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Patricia Wulandari
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Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 29871530     EISSN : 29871530     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjfm
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology
Focus Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal (SJFM) focused on the development of medical sciences especially forensic and medicolegal for human well-being. Scope Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal (SJFM) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of forensic-medicolegal and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case reports, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Patologi dan Kedokteran Kesehatan
Articles 25 Documents
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Analysis of Ethics and Law in Handling Cases of Maternal and Newborn Mortality in Indonesia Agustina, Agustina; Jalaludin Harun
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i1.123

Abstract

Introduction: Maternal and newborn mortality (MBR) is a serious public health problem in Indonesia. Maternal and newborn mortality rates are still high, although they have shown a downward trend in recent years. The factors contributing to MBR are complex and multidimensional, including social, economic, cultural, and legal factors. This research aims to analyze ethics and law in handling cases of maternal and newborn mortality in Indonesia. Methods: This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data was collected through literature studies, interviews with 15 key informants, and analysis of policy documents. Results: The research results show that there are several ethical and legal dilemmas in handling cases of maternal and newborn mortality in Indonesia. These ethical dilemmas include informed consent, confidentiality, and end-of-life care. Legal dilemmas relate to patient rights, professional responsibilities, and death investigations. Conclusion: Ethical and legal analysis in handling cases of maternal and newborn mortality in Indonesia is very important to ensure that patients receive quality and dignified care. Increasing health workers' knowledge and understanding of ethical and legal aspects can help reduce maternal and newborn mortality rates in Indonesia.
Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Teeth for Identification of Natural Disaster Victims in Manila, Philippines Victoria, Maria
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i1.124

Abstract

Introduction: Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and hurricanes often cause significant loss of life and damage to infrastructure. Identification of victims of natural disasters is an important aspect in the recovery process and forensic investigation. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been proven to be an effective tool for individual identification due to its stable and maternally inherited nature. Teeth are an ideal source of DNA material for mtDNA analysis because they are durable against environmental degradation. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mtDNA analysis of teeth for identifying victims of natural disasters in Manila, Philippines. Methods: Dental samples were collected from identified natural disaster victims and their family members. Mitochondrial DNA was extracted from teeth and analyzed using PCR and DNA sequencing techniques. The results of the mtDNA analysis were compared with mtDNA data obtained from family members to confirm the victim's identity. Results: Analysis of mtDNA on teeth succeeded in identifying all victims of natural disasters identified in this study. The mtDNA analysis results were consistent with mtDNA data obtained from family members, indicating the effectiveness of this method for individual identification. Conclusion: Analysis of mtDNA in teeth is a valuable tool for the identification of victims of natural disasters. This method can help in the recovery process and forensic investigations after natural disasters.
The Role of Enzymatic Molecular Autopsy for Law Enforcement in Cyanide Poisoning Cases in Rabat, Morocco Meryem, Karima; Mustafa Yussef
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i1.125

Abstract

Introduction: Cyanide poisoning is a serious public health problem throughout the world, including in Morocco. Enzymatic molecular autopsy offers a powerful method for detecting and quantifying cyanide levels in body tissue, which can assist law enforcement in poisoning cases. Methods: This observational study was conducted on 112 research subjects who died from cyanide poisoning in Rabat, Morocco. An enzymatic molecular autopsy was performed to measure cyanide levels in the blood, liver, and brain. Data were analyzed to determine the relationship between cyanide levels and demographic, clinical, and toxicological factors. Results: The highest levels of cyanide are found in the blood, followed by the liver and brain. There is a significant relationship between cyanide levels and causes of death, with cyanide levels highest in suicides and homicides. Conclusion: Enzymatic molecular autopsy should be considered as a routine method in the investigation of cyanide poisoning cases. This can help law enforcement to achieve justice for victims and their families.
Morphometric Analysis of Hip Bones for Gender Identification in Unexpected Death Cases in Kabul, Afghanistan Ahmad, Bashir Wafaa
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i1.126

Abstract

Introduction: Unexpected deaths in Kabul Afghanistan often involve victims who cannot be identified due to facial disfigurement or missing identity documents. Gender identification is an important step in the forensic identification process, especially in cultural and religious contexts that have strict norms regarding gender. Pelvic bone morphometric analysis offers an accurate and non-invasive method for gender identification. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of hip bone morphometric analysis in identifying gender in cases of unexpected death in Kabul, Afghanistan. Methods: The samples consisted of 100 human pelvises, 50 of each gender, collected from skeletal remains at Kabul hospitals and burial grounds. Pelvic dimensions were measured using calibration techniques and statistical analysis was performed to identify significant morphometric differences between the gender. Results: Morphometric analysis showed significant differences in several pelvic dimensions between men and women. The most informative dimensions for gender identification are pelvic width, pelvic height, and superior diameter of the acetabulum. The prediction model developed using these dimensions achieved a gender identification accuracy of 94%. Conclusion: Pelvic bone morphometric analysis can be a valuable tool for forensic identification in cases of unexpected deaths in Kabul Afghanistan. This method offers high accuracy, is non-invasive and easy to apply, and can help in the process of identifying victims and resolving legal cases.
The Role of Understanding the Medicolegal Implications of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH): An Observational Study of Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) among Single Center Laboratory Staff at Indriati Boyolali Hospital Putri, Arum Kusuma; Ilyas Syafiq Darul Ridzuan; Emma Ismawatie; Yulita Maulani; Basuko Agus Wibowo
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i2.139

Abstract

Introduction: Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a crucial issue in the medical laboratory environment, considering the potential for exposure to various biological and chemical risks. The proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is one of the main pillars in mitigating this risk. Understanding the medicolegal implications related to the use of PPE is an important aspect that can influence laboratory staff compliance. This study aims to examine the relationship between understanding medicolegal implications and compliance with the use of PPE among laboratory staff at Indriati Boyolali Hospital. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional observational design. The sample consisted of 120 laboratory staff at Indriati Boyolali Hospital who were selected randomly. Data was collected through structured questionnaires to measure the level of understanding of medicolegal implications and direct observation to assess compliance with PPE use. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistical tests (chi-square test and logistic regression). Results: The research results showed that there was a significant relationship between understanding medicolegal implications and compliance with PPE use (p < 0.05). Laboratory staff with a better understanding of medicolegal implications tend to demonstrate higher levels of compliance in the use of PPE. Other factors such as age, gender, and work experience were also found to influence compliance with PPE use. Conclusion: Understanding medicolegal implications is an important factor that contributes to compliance with the use of PPE among laboratory staff. Comprehensive educational interventions regarding medicolegal aspects of OSH can increase the understanding and awareness of laboratory staff, thereby contributing to improving occupational safety and health in the laboratory environment.
Fatal Blunt Severe Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis Trauma: A Case Report Lestari, Viny Agustiani; Setya Aji Priyatna; Didik Mulyono
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i2.144

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreatic trauma is a rare but potentially fatal condition. Blunt pancreatic trauma can lead to severe hemorrhagic pancreatitis, a life-threatening complication. This case report presents a fatal instance of blunt severe hemorrhagic pancreatitis resulting from an assault. Case presentation: A 21-year-old male victim was found unconscious in a student dormitory after suffering multiple punches to the abdomen during an assault. Despite being rushed to the hospital, the victim succumbed to his injuries. A post-mortem examination revealed extensive bruising on the abdomen, along with internal injuries including cardiovascular enlargement, colonic vasodilation, and blood on the surface of the pancreatic tissue. Histological analysis of the pancreas showed severe necrosis, cytoplasmic necrosis, and widespread hemorrhagic hyperemia of the peripancreatic tissue. Toxicological tests for drugs, alcohol, and other substances were negative. Conclusion: This case highlights the potential severity of blunt pancreatic trauma and the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment. The retroperitoneal location of the pancreas can make diagnosis challenging, leading to delays in care and potentially fatal outcomes. In cases of suspected abdominal trauma, a thorough examination of the pancreas is crucial, including histological analysis if necessary. This case underscores the need for increased awareness of pancreatic trauma among healthcare professionals and the public.
Retinal Vascular Biometrics for Personal Identification in Forensic Investigations: A Pilot Study in the Palembang Population Ramzi Amin
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i2.188

Abstract

Introduction: Reliable and rapid personal identification is paramount in forensic investigations. Traditional methods can be time-consuming or challenging, particularly in cases involving fragmented remains or limited access to comparative data. Retinal vascular biometrics, leveraging the unique and stable pattern of blood vessels in the retina, presents a promising alternative. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of using retinal vascular patterns for personal identification within a population in Palembang, Indonesia. Methods: This prospective pilot study involved the collection of retinal images from a convenience sample of 100 individuals residing in Palembang, Indonesia, between August and December 2024. Retinal images were captured using a non-mydriatic fundus camera model commonly available in ophthalmological clinics. Pre-processing steps included image enhancement and noise reduction. Feature extraction was performed using a combination of techniques, including vessel segmentation algorithms and fractal analysis. A matching algorithm based on normalized cross-correlation and feature vector distance was employed to compare retinal images. The performance of the biometric system was evaluated using metrics such as the False Acceptance Rate (FAR), False Rejection Rate (FRR), and Equal Error Rate (EER). Results: The analysis of 10000 comparison attempts (100 genuine and 9900 imposters) yielded promising results. The calculated EER for the retinal vascular biometric system was 0.85%. The FAR at a 0% FRR was 0.1%, and the FRR at a 0% FAR was 1.6%. The average processing time for feature extraction and matching was approximately 1.5 seconds per comparison. Demographic analysis suggested no significant difference in accuracy across different age groups within the studied sample. Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrated the potential of retinal vascular biometrics as a reliable and efficient method for personal identification within the Palembang population. The low EER suggests a high level of accuracy. Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to validate these findings and explore the practical implementation of this technology in forensic investigations in Indonesia.
Forensic DNA Phenotyping for Predicting Externally Visible Characteristics in Indonesian Populations: A Novel Tool for Criminal Investigations Rinna Azrida; Febria Suryani; Bjorka Alma; Sony Sanjaya; Khairiel Anwar
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i2.190

Abstract

Introduction: Forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) is an emerging field that utilizes genetic information to predict an individual's externally visible characteristics (EVCs). While its application has shown promise in aiding criminal investigations globally, its utility within the diverse Indonesian population remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the potential of FDP for predicting EVCs in a representative sample of the Indonesian population, evaluating its accuracy and implications as a novel tool for criminal investigations in this unique context. Methods: This study involved the analysis of anonymized DNA samples from 1000 individuals self-identified as belonging to various ethnic groups across Indonesia. A panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) known to be associated with EVCs including hair color, eye color, skin pigmentation, and biogeographic ancestry (BGA) was selected based on existing literature. Genotyping data was generated to reflect the genetic diversity observed in Indonesian populations. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the predictive power of the SNP panel for each EVC and to evaluate the correlation between predicted phenotypes and self-reported characteristics. Results: The results demonstrated a moderate to high predictive accuracy for several EVCs within the Indonesian population. Skin pigmentation showed the highest predictability, followed by eye color and hair color. BGA prediction effectively clustered individuals based on their genetic profiles, aligning with the known population structure of Indonesia. Significant variations in allele frequencies for EVC-associated SNPs were observed across different ethnic groups, highlighting the importance of population-specific data. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that forensic DNA phenotyping holds significant potential as a novel tool for criminal investigations in Indonesia. The ability to predict EVCs from DNA could provide valuable leads in cases where traditional DNA profiling yields no matches. However, further research with real Indonesian population data is crucial to validate these findings and to develop robust, population-specific FDP models. Ethical and legal considerations surrounding the use of this technology in the Indonesian context must also be carefully addressed.
Decoding Deception: Advanced fMRI and Machine Learning Techniques for Detecting Malingered Psychiatric Symptoms in Forensic Evaluations in Indonesia Taufiq Indera Jayadi; Taryudi Suharyana; Vita Amanda; Brenda Jaleel
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v2i2.200

Abstract

Introduction: Detecting malingered psychiatric symptoms presents a significant challenge in Indonesian forensic evaluations, potentially impacting justice and resource allocation. Current methods rely heavily on clinical judgment and psychometric testing, lacking objective biomarkers. This study explored the potential of combining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with machine learning (ML) to identify neural patterns differentiating malingered from genuine psychiatric symptoms in an Indonesian forensic context. Methods: This case-control study included 90 Indonesian male participants referred for forensic psychiatric evaluation (visum et repertum psychiatricum): 30 diagnosed genuine psychiatric patients (schizophrenia/psychotic depression), 30 individuals identified as malingerers, and 30 healthy controls. Participants underwent clinical assessment, psychometric testing (including symptom validity tests - SVTs), and an fMRI scan using a symptom-endorsement paradigm designed to probe cognitive control and deception-related neural activity. Preprocessed fMRI data were analyzed using group-level GLM and machine learning (Support Vector Machine - SVM; Random Forest - RF) classifiers trained on extracted features (ROI activation, functional connectivity) to distinguish malingerers. Performance was evaluated using k-fold cross-validation. Results: fMRI results indicated significantly greater activation in the malingering group compared to genuine patients and controls in prefrontal (dlPFC, vlPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) regions during feigned symptom endorsement (p<0.001, FWE-corrected). An SVM classifier using combined ROI activation and functional connectivity features achieved the highest accuracy (83%), sensitivity (80%), specificity (86%), and AUC (0.88) in distinguishing malingerers from genuine patients. Conclusion: These findings suggest that integrating fMRI and ML techniques holds promise as an objective, supplementary tool for detecting malingered psychiatric symptoms within Indonesian forensic evaluations. While promising, the moderate accuracy highlights the need for further validation, consideration of ethical implications, and adaptation to the Indonesian context before any potential clinical application.
Medicolegal Aspects of Examination of Silent Witnesses in the Form of Bloodstains: A Narrative Literature Review Ilfatul, Arifanda
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v1i1.228

Abstract

Crime has become a subculture, or a separate part of the culture public modernity is no longer just a deviation of social institutions. With advances in science and technology, investigators and experts can search for evidence through scientific analysis. This literature review aimed to describe the examination of silent evidence in the form of bloodstains which are generally found at murder crime scenes. The most common bloodstains found at crime scenes are on the floor. This is due to the drops of blood that fall to the floor following the direction of the earth's gravitational force. There are several things that must be considered in observing blood spots, namely the color of the blood, the estimated volume, and the color of the floor where the blood drips. Examination methods developed by forensic researchers around the world in assessing bloodstains include using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), reflectance spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In conclusion, the assessment of the color of the bloodstains as a silent witness can provide clues regarding the age of the bloodstains and the time of the crime.

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