economy. However, the analysis and application of the blue economy to the socio-economy of coastal communities have still not received much attention. Previous research on this topic is still limited, particularly regarding the impact of related policies and regulations. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of government intervention in imposed tax and incentive provisions as leading factors for implementing a sustainable blue economy. This paper also aims to analyze further the potential and challenges in developing Indonesia’s marine economy. This paper will use the methodology of secondary data analysis and case studies with the approach of public economics. The findings of this paper are recommendations for policy reform to support the blue economy transition in Indonesia, such as mobilizing incentives, developing better resource management systems, and strengthening institutional capacity.
WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies: Is It Enough to Combat IUU Fishing in Asia-Pacific? Jessica Ester
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i2.10931

Abstract

Government subsidies on fisheries are supposed to provide welfare and development for the country. Nevertheless, some government subsidies contribute to a more fisheries crisis, including Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated fishing (IUU Fishing). Subsidies in the fisheries sectors were estimated in 2018 to be as high as $35.4 billion worldwide, of which an estimated $22 billion qualified as harmful subsidies. Therefore, the World Trade Organization (WTO) in June 2022 adopted the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies (AFS) to end prohibited fisheries subsidies. Henceforth, two-thirds of WTO members must deposit their instruments of acceptance to make the agreement viable. This normative legal research will utilize primary and secondary legal materials. The author intends to analyze these materials with a statutory and historical approach to examine (i) subsidy issues resulting in IUU Fishing, (ii) the AFS and its urgency, and (iii) whether AFS is sufficient to eliminate IUU fishing - in the Asia-Pacific region. This article argues that the AFS needs to be enforced to reduce harmful subsidies. However, the AFS is still not sufficient to thoroughly combat IUU fishing in the Asia-Pacific region, as it does not regulate certain issues such as overfishing and overcapacity, as well as banned fuel subsidies.
The Wealth of Maritime Country and the Welfare of Coastal People: Between Imagination and Reality Setiawan, Rahmad Fahreza; Wahyu Akbar, Wahyu Akbar
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i2.10939

Abstract

Indonesia is dubbed a maritime country because its water area is larger than its land area and consists of many islands. Indonesia's natural resources on land alone are already abundant, let alone the vast water areas that hold even more wealth of resources that can be utilized. However, do dreams and facts about the richness of marine resources correlate? This article discusses the welfare of coastal communities, opportunities, and challenges in optimizing the utilization of marine resources. Nearly 40 million people live in coastal areas, raising the question of why they have a low level of welfare despite this great potential. This article outlines the factors causing the low welfare of coastal communities and the associated challenges. Indonesia has a great opportunity to improve the welfare of coastal communities and the Indonesian economy through proper and effective management of marine resources if the challenges are overcome. With this article, it is hoped that readers can understand and actively contribute to maximizing the utilization of marine resources for every element of society. Library Research is the research method used with a descriptive approach to produce outputs that are easily understood by various groups. This article shows the vast potential and opportunities that marine resources hold for society and the economy in Indonesia if utilized effectively and efficiently.
Marine Waste Reduction in the European Union: The Potential of Bioplastic Policy Rahmat, Rhin Khairina; Atiya Nahda Fadilla; Izzatinnisa
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i2.10942

Abstract

The accumulation of marine plastic waste represents a significant global environmental pollution issue. The European Union is a regional organisation that has implemented a marine plastic waste management strategy. This is due to the amount of waste on European beaches, which is dominated by about 50% of single-use plastics. The policy implemented by the European Union is to pay attention to the use of recyclable plastics including plastic processing strategies through the EU Plastic Strategy in 2018. Thus, this research aims to explain the EU's opportunity to implement bioplastics through single-use plastic policies that can reduce marine plastic waste. This research will be explained through analysis of the diffusion of innovation theory from Everett M. Rogers. Based on the implementation, the European Union can be a benchmark in plastic waste management to achieve a balance of sustainable development in the economic, environmental and social sectors. This is because the European Union has qualified policy development through the Single Use Plastic policy and the EU Policy Framework of Biobased, Biodegradable and Compostable Plastics.
The Urgency of WTO Reform: Impact of Nickel Dispute (DS529) on Indonesia Nickel Trade Meichella, Aziizah; Diningrat, Aqil; Gurnita, Ni Luh; Akim, Akim
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i2.11463

Abstract

This paper examines the need for reform of the WTO dispute settlement body and a comprehensive review of the organization’s structure. It examines the main reasons behind the reform urgencies by examining dysfunctions occurring in the dispute settlement procedure. This paper further argues that the structural and functional problems of WTO could disrupt Indonesia's trade relation with the European Union and the export of nickel raw materials around the world, and therefore worth solving. Due to its complex nature, the paper admits the complications rising within the domestic trade and the bureaucracy. This paper will specifically break down the problem, address the actors, and describe the reason behind the problem's persistence. Furthermore, instead of simply looking back at the phenomenon, this paper investigates the solutions made by the government through mass media. This paper finds that the main problem lies between the internal affairs of the WTO, thus the recommendations: (i) review of the entire WTO structure's function; (ii) eliminate special treatment provisions that disadvantage developing countries; and (iii) restructure the dispute settlement body. In addition, this paper presents Indonesia’s efforts in repairing the impacted nickel trade by road-mapping investments with foreign private sectors, as well as strategizing MPIA to settle this dispute during the downstreaming implementation and reformation process.
Batam City’s Competitive Position as an Investment Destination in the Southeast Asia Region in 2021-2022 Annisa Aqila Azza; Agustinus Moruk Taek
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i2.18357

Abstract

The increase in investment in Batam during the 2021–2022 period has reinforced Indonesia's position as a leading investment destination in Southeast Asia. As a Special Economic Zone and Free Trade Area, Batam offers a range of investment incentives, continuously developing infrastructure, and investment-friendly economic policies. This article aims to identify Batam’s strategic position as an investment destination within the Southeast Asian region. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method, utilizing a literature review approach and secondary data analysis obtained from the Badan Pengusahaan Batam (BP Batam). The findings indicate that Batam experienced a significant increase in realized investment despite the global challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Key factors driving this growth include the city's expanding infrastructure, pro-investment government policies, and high economic competitiveness, all of which have contributed to enhancing Batam’s investment appeal and strengthening its position in Southeast Asia. This success presents a model that may be replicated in other regions by reinforcing regulatory reforms, infrastructure development, and digital service delivery, thereby fostering a more inclusive and sustainable investment climate.
China’s Utilization of the Paris Agreement’s ‘CBDR-RC’ Principle Through the Role of Identity Avathari, Putu Audrey Shasika
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 10 No 1 (2025): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v10i1.22399

Abstract

This study examines China’s utilization of the Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) Principle to justify its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. As the world’s largest carbon emitter and a major economic power, China faces mounting international pressure to undertake ambitious climate commitments, especially after its NDCs are evaluated as ‘insufficient’ in meeting the Paris Agreement 1.5C goal. Through the Constructivist lens of International Regime Theory, this study explores how China uses the role of identity to institutionalize CBDR-RC in the Paris Agreement, where China uses its type identity as a developing nation and role identity as the leader of the Global South to shape climate negotiations; it also forms a collective identity with the Global South countries through alliances to promote the institutionalisation of the CBDR-RC principle. Using the methods of Political Discourse Analysis and Process Tracing, this study highlights China’s active role in institutionalizing CBDR-RC in the Paris Agreement to ensure the rights to differentiated climate obligations and preferential treatment for developing nations in the climate regime, which ultimately allows China to justify its NDCs under the CBDR-RC principle through the logic of appropriateness.

Page 7 of 7 | Total Record : 68

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