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Patricia Wulandari
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Jl. Sirna Raga no 99, Delapan Ilir, Ilir Timur Tiga, Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia
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Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 29871530     EISSN : 29871530     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjfm
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology
Focus Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal (SJFM) focused on the development of medical sciences especially forensic and medicolegal for human well-being. Scope Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal (SJFM) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of forensic-medicolegal and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case reports, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Patologi dan Kedokteran Kesehatan
Articles 34 Documents
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Discrepancy Between Dental Age Estimation and Stated Age in Child Marriage Dispensation Requests: A Multivariate Forensic Odontology Study in Indonesian Religious Courts Syaifudin Syaifudin; Iting Shofwati; Eduardo Michael Perez; Muhammad Faiz
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.255

Abstract

Introduction: Age misrepresentation in child marriage dispensation petitions represents a critical yet underexamined medicolegal challenge in Indonesia, where civil registration deficits disproportionately affect rural communities and create conditions in which biological age and administrative age may diverge substantially. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the magnitude and determinants of age discrepancy between forensic dental age estimation and stated civil age among 148 petitioners referred for odontological evaluation at Religious Courts in Province X between January 2020 and December 2023. Dental age was estimated from panoramic radiographs using the Demirjian seven-tooth staging method for the mandibular dentition, supplemented by the modified Kötteles classification for third molar root development. Results: Inter-rater agreement between two calibrated forensic odontologists was excellent (ICC=0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.94). Age overstatement — defined as the stated age exceeding the estimated dental age by more than one year — was identified in 52 cases (35.1%), while concordance was observed in 96 cases (64.9%); no case of understatement was recorded. On multivariate binary logistic regression adjusting for sex, petition reason, and stated age, rural residence (OR=2.14, 95% CI 1.06–4.33, p=0.035) and a court-granted dispensation decision (OR=2.60, 95% CI 1.31–5.16, p=0.008) were independently associated with age overstatement. Conclusion: Forensic odontological evaluation identified clinically significant age discrepancies in over one-third of cases, underscoring the inadequacy of civil documentation as the sole arbiter of age eligibility in marriage dispensation proceedings. Systematic integration of standardised dental age estimation into the judicial framework for dispensation adjudication in Indonesia is recommended.
Impact of Sociocultural Mediation on Exhumation Timeline and DNA Yield in Medicolegal Investigations: A Retrospective Survival Analysis from Rural South Sumatra Dedi Kusmanto; Hendri Safitri; Firzan Dahlan; Fachrudin Sani
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.256

Abstract

Introduction: Forensic medicolegal investigations in rural Indonesia are frequently conditioned by sociocultural practices that govern community consent for exhumation. Four distinct mediation pathways — direct family authorization, elder-mediated, religious leader-mediated, and multiple-mediator — are commonly observed in South Sumatran casework, yet their quantitative impact on exhumation timeline and downstream DNA extraction success has not been formally characterized. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 120 consecutive medicolegal exhumation cases at Hospital X, South Sumatra, January 2018 – December 2022. Mediation type was classified from case file records. Time-to-exhumation was analysed by Kaplan-Meier survival estimation and log-rank testing; adjusted hazard ratios were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression. Binary DNA extraction success (≥1 ng/µL by real-time PCR) was modelled by multivariable logistic regression with 1000-iteration bootstrap confidence intervals. Results: The four mediation groups (Direct n=35; Elder n=42; Religious n=31; Multiple n=12) were well-balanced on demographic and burial covariates (all p > 0.05) but differed significantly in exhumation delay (median 13, 27.5, 42, and 67 days respectively; p < 0.001). Global log-rank test confirmed significant between-group differences in time-to-exhumation (χ² = 26.41, df = 3, p < 0.001). Overall DNA success was 70.0% (84/120). Religious leader-mediated cases had significantly lower odds of DNA success in multivariable analysis (aOR 0.361, 95% CI 0.144–0.904, p = 0.030). Exhumation delay >30 days (OR 0.411, 95% CI 0.228–0.742, p = 0.003) and male gender (aOR 2.029, 95% CI 1.017–4.046, p = 0.045) were independently associated with DNA outcome. Conclusion: Sociocultural mediation type is a significant and independent predictor of both exhumation timeline and DNA extraction success in South Sumatran rural forensic casework. Religious leader-mediated cases incur a 29-day median delay compared with directly authorized cases, translating into measurable reductions in DNA yield. Formalisation of a Community Forensic Mediation Protocol at the provincial level is recommended.
Post-Mortem High-Anion-Gap Metabolic Acidosis and Blood Formate Quantitation as Diagnostic Markers of Fatal Oplosan Intoxication: A Retrospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study at a Tertiary Forensic Center in Indonesia Bambang Sutrisno; Sri Mulyati; Karina Chandra; Jason Willmare
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.257

Abstract

Introduction: Bootleg liquor (oplosan) containing illicit methanol remains a leading cause of preventable forensic death in Indonesia, yet objective post-mortem biochemical diagnostic criteria are incompletely standardised. Methods: This retrospective diagnostic accuracy study evaluated post-mortem high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) and blood formate quantitation as confirmatory markers of fatal methanol intoxication at Hospital X, Central Java, between January 2019 and December 2023. Medical examiner records, autopsy reports, and post-mortem biochemistry data from 120 adult decedents were reviewed: 74 confirmed methanol (oplosan) fatalities and 46 non-methanol metabolic acidosis deaths as the comparison group. The reference standard was post-mortem blood methanol >20 mg/dL with documented oplosan exposure history. Post-mortem blood formate was quantified by gas chromatography–flame ionisation detection (GC-FID). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and ROC analysis were performed with 95% confidence intervals by the Wilson score method. Results: Mean blood formate was 18.8 ± 4.9 mmol/L in the methanol group versus 1.2 ± 0.8 mmol/L in controls (p < 0.001). Post-mortem albumin-corrected anion gap was 28.7 ± 5.1 versus 14.2 ± 4.6 mmol/L (p < 0.001). Blood formate >2.0 mmol/L achieved sensitivity 100% (95% CI 95.1–100%), specificity 80.4% (95% CI 65.9–90.1%), and AUC 0.989 (95% CI 0.971–0.998). HAGMA achieved sensitivity 94.6% (95% CI 86.4–98.0%), specificity 91.3% (95% CI 78.2–97.0%), and AUC 0.976. Combined positivity yielded a specificity 100% and a PPV 100%. Multivariable logistic regression identified formate as the dominant independent predictor (OR 123.8, 95% CI 21.6–709.3). Conclusion: Post-mortem blood formate and HAGMA are highly accurate complementary markers for confirming fatal oplosan intoxication and should be incorporated into standardised Indonesian forensic autopsy protocols.
Vitreous Humor Biochemical Markers and Non-Linear Regression for Post-Mortem Interval Estimation in Indonesian Tropical Autopsy Cases Lisha Sandrina; Paula Guelle; Ahmad Erza
Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Sriwijaya Journal of Forensic and Medicolegal
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjfm.v4i1.258

Abstract

Introduction: Accurate post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation remains a critical challenge in tropical forensic pathology, where accelerated biochemical decomposition makes temperate-derived formulae unreliable. This prospective validation study investigated non-linear regression modeling of vitreous humor potassium (K+), hypoxanthine (Hx), and urea nitrogen (BUN) for PMI estimation in Indonesian tropical autopsy cases (January–December 2025). Methods: A total of 85 consecutive forensic autopsy cases were enrolled at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Hospital X, Palembang, Indonesia. PMI was verified by at least two independent sources (mean verification uncertainty ±1.4 hours). Vitreous K+ was measured by ion-selective electrode; Hx by enzymatic colorimetry; BUN by the urease-GLDH method. Logarithmic, quadratic, and square-root non-linear regression models were fitted for each biomarker; model selection was guided by R², adjusted R², and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Cross-validation was performed by leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). Results: Vitreous K+ demonstrated the strongest quadratic association with PMI (R² = 0.957, LOOCV-R² = 0.942, RMSE = 0.38 mmol/L). BUN showed a quadratic pattern (R² = 0.837, LOOCV-R² = 0.819, RMSE = 1.75 mg/dL) and Hx a square-root pattern (R² = 0.438, RMSE = 3.83 µmol/L). The combined multivariate non-linear model [PMI = 56.19·ln(K++1) + 1.85·√Hx + 1.86·BUN − 136.08] achieved R² = 0.951, LOOCV-R² = 0.934, and RMSE = 4.75 hours. Variance inflation factors for all predictors were ≤2.8, confirming acceptable multicollinearity. K+ and BUN were independent significant predictors (both p < 0.001); Hx did not reach independent significance (p = 0.095). The combined model is valid for K+ ≥ 4.2 mmol/L. Conclusion: Non-linear regression of vitreous biochemical markers provides accurate, locally validated PMI estimation for Indonesian tropical forensic practice, with a combined model RMSE of 4.75 hours over 1–72 hours post-mortem.

Page 4 of 4 | Total Record : 34

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