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Patricia Wulandari
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Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 29871530     EISSN : 29871530     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjfm
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology
Focus Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal (SJFM) focused on the development of medical sciences especially forensic and medicolegal for human well-being. Scope Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal (SJFM) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of forensic-medicolegal and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case reports, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Patologi dan Kedokteran Kesehatan
Articles 32 Documents
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Review of Forensic Autopsy Evidence in Proving the Crime of Murder: A Narrative Literature Review Siregar, Diah Ayu
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v1i1.229

Abstract

An autopsy or post-mortem is a medical examination procedure performed on a person's body after death to find out the cause of death or other medical conditions that can be identified from the deceased's body. This literature review aimed to describe a forensic autopsy review on the crime of murder. To be able to prove that a crime has been committed a forensic autopsy is used to prove whether the crime actually occurred or not. Forensic autopsy evidence is used to facilitate judges in making decisions and to expedite the course of proceedings in court so that the truth can be proven. Forensic autopsies are performed for criminal and legal investigation purposes. This autopsy can help identify the cause of a person's death, as well as gather evidence and information needed to assist the investigation process. The specific goals of a forensic autopsy are to study the cause of death of a person, gather evidence, identify victims, assist in criminal investigations and identify signs of violence. A forensic autopsy aims to reveal a cause of death for a person and for legal/court purposes.
A Review of Barotrauma from Diving: A Narrative Literature Review Nasution, Indra Santoso
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v1i1.230

Abstract

Barotrauma is a trauma or wound that occurs in the organs of the body due to sudden changes in air pressure around either change in pressure in the air or underwater. This literature review aimed to describe barotrauma from a traumatology perspective. In the case of barotrauma, the pathophysiology will follow Boyle's law. Namely, there is a relationship between the volume of gas in a closed room and the surrounding environment. Barotrauma that occurs when the pressure drops are called a squeeze. Squeeze events occur when there is a space filled with air and a membrane with a supply of blood flow from arteries and veins and experience a sudden change in pressure. Manifestations of barotrauma can also occur in the teeth, spine, and joints due to sharp and rapid changes in pressure. Damage to the teeth can occur because air is trapped in the teeth or because the teeth are sensitive to pressure. Damage to the spine and joints can occur because the pressure causes the vertebral discs to shift or damage the joint tissue. In conclusion, barotrauma is damage caused by pressure differences in the body, especially in the ears, lungs, and sinuses. Deaths from barotrauma are commonly associated with diving, especially freediving and gear diving.
Medicolegal Aspects and Sperm Examination Procedures in Rape Cases: A Narrative Literature Review Budiman, Fahmi; Gabriella, Maria; Christabel, Michaela; Hariadi
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v1i1.231

Abstract

Sexual violence is usually a covert case where the witnesses are the victim and the perpetrator. For various reasons, even victims may not be able to provide complete information about the perpetrator or the identity of the rapist. With limited initial information, physical and biological evidence found from victims, crime scenes, and perpetrators will play an important role in the objective and scientific reconstruction of the incident. This literature review aimed to describe various sperm examination methods and medicolegal aspects of rape cases. Identification of one or more intact spermatozoa is conclusive evidence of the presence of semen, further confirming sexual contact. The conditions and the sperm collection area play an important role in determining the time interval between deposition and sample collection. Examination of spermatozoa can be done without staining and with staining. Examination of semen can be done by examination (tactile, visual, UV light, acid phosphatase reagent, zinc spot test, and baecchi stain).
Review of Medicolegal Aspects of Domestic Violence: A Narrative Literature Review Putri, Fiely Karisma; Putri, Anggi Mutia; Artanto, Andika Agus; Kirana, Sigid; Setyawati, Niken
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v1i1.232

Abstract

Domestic violence is a very specific problem because domestic violence occurs at all levels of society, starting from the status community social from low to high social status. Most victims of domestic violence are women, whether wives or daughters, and the perpetrators are usually husbands or other subordinates in the household. This literature review aimed to describe the review of medicolegal aspects of domestic violence. Types of violence can be in the form of acts of physical, psychological, or sexual violence and neglect of the household. Physical violence is a physical act committed against another person or group that results in physical, sexual, and psychological harm. The factors that cause violence against women in the household, especially those perpetrated by husbands against wives, are the existence of an unequal power relationship between husband and wife, economic dependence, violence is used as a tool to resolve conflict, and competition between husband and wife. In conclusion, domestic violence is a form of violence against women because victims of domestic violence are generally women. Violence against women means violence that violates women's human rights, which also means violence that violates human rights.
Reading the Epigenetic Clock: A Comparative Analysis of DNA Methylation Markers for Age Estimation in Semen, Saliva, and Touch DNA Febria Suryani; Bryan Helsey; Leonardo Simanjuntak; Karina Chandra; Mustafa Mahmud; Lisha Sandrina; Ahmad Erza
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i1.233

Abstract

Background. Predicting an individual's age from biological evidence is a significant advance in forensic intelligence. DNA methylation, a stable epigenetic mark, provides the molecular basis for epigenetic clocks, but their operational reliability requires validation across diverse sample types and populations, particularly for low-template touch DNA. Objective. To develop and validate body-fluid-specific age prediction models from a curated five-CpG panel in semen, saliva and touch DNA, and to compare their accuracy in an Indonesian population. Methods. Following approval from the Ethical Committee of CMHC Indonesia (No. 128/EC/CMHC/2023), 150 healthy Indonesian male volunteers aged 18–65 provided semen, saliva and high-yield standardized touch DNA. Methylation at five CpG sites (ELOVL2, FHL2, TRIM59, KCNQ1DN, C1orf132) was quantified by controlled pyrosequencing after bisulfite conversion with efficiency controls. Body-fluid-specific models were built by multiple linear regression and validated by 10-fold cross-validation. Results. The semen and saliva models were highly accurate, with mean absolute deviations of 3.19 years (R²=0.94) and 3.55 years (R²=0.92). The touch DNA model was less precise but still informative (MAD 5.49 years, R²=0.85). All models satisfied the assumptions of linear regression, with variance inflation factors below 2.5, and 95% prediction intervals were narrowest for semen. Conclusion. The panel is validated for age prediction in a Southeast Asian population. The semen and saliva models are accurate enough for consideration in casework, while the touch DNA model, interpreted cautiously, can generate investigative leads from trace evidence. The findings underline the importance of tissue-specific modeling and provide a methodological blueprint for responsible forensic age estimation.
Failure to Palpate and Failure to Image: Quantifying Standard-of-Care Departure in Fatal Delayed Intracranial Foreign Body Diagnosis, Indonesia Aisyah Andina Rasyid; Priscilla Kapoor; Febria Suryani
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.247

Abstract

Background. Retained intracranial foreign bodies in patients alert at a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 15 are a rare, lethal and medicolegally exposed failure in Indonesian assault casework, yet the share attributable to specific documentable procedural omissions is unquantified. Methods. This retrospective multi-centre cohort examined 45 confirmed retained intracranial foreign bodies identified from 1,240 mild traumatic brain injury presentations (prevalence 3.63%, 95% CI 2.72–4.82) at three trauma centres in North Sumatra, Indonesia, 2019–2023, per STROBE. Diagnosis beyond 24 hours was the pre-specified outcome. With only aggregate data, inference used Fisher exact tests, exact conditional and Firth-penalised odds ratios with profile penalised-likelihood intervals, Holm multiplicity control, and partial identification of the multivariable model across 4,000 admissible joint arrangements. Results. Diagnosis was delayed in 14 of 45 cases (31.1%, 95% CI 19.5–45.7). Failure to palpate the wound bed carried an exact conditional odds ratio of 29.86 (4.79–281.0; p < 0.001) and computed tomography non-adherence 20.88 (3.57–174.7; p < 0.001). As a bedside marker, palpation failure achieved sensitivity 78.6%, specificity 90.3% and area under the curve 0.844; the attributable fraction was 76.3% (50.8–96.1) with an E-value of 11.18. Adjusted odds ratios were bounded, not estimated, because aggregate marginal data cannot identify a multivariable model. Conclusion. Two zero-cost omissions dominate a fatal diagnostic failure; recording wound-bed palpation and the imaging decision is clinically protective and, under KUHAP Articles 133 and 179 and Law No. 17 of 2023, is what a visum et repertum requires.
Neural Network Versus Stepwise Regression for Forensic Stature Estimation from Percutaneous Tibial Dimensions in South Sumatran Malay Adults Sari Sulistyoningsih; Abu Bakar; Eduardo Michael Perez; Ifah Shandy
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.248

Abstract

Background. Stature estimation from skeletal elements underpins forensic biological profiling and is decisive in disaster victim identification, yet no validated osteometric standard exists for the South Sumatran Malay population, and stepwise regression assumes a linearity that skeletal growth biology does not obey. Methods. 450 healthy South Sumatran Malay adults (225 male, 225 female) aged 20-50 years were enrolled at CMHC Research Center, Palembang, and reported per STROBE. Five percutaneous right-tibial dimensions were measured by one certified anthropologist under the Martin and Saller convention (all relative technical errors of measurement below 1.5%), and a stratified 70:30 partition withheld 135 observations for testing. Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) was compared against a grid-search-optimised 5-64-32-16-1 multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN). Results. Sexual dimorphism was large for every dimension (Cohen's d 1.42-1.75; all p < 0.001). Percutaneous tibial length was the strongest single predictor (males r = 0.812, 95% CI 0.762-0.852). The calibration-corrected pooled regression reached R2 = 0.742 with RMSE ±4.82 cm, whereas the network reached R2 = 0.914 (95% CI 0.891-0.933) and RMSE ±2.78 cm — ΔR2 = 0.172 (bootstrap 95% CI 0.141-0.203), a 23.2% gain in explained variance and a 42.3% reduction in error that narrows the 95% forensic identification window from ±9.45 cm to ±5.45 cm. Conclusion. These first population-specific, artificial-intelligence-driven standards materially improve the biological profiling of incomplete human remains in Indonesian medicolegal and disaster victim identification practice.
Comprehension as the Gatekeeper of Valid Surgical Consent: A Cross-Sectional Medicolegal Analysis of 320 High-Risk Indonesian Surgical Patients Mustafa Mahmud; Cinthya Callathea; Yi-Fen Huang; Delia Tamim
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.249

Abstract

Background. Documented consent without demonstrable comprehension is medicolegally insufficient, yet comprehension-based informed consent (IC) failure in collectivistic surgical populations is largely unquantified. Methods. This study was a cross-sectional assessed IC efficacy among 320 consecutive adults undergoing high-risk elective surgery (ASA physical status III–IV) at Private Hospital X, Palembang, Indonesia, in 2024, reported per STROBE. Six instruments standardised to 0–100 were administered, including the IC Comprehension Score (ICCS) and the five-domain composite IC Efficacy Score (ICE); adequacy was ICE ≥ 70. Exact intervals and permutation tests, effect sizes, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve recovered from Mann–Whitney U statistics, E-values, fragility indices, standardisation and a partial-identification audit were added. Results. Only 19 of 320 patients (5.9%, 95% CI 3.6–9.1) achieved adequate IC efficacy, below both published comparators reporting an explicit adequacy proportion (exact binomial P < 0.001 versus 14.0% and versus 35.8%); standardisation to lower-education distributions reduced this to 2.74–3.79%, so 5.9% is an upper bound. Adequacy rose monotonically across educational strata from 0.0% to 13.3% (exact Cochran–Armitage z = 3.66, P = 0.0003; tertiary versus secondary education or below, odds ratio 8.27, 95% CI 2.36–29.00; E-value 14.29; fragility index 8). ICCS was the only independent predictor in an exploratory multivariable model with 2.71 events per variable (odds ratio 13.75 per SD, 95% CI 3.32–56.92), an association partly constitutive because comprehension is one ICE domain. Neither family influence nor collectivism predicted adequacy. Conclusion. Comprehension, not cultural collectivism, gates valid surgical consent.
Sociocultural Determinants of Clinical Autopsy Refusal and Their Medicolegal Impact on Diagnostic Accuracy in Indonesian Tertiary Hospitals: A Retrospective Cohort Study Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Riri Arisanty Syafril Lubis; Franklin Shane; Lisye Tiur Simanjuntak
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.252

Abstract

Background. Clinical autopsy is the only procedure that verifies antemortem diagnosis against pathological truth, yet in Indonesian tertiary hospitals refusal is the norm and neither its determinants nor its medicolegal consequences are quantified. Methods. This STROBE-reported retrospective cohort study analysed 324 consecutive adult in-hospital deaths across three tertiary referral hospitals in Palembang, South Sumatra, from 2019 to 2023. The primary outcome was next-of-kin refusal of autopsy consent; secondary outcomes were Goldman-class diagnostic discrepancy and time to correct diagnosis, censored at day 90. Proportions carry Wilson intervals; tests were checked against Monte-Carlo exact methods, ordinal exposures against trend tests and multiplicity against Benjamini-Hochberg. Results. Refusal was 84.0% (272/324; 95% CI 79.6-87.5) and did not differ across hospitals (p = 0.330). Javanese ethnicity carried the strongest association (94.3% versus 77.7%; OR 4.71, 95% CI 2.05-10.82), with monotonic gradients across education (trend z = -3.87, p < 0.001) and income (z = -2.84, p = 0.005) and refusal concentrated among the disadvantaged (Wagstaff index -0.312). Religious affiliation showed no association (p = 0.290; Cramér's V = 0.108). Any diagnostic discrepancy was commoner after refusal (61.4% versus 36.5%; OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.49-5.11), whereas the major-discrepancy contrast did not reach significance (26.1% versus 13.5%; OR 2.27, 95% CI 0.98-5.27; fragility index 1). Median time to correct diagnosis was 19 versus 5 days (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Autopsy refusal in Indonesia tracks ethnic mortuary practice and socioeconomic position rather than religious affiliation, redirecting policy towards ritual accommodation and mandatory mortality audit where consent is declined.
Age and Sex Associations With Body Mass Index in an Audited Postmortem CT Metadata Cohort Rachmat Hidayat; Muhammad Yoshandi
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v3i2.326

Abstract

Background. Open postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) repositories support forensic research, but record duplication and incomplete metadata can distort anthropometric inference. Objective. To examine age- and sex-related variation in body mass index (BMI) after curator-informed audit of VSDFullBody. Methods. We performed a retrospective secondary analysis of 105 metadata rows. A calibration phantom was excluded; seven concordant duplicate pairs were collapsed; both records from four duplicate pairs with conflicting metadata were excluded; curator data reconciled six sex labels and recovered 13 BMI values. The primary cohort comprised 89 decedents, including 83 complete cases. BMI was regressed on age per 10 years and audited biological sex using HC3 standard errors; bootstrap, duplicate-choice, robust-regression, leave-one-out, head-coverage, and missing-outcome sensitivity analyses assessed stability. Results. Mean BMI was 24.2 kg/m2. Each 10-year age increment was associated with 0.49 kg/m2 higher BMI (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05-0.93; p=0.029). Adjusted BMI was 2.58 kg/m2 higher in male than female decedents (95% CI, 0.18-4.99; p=0.036); the bootstrap 95% CI was 0.34-4.88. Sensitivity estimates retained the same direction. Conclusion. In this audited PMCT metadata cohort, age and male sex were associated with modestly higher BMI. Curator companion files materially increased analyzable completeness, supporting explicit metadata audit before reuse of open forensic imaging collections.

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