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West Science Agro
Published by Westscience Press
ISSN : 30315948     EISSN : 30318041     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58812/wsa.v2i01
Core Subject : Agriculture,
West Science Agro is a scientific journal dedicated to exploring, discussing, and publishing current research in agriculture, agribusiness and agronomy. The journal aims to be a forum for agricultural researchers, scientists, and practitioners to share the latest knowledge, findings, and thoughts to improve productivity, sustainability, and efficiency in the agricultural sector.
Articles 120 Documents
Mapping Global Research Trends on Smart Farming Using Bibliometric Analysis 2010–2025 Judijanto, Loso
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 01 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i01.2683

Abstract

This study maps global research trends on smart farming through a bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed publications published between 2010 and 2025. Using VOSviewer as the primary analytical tool, the study examines publication growth, co-authorship networks, institutional and country collaborations, keyword co-occurrence structures, overlay visualization, and thematic density patterns. The results indicate a significant increase in scholarly output over the study period, reflecting the rapid expansion of digital and intelligent technologies in agriculture. India emerges as a central hub in international collaboration networks, while technology-oriented universities and computer science departments play a dominant role in knowledge production. The keyword analysis reveals that smart agriculture and precision agriculture form the intellectual core of the field, strongly connected to Internet of Things, machine learning, deep learning, remote sensing, and agricultural machinery. Overlay visualization demonstrates a temporal shift from infrastructure-focused research toward AI-driven analytics and sustainability-oriented applications, particularly in relation to climate change and food security. The study highlights the transition of smart farming research toward an integrated Agriculture 4.0 paradigm and identifies future directions related to interoperability, data governance, inclusive adoption, and measurable sustainability impacts.
Determination of the Vegetative Phase Critical for Monitoring Wheat Nitrogen Status Tropical Through Digital Color Analysis and Index Camera Reflectance Charlotte Putri Bandono; Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2802

Abstract

Reliable nitrogen (N) monitoring remains a major challenge in tropical wheat systems due to dynamic N uptake, redistribution, and environmental variability across growth stages. Although RGB based digital imaging offers a rapid and non-destructive alternative, its accuracy is often limited by the phase-dependent relationship between leaf color and nitrogen status. This study aimed to identify the critical vegetative stage that provides the most reliable estimation of leaf nitrogen in tropical wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A greenhouse experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with five nitrogen rates (0–300 kg urea ha⁻¹). Leaf images were collected at four vegetative stages (V1–V4), and RGB values were transformed into vegetation indices (ExG, GLI, TGI, and NGRDI). These indices were correlated with chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen content using Pearson analysis. Results showed a clear phase-specific pattern, with the strongest relationship observed at V3 (second node emergence). The ExG index exhibited a very strong and significant correlation with leaf nitrogen (r = 0.97; p < 0.01). In contrast, weak correlations at V1 and negative trends at V4 were associated with limited nitrogen accumulation and remobilization processes.These findings highlight V3 as the optimal stage for nitrogen estimation and emphasize the importance of a phase-specific approach to improve RGB based monitoring in tropical wheat systems.
Enhancing Climate-Resilient Farming in Indonesia: The Roles of Crop Diversification, Agroforestry Adoption, Environmental Literacy, and Farmer Cooperative Participation Agatha W. Widati; Yohanes Kamakaula; Trees Augustine Pattiasina
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2885

Abstract

This study examines the role of crop diversification, agroforestry implementation, environmental literacy, and farmer cooperative participation in promoting climate-resilient agriculture in Indonesia. Climate change has increasingly affected agricultural productivity, environmental sustainability, and farmer livelihoods through droughts, floods, irregular rainfall patterns, and land degradation. A quantitative research approach was employed using a survey of 250 farmers from several agricultural regions in Indonesia. Data were collected using structured questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 4). The findings indicate that crop diversification positively and significantly influences climate-resilient agriculture Agroforestry implementation was found to have the strongest influence. Environmental literacy also demonstrated a significant positive effect, while farmer cooperative participation significantly affected climate-resilient agriculture. The model showed strong explanatory power with an R-square value of 0.742, indicating that the independent variables explained 74.2% of the variance in climate-resilient agriculture. The results highlight the importance of integrating sustainable farming practices, environmental awareness, and institutional collaboration to strengthen agricultural resilience and sustainability in Indonesia.
Marketing Strategy for Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) Case Study: Pematang Guntung Village, Teluk Mengkudu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency Leni Handayani; M. Nazri Piransyah; Marcellina Adellini; Denny Wahyudi; Guru Maratawan; Aulia Kevin; Masita Sari; M. Dimas Ayub; Miftahul Ghania; Iyusnizar Iyusnizar; Azzahra Harahap; Akbar Sandy; Dirga Adetrya; Sudarmaji Sudarmaji; Ralando Sitompul; Hasnul Hafizd; Fachri Riza
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2896

Abstract

This study demonstrates how identifying and developing marketing strategies for whiteleg shrimp farmers in Pematang Guntung Village is crucial, and the identification of appropriate marketing channels is crucial. This study is expected to formulate external and internal factors that can be used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and recommend more effective marketing strategies, enabling farmers to increase income and obtain certainty about selling prices. The subjects of this study were six whiteleg shrimp farmers in Pematang Guntung Village, Teluk Mengkudu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The sampling technique used was a purposive sample with data collection using a questionnaire. This study uses a SWOT analysis which is an analysis to systematically identify various factors to formulate the right strategy in the cultivation of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results of the study state that the Internal factors used to see strengths are: 1). Getting assistance from the government, 2). The ordered shrimp are in accordance with consumer demand, 3). Adequate facilities and infrastructure, 4). Having a skilled, experienced and highly dedicated workforce, 5). Easy to get seeds and which are used to see weaknesses: 1). The product has not met customer demand, 2). Product promotion does not use media, 3). Unable to fulfill shrimp orders quickly, 4). The product is not durable, 5). Lack of technology that can support whiteleg shrimp cultivation. External Factors used to see Opportunities: 1). Many people interested in vannamei shrimp in the market, 2). Having a relatively high selling price, 3). Big business opportunities, 4). Technological improvements that can increase production, 5). Government policies that support and are used to see Threats: 1). A lot of competition in selling vannamei shrimp, 2). Not all of the released shrimp fry can develop well, 3). Consumer orders are not always fulfilled, 4). Lack of interest of the younger generation to cultivate vannamei shrimp, 5). Pest and disease attacks. Based on the SWOT analysis diagram that explains the external and internal factors in cell (quadrant) I shows the SO (Strength-Oppourtunities or Strengths and Opportunities) strategy, namely marketing shrimp by calculating production costs and looking at market prices. Collaborating with potential customers. Increasing the use of technology in an effort to increase production and in the SWOT matrix, namely supporting an aggressive strategy. This strategy explains that the strategy is very profitable for the business because it has opportunities and strengths in business progress, especially the vaname shrimp farming business in Pematang Guntung Village, Teluk Mengkudu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency.
Mapping Research Trends on Agricultural Resilience in Scholarly Publications (2012–2024) Loso Judijanto; Dyah Ayu Suryaningrum
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2897

Abstract

Agricultural resilience has emerged as an increasingly important research domain in response to global challenges related to climate change, food security, environmental degradation, and sustainable agricultural development. This study aims to map the development, intellectual structure, collaboration patterns, and emerging themes of agricultural resilience research published between 2012 and 2024. A bibliometric approach was employed using scholarly publications indexed in Scopus as the primary data source. The collected bibliographic data were analyzed using VOSviewer to examine publication trends, co-authorship networks, institutional collaboration, country collaboration, citation structures, keyword co-occurrence, overlay visualization, and density mapping. The findings indicate that agricultural resilience research has experienced substantial growth and developed into a multidisciplinary field integrating environmental science, agricultural systems, sustainability studies, and technological innovation. Collaboration analysis identified the United States, China, and India as dominant contributors and central actors in global research networks, while institutional and author analyses revealed the existence of several interconnected scholarly communities. Citation analysis showed that the field is strongly influenced by foundational works on planetary boundaries, ecosystem resilience, climate-smart agriculture, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development. Keyword mapping demonstrated that major themes include climate change, agriculture, food security, sustainable agriculture, crop resilience, and ecosystem management, with recent developments increasingly emphasizing precision agriculture, machine learning, physiological stress, and adaptive agricultural technologies.
Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Agricultural Research Knowledge Maps in the Global Agricultural Sector Loso Judijanto
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2898

Abstract

Digital agriculture has emerged as a transformative approach for improving agricultural productivity, resource efficiency, and sustainability through the integration of advanced digital technologies. The rapid growth of research in this field has generated a diverse and multidisciplinary body of knowledge, making it increasingly important to understand its intellectual structure and developmental trends. This study aims to analyze the global landscape of digital agriculture research using a bibliometric approach. Data were collected from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer to identify publication trends, influential publications, collaboration networks, and thematic developments within the field. The results indicate a significant increase in scholarly interest in digital agriculture, particularly in topics related to artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, smart farming, the Internet of Things (IoT), digital transformation, and sustainable development. Country collaboration analysis reveals that China, India, the Russian Federation, the United States, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom are among the leading contributors to knowledge production and international research cooperation. Citation analysis highlights the foundational role of studies on big data, Agriculture 4.0, and smart farming in shaping the field's intellectual development. Furthermore, keyword co-occurrence, overlay, and density visualizations demonstrate that research has evolved from digital infrastructure and data management toward advanced technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, blockchain, and intelligent decision-support systems. The findings suggest that digital agriculture has become a dynamic and interdisciplinary research domain that integrates technological innovation with agricultural sustainability and food security objectives. This study contributes to the understanding of global research trends and provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to advance the digital transformation of agriculture.
Bibliometric Review of Research on Green Farming Practices in Agriculture: A Global Literature Overview 2010–2024 Loso Judijanto
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2899

Abstract

Green farming practices have emerged as a critical approach to addressing the interconnected challenges of food security, environmental degradation, climate change, and sustainable agricultural development. As global interest in environmentally responsible farming continues to expand, a comprehensive understanding of the evolution and intellectual structure of this research field becomes increasingly important. This study aims to examine the development of green farming practices research through a bibliometric analysis of global scientific publications published between 2010 and 2024. Data were collected from the Scopus database and analyzed using bibliometric techniques and VOSviewer to explore publication trends, influential literature, collaboration networks, and thematic developments within the field. The findings reveal a significant growth in research output over the study period, reflecting increasing academic and practical interest in sustainable agriculture. Citation analysis identifies soil health, integrated soil fertility management, agroecology, conservation farming, and food security as the most influential research themes. Co-authorship and country collaboration analyses indicate active international cooperation, with China, India, the Russian Federation, the United States, and several European countries serving as major contributors to the field. Keyword co-occurrence, overlay, and density analyses demonstrate a transition from traditional sustainability-oriented agricultural studies toward technology-driven approaches characterized by artificial intelligence, machine learning, precision agriculture, smart agriculture, Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, digital transformation, and Agriculture 4.0. The results suggest that future advancements in green farming practices will increasingly rely on the integration of digital technologies and sustainable agricultural principles to enhance productivity, resource efficiency, climate resilience, and food security.
Bibliometric Analysis of Agribusiness Innovation in Scopus Publications 2010–2024 Loso Judijanto
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2900

Abstract

Agribusiness innovation has emerged as a critical driver of agricultural transformation, sustainability, and economic development in response to global challenges such as food insecurity, climate change, resource constraints, and technological disruption. The growing volume of scholarly publications in this field necessitates a systematic assessment of its intellectual structure and research evolution. Therefore, this study aims to analyze global research trends in agribusiness innovation through a bibliometric approach using publications indexed in the Scopus database from 2010 to 2024. Bibliographic data were collected from Scopus and analyzed using bibliometric performance indicators and science mapping techniques. VOSviewer was employed to visualize co-authorship networks, organizational collaborations, country collaborations, citation structures, keyword co-occurrences, overlay visualization, and density visualization. The results reveal a significant increase in publication output over the study period, indicating growing academic interest in agribusiness innovation. India emerged as the most influential country in terms of collaboration and research productivity, while several authors and institutions played important roles in shaping the field's intellectual development. Citation analysis highlights the importance of digital agriculture, sustainability, artificial intelligence, corporate social responsibility, and green innovation as major research foundations. Keyword mapping identifies agribusiness, agriculture, innovation, and sustainable development as the core themes, while smart agriculture, precision agriculture, machine learning, Internet of Things, and digital transformation represent emerging research directions. The findings demonstrate that agribusiness innovation research has evolved from a focus on competitiveness and entrepreneurship toward a broader integration of sustainability and advanced digital technologies. This study contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive overview of the development, collaboration patterns, and thematic evolution of agribusiness innovation research and offers valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to advance innovation-driven and sustainable agricultural systems.
The Development of Precision Agriculture Research in Modern Agriculture: A Bibliometric Study 2010–2024 Loso Judijanto
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2901

Abstract

Precision agriculture has emerged as a transformative approach in modern agriculture by integrating advanced technologies such as remote sensing, artificial intelligence, machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, and big data analytics to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability. Given the rapid expansion of research in this field, a comprehensive understanding of its intellectual structure and development trends is essential. This study aims to analyze the evolution of precision agriculture research through a bibliometric examination of global scientific publications indexed in the Scopus database from 2010 to 2024. Bibliometric techniques were employed to evaluate publication trends, influential authors, institutions, countries, and highly cited literature. Furthermore, network visualization analyses using VOSviewer were conducted, including co-authorship, institutional collaboration, country collaboration, co-citation, keyword co-occurrence, overlay visualization, and density visualization. The findings reveal a significant increase in publication output over the study period, reflecting growing academic and practical interest in precision agriculture. India, China, the United States, and the Russian Federation emerged as the most influential contributors in terms of collaboration and research productivity. The most highly cited literature focused on nanotechnology, hyperspectral imaging, sustainable nutrient management, agricultural robotics, and smart farming technologies. Keyword analysis identified precision agriculture, sustainable development, smart agriculture, crops, Internet of Things, machine learning, and artificial intelligence as dominant research themes. Overlay visualization further demonstrated a transition from traditional topics such as soil fertility and crop management toward digitally enabled and sustainability-oriented agricultural systems. The results indicate that precision agriculture has evolved into a highly interdisciplinary field that combines technological innovation and sustainable development principles to address global agricultural challenges. The study provides valuable insights into current research trends and future directions for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners engaged in modern agricultural development.
The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education, Financial Literacy, Family Environment, and Love of Money on the Entrepreneurial Interest of Indigenous Papuan Students Westim Ratang; Gabriel Yusuf; Adhi Nugroho
West Science Agro Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): West Science Agro
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsa.v4i02.2957

Abstract

The high unemployment rate in Papua underscores the need to foster entrepreneurial interest among young people, particularly Indigenous Papuan (Orang Asli Papua/OAP) students. This study examines the effect of entrepreneurship education, financial literacy, family environment, and love of money on the entrepreneurial interest of OAP students in the Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Cenderawasih University. A quantitative approach with an associative-causal design was employed. The sample comprised 65 respondents selected through purposive sampling, namely OAP students who had taken the entrepreneurship course. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed with multiple linear regression. The results show that entrepreneurship education (β = 0.512) and love of money (β = 0.492) have a significant positive effect on entrepreneurial interest, whereas financial literacy has a significant negative effect (β = -0.357). Family environment (β = 0.067) has no significant effect. Simultaneously, the four variables affect entrepreneurial interest (F = 13.244; ρ = 0.000), with a contribution of R² = 46.9%, while 53.1% is explained by other variables outside the study. These findings indicate that hands-on entrepreneurial learning and an internal orientation toward money are stronger determinants of OAP students' entrepreneurial interest than the family environment.

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