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<![CDATA[ANALISIS HUBUNGAN PATRON-KLIEN (STUDI KASUS HUBUNGAN TOKE DAN PETANI SAWIT POLA SWADAYA DI KECAMATAN TAMBUSAI UTARA KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU) ]]>
<![CDATA[Kausar ']]>;
<![CDATA[Komar Zaman]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 2, No 2 (2011) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.2.2.183-200
<![CDATA[Smallholder farmers in swadaya scheme continuously depend on wholesalers as thefarmers need the wholesalers to market their oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) to theoil palm factory. Relationship among wholesalers (toke) and smallholder farmers isreferred to as the patron-client relationship. In such a relationship, the wholesalers arecalled patron, while smallholders are called clients. The research objective was todetermine the marketing channels of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of swadaya-scheme farmers and to analyze the factors which lead to patron-client relationship. Theresearch was conducted in Mahato and North Tambusai Village, North Tambusai Sub-District, Rokan Hulu District. This research used survey method. Sampling for oil palmfarmers was conducted by multistage random sampling. There are three marketingchannels of FFB identified. Marketing Channel 1 starts from farmers to wholesalers(non SPB) to wholesalers (SPB), where the non-SPB wholesalers only use the SPB ofthe SPB wholesalers to sell to oil palm factory. Marketing channel 2 starts from farmersto wholesalers (non SPB), to wholesalers (SPB) and then to the factory. MarketingChannel 3 starts from farmers to wholesalers (SPB) and to the factory. Factorsinfluencing the formation of patron-client relationship among wholesalers (toke) andsmallholders are: (1) FFB marketing of farmers highly depends on the wholesalers, (2)high farming costs, and (3) farmers are tied with a lot of debt to wholesalers foreveryday needs, children's education and health cost.Keywords: patron-client, toke (wholesalers), marketing channels, oil palm]]>
<![CDATA[MANAJEMEN TENAGA KERJA PANEN KELAPA SAWIT DI KEBUN REDANG SEKO PT.TUNGGAL PERKASA PLANTATIONS KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU ]]>
<![CDATA[Rita Aprilia Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Syaiful Hadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Evy Maharani]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 8, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.8.2.271-279
<![CDATA[The weakness in oil palm plantations in Indonesia is the plantation management and the control of plant pests and diseases and one of the concerns is employment aspect. Harvest labour have a very important role in supporting the company’s production. PT. Tunggal Perkasa Plantation Company engaged in the palm oil industry. One of its palm oil plantation namely Redang Seko Gardens SR6 consists of 185 labour worker. This research aimed to determine the labour management; and to know the gap between the target and realization of harvest labour. The research was carried out at Redang Seko PT. Tunggal Perkasa Plantations, regency of Indragiri Hulu, Riau. Research was conducted from December 2015 to January 2017. The sample in the research were 30 harvest labour by using proportional stratified random sampling. The results showed that the harvest labour management has been implemented, although there are still many weaknesses in each management functions. The errors that occured due the harvest labour not suitable with the specified SOP. Based on the gap between the target and the realization with only 11 workers achieved the target, while 19 harvets workers did not achieve the target well which was caused by internal and external factors. The independent sample t test showed that the target was higher than the realization, however the result of analysis was not significant.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDONESIAN COCOA BEANS EXPORTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET ]]>
<![CDATA[Fania Natassa Sinaga]]>;
<![CDATA[Suardi Tarumun]]>;
<![CDATA[Ermi Tety]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 13, No 1 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.13.1.56-81
<![CDATA[Plantations are one of the subsectors that have an important role in economic development. Cocoa (Theobrema cacao L.) is one of the leading commodities of plantation subsectors. Cocoa commodities consistently act as a source of foreign exchange of the country that contributes to the structure of the Indonesian economy. This research aims to analyze the development of competitiveness as well as compare the market share of Indonesian cocoa bean exports in the international market. The data used in this study is secondary data in the form of time series data from 2013 to 2018. The analysis method used is a quantitative method, which is to estimate the development of competitiveness and compare the export market share of Indonesian cocoa beans with some competitiveness countries using Constant Market Share (CMS), Trade Specialization Index (ISP), and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). The biggest competitors for indonesia’s cocoa bean exports are: Ivory Coast and Ghana. Based on the results of CMS index estimates showed an increase in Indonesia's cocoa bean exports influenced by the increasing world demand for cocoa beans from competitiveness countries. Then THE ISP showed Indonesia had a negative ISP value in the period 2017-2018 because Indonesia's cocoa bean exports decreased, while RCA showed Indonesia, Ivory Coast and Ghana had a Comparative advantage for positive cocoa bean commodities during the period 2013-2018]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS MOTIVASI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG TOAR KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI ]]>
<![CDATA[Supiyani Wati]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosnita ']]>;
<![CDATA[Roza Yulida]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 6, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.6.2.114-127
<![CDATA[This research aims to analyzed the extention of counseling and analyzed of the factors of motivation internal and external of agricultural extension officer, in the district of Gunung Toar Regency Kuantan Singingi. Research using survey method was carriate out from November fill April 2015 in sub Gunung Toar district Kuantan Singingi with the largest amounted of rubber farmers and a rubber plant large a mount in Riau Province. Sampling is caried out againts census 5 extension officers in the UPTD plantation sub Gunung Toar. Execution of counseling in analistis are descriptive and extension officers motivation with scale likert. The motivational variable refers to the theory of extension officers in Kadarisman Saydam (2012), with respect to internal and external factors. Research results show that the extention of counseling in the sub Gunung Toar was alreadygood, where the extension officers LAKU system using the methods with the extension in the form of print, extension officers amountedto 5 people with education level of 60 percent SMA/SMK/equal and 40 percent of the graduates, number of villages built average 2-4 village per extension officers. The motivation extension officers was enough high score average (2,97), where internal motivation variables already on the category is Quite high with the score average (3,33) while the external motivation also on categories is Quite high with the score average (2,61).]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH KEBERADAAN PABRIK CRUMB RUBBER PT. ANDALAS AGROLESTARI LOGAS TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI KARET DI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI PROPINSI RIAU ]]>
<![CDATA[Ermi Tety]]>;
<![CDATA[Syaiful Hadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sufre Vobe Andri]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 2, No 1 (2011) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.2.1.35-50
<![CDATA[The aim of this research is to analyze and compare the returns of rubber tapper at farm levelwho sell rubber to rubber factory and that who sell rubber to whole seller. The researchresult show that farmers who sell rubber to factory have average return of Rp 5.571 millionper year per hectare with net profit of Rp 2.02 million. Farmers who sell outside the factoryhave average return of Rp 5.316 million with the net profit of Rp 1.085 million. The RCRfigure for farmers who sell rubber to factory is 1.57 while those who sell to outside factoryis 1.51. In general the rubber factory may have a positive impact to local farmers.Key words: rubber farmer, production cost, and revenue]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL PENGOLAHAN IKAN LELE MENJADI ABON IKAN LELE DI KECAMATAN MESTONG KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI ]]>
<![CDATA[Khairil Khairil]]>;
<![CDATA[Emanauli Emanauli]]>;
<![CDATA[Fenny Permata Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Nur Hasnah AR]]>;
<![CDATA[Sispa Pebrian]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 14, No 2 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.14.2.13-26
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the process of processing catfish into shredded catfish, as well as to determine the financial feasibility of processing catfish into catfish floss. Data obtained from secondary data and primary data. The method used in this research is descriptive and quantitative methods. Based on the results of the study, it showed that the financial analysis obtained by the BEP production volume was 37,980 packages per year and the BEP selling price was Rp. 26,974 / packaging. The NPV obtained is Rp. 249.335.495,16 (NPV > 0) so that this business is feasible to run. The IRR obtained was 36% with a payback period (PP) of 2.1 years and a Net B/C greater than one, namely 1.07. This means that the business of processing catfish becamess shredded catfish is feasible to run. The sensitivity analysis of the catfish shredded business has the ability to tolerate a decrease in revenue of 80%, for the highest price tolerance it reaches 90% and can be carried out up to a price reduction of 90%.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA SIHEPENG KECAMATAN SIABU KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA ]]>
<![CDATA[Endro Freddy]]>;
<![CDATA[Roza Yulida]]>;
<![CDATA[Evy Maharani]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 8, No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.8.2.189-202
<![CDATA[Agricultural extension is part of the national life, especially farmers, and important in promoting the general welfare and one of the keys to the success of strengthening farmer groups. The purpose of this research are: 1) to analyze the cost of production of paddy rice farming in the village Sihepeng Siabu District Mandailing Natal Regency of North Sumatera Province and 2) to analyze the income of rice farmers in Sihepeng Village, Siabu District Mandailing Natal Regency. This study was conducted from May to July 2015. The method used in this study was survey and sampling techniques used was disproportionate stratified Random Sampling. The sampling was 50% of the population, consisting of 54 beginner-class farmers, 9 advanced-class farmers. The results showed the average total cost of production of 0.1-1 ha land area was IDR 3.321.868 and the average total cost of production land area > 1 ha was IDR 18.840.333. Total net income received by farmers with land area of 0,1-1 ha was IDR 545.132.800 with an average income of IDR 8.016.659. Total net revenues received by farmers with land area of > 1 ha was IDR 638.586.400 with an average net income of IDR 42.572.427. Comparison of the results of the income of farmers with an area of 0.1-1 ha of rice field and > 1 ha much greater level of income of farmers in land area > 1 ha due to differences in the area of land owned by farmers. Results expected that the income of farmers in Sihepeng Village with a land area of 0.2 ha to be more efficient in the utilization of paddy fields. ]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF SIAMESE ORANGE FARMER’S HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN KUOK DISTRICT OF KAMPAR REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Fauzi Ardiansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Eliza Eliza]]>;
<![CDATA[Evy Maharani]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 12, No 2 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.12.2.168-179
<![CDATA[The study aims to analyze the household income of citrus farmers in Kuok Subdistrict, Kampar Regency based on agricultural income and non-farm income and analyze factors that affect the household income of siamese farmers. The research was conducted from March 2019 to April 2020 in Kuok District, Kampar Regency. The study was conducted by direct interview technique to siamese orange farmers, the number of respondents to 72 siamese orange farming households was taken accidentally from two villages namely Kuok Village and Four Halls. The data used is primary data and secondary data obtained from kuok subdistrict office, Kuok village office and four halls. The data is analyzed descriptively quantitaif and presented in table form. The results showed that based on the coefficient value of factors that affect the household income of siamese orange farmers, land area factors and total costs have a positive influence on the increase in household income of siamese orange farmers derived from farming. Income from farming contributes very much in household income which is 93.24 percent while outside the farm only contributes 6.76 percent. Income from siamese citrus farming contributes more than the oil palm farm. The average household income of siamese orange farmers is Rp. 6,392,359.77 per month. The value of R / C ratio obtained, siamese orange farming and palm oil is very feasible to develop because it has a R / C ratio above 1. Siamese citrus farming has an R/C ratio of 2.44 and palm oil farming has an R/C ratio of 3.31.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALISIS HUBUNGAN PATRON-CLIENT PETANI EKS UPP TCSDP DI DESA KOTO DAMAI KECAMATAN KAMPAR KIRI TENGAH KABUPATEN KAMPAR ]]>
<![CDATA[Wulandari Wulandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Evy Maharani]]>;
<![CDATA[Ermi Tety]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 7, No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.7.2.84-88
<![CDATA[The patron-client relationship was unbalanced relation between farmers with big compiler, at Koto Damai Village where the big compiler as patron and rubber farmers as client. patron-client relationship make a depedency beetwen each other. This research aim to analyze the patron-client relationship between farmers with big compiler for Ex UPP TCSDP farmers at Koto Damai Village Kampar Kiri Tengah District in Kampar Regency. The research method used survey methode. The sampling method in this research used purposive sampling with criteria of rubber crop age ranging from 21-23 years for 32 rubber farmers. Intake of sample to rubber compiler and factory used snowball sampling method by following its marketing channel. The research result at Koto Damai Village Kampar Kiri Tengah District in Kampar Regency that three marketing channel. Marketing channel 1 start from farmers to big compiler then big compiler sell to rubber factory at Medan. Marketing channel 2 starts from farmers to big compiler with intermediary traders then big compiler sell to rubber factory at Medan. Marketing channel 3 starts from farmers to big compiler with intermediary traders then big compiler sell to rubber factory at Pekanbaru.The relationship farmers with big compiler was patron-client relationship that was any depedent relationship where this relationship was most visible, resiprocity relationship, loyality relationship and personality relationship.]]>
<![CDATA[HUBUNGAN DINAMIKA KELOMPOKTANI SAGU TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KELOMPOKTANI SAGU DI KECAMATAN TEBING TINGGI BARAT KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MERANTI ]]>
<![CDATA[Ahmad Jihadul Ilmi Sukri]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosnita Rosnita]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulia Andriani]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Economics Vol 12, No 1 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Riau ]]>
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DOI: 10.31258/ijae.12.1.14-22
<![CDATA[The purpose of this research are: Analyze the ability of sago farmers and analyze the relationship of sago group dynamics relation to the ability of sago group in Tebing Tinggi Barat district of Kepulauan Meranti Regency. This research uses survey method. This research was conducted in Tebing Tinggi Barat district of Kepulauan Meranti regency starting from April 2017 until January 2018. The sampling of 70 sago farmers was taken by purposive sampling. The data analysis used is Likert Scale analysis and Rank Spearman correlation. The results of this study indicate that: The level of dynamics of sago farmer group is classified as "medium" with score value 3,06 and sago group ability level belong to "low" category with score value 2,44. Relationship dynamic relationship to the level of sago group ability in Tebing Tinggi Barat district has a two-way relationship that is positive and negative. The relationship consists of significant relationships, very significant and insignificant.]]>
