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INDONESIA
Jurnal Legalitas
Published by Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
ISSN : 19795955     EISSN : 27466094     DOI : 10.33756
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Jurnal Legalitas adalah peer review journal yang dikhususkan untuk mempublikasikan hasil penelitian mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum baik penelitian mandiri maupun penelitian yang berkolaborasi dengan dosen, terbit setiap bulan April dan Oktober. Jurnal Legalitas menerima artikel dalam lingkup hukum, ilmu hukum dan kajian isu kebijakan lainnya yang berfokus pada pengembangan dan pembangunan Ilmu Hukum di Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 140 Documents
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Urgensi Pengaturan Sui Generis Bagi Negara-Negara Ekuator Khususnya Indonesia Agung Prayuda Yahya
Jurnal Legalitas Vol 14, No 01 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (831.574 KB) | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v14i01.10209

Abstract

Kedudukan dan Pemanfaatan penggunaan GSO sampai dengan saat ini oleh negara berkembang khususnya negara-negara khatulistiwa dinilai masih menjadi masalah karena belum mencerminkan rasionalitas yang berkeadilan. Artikel ini akan membahas dua rumusann masalah yang pertama, bagaimana pengaturan sui generis bagi pemanfaatan GSO terhadap negara ekuator menurut Hukum Internasional? dan yang kedua bagaimana kedudukan Indonesia sebagai negara yang berada di jalur khatulistiwa dan urgensinya dalam pemanfaatan Geostasionary Orbit?. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaturan sui generis bagi pemanfaatan GSO terhadap negara ekuator menurut Hukum Internasional dan kedudukan Indonesia sebagai negara yang berada di jalur khatulistiwa dan urgensinya dalam pemanfaatan Geostasionary Orbit. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif. Subtansi isi rezim khusus (sui generis) usulan negara berkembang, negara khatulistiwa maupun negara lainnya intinya memiliki tuntutan yang relatif sama bahwa pengaturan penggunaan GSO menjadi wewenang UNCOPUOS dan penggunaan GSO dapat diterapkan secara adil dan memperhatikan kepentingan negara-negara khususnya negara yang memiliki karateristik alamiah yang unik dengan GSO, untuk alokasi penggunaan spektrum frekuensi dilakukan secara adil yang berdasar pada ketentuan dalam ITU. Sebagai suatu Negara yang berada di bawah garis khatulistiwa terpanjang membuat Indonesia menjadi negara yang memiliki posisi yang panjangnya sama dengan segment GSO yang terdapat di atas wilayah Indonesia.  Sehingga, untuk kepentingan Indonesia kedepannya, maka pemanfaatan segment GSO yang terdapat di wilayah bangsa Indonesia harus selalu dapat terjamin guna untuk kelangsungan serta keamanan dalam memanfaatkan segmen GSO itu sendiri. 
Illegality Of Income Tax Evasion In Edo State: Adopting An Automated Income Tax System As A Panacea Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Nwazi, Joseph; Ugiomo, Eruteya
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (662.309 KB) | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i1.19422

Abstract

In Nigeria, the governments are mandated to collect income tax from companies and individuals respectively. However, in Edo State, it has been observed that taxpayers often tend to evade their tax liability. Although, there are several provisions of the Personal Income Tax Act and judicial pronouncement prohibiting income tax evasion, however, income tax evasion in Edo State seem to be on the increase. It is in this regard, that this study tends to embark on a hybrid method of study concerning the causes of the current increase of income tax evasion in Edo State and proposing an automated income tax as a panacea. In this regard, 304 questionnaires were distributed to respondents resident in Edo State. Descriptive and analytical methods were adopted in analyzing the data obtained. The study, therefore, found that there are several causes of income tax evasion which include; inefficient and ineffective tax administration systems, corruption and inadequate information on the assets and income of the taxpayer. Furthermore, the study also found that the adoption of an automated income tax system could serve as a major solution to rectify the above identified challenges given its relevance and prospect, although, there are some challenges concerning an automated income tax system. It is, therefore, concluded and recommended that for there to be a level playing ground in further curtailing the incidence of income tax evasion in Edo State, there is a need to intensify the automated income tax system in curing some of the defects inherent in the system.
Legal Studies Regarding Pornography On Live Streaming Through Social Media In The Era Of Digital Disruption Tanaya, Farra Shalma; Rompis, Adrian E.; Rafianti, Laina
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 15, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (484.1 KB) | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v15i1.13920

Abstract

Technology in human life lately is increasingly needed and continues to develop. One form of development that occurs is the emergence of the Live Streaming feature. This feature appears on various social media platforms. There are even new applications that are intended to do Live Broadcasting—unfortunately, not only positive things that emerged due to this development. There have been several cybercrimes (cyber laws) that have negatively influenced internet users. Among them is the emergence of internet pornography. There is much Live Streaming that contains pornography in Live Broadcasting applications. The approach method used in this research is normative juridical, by examining the literature and reviewing positive law, which relates to the Law of Technology, Information and Electronic Transactions, and the Law of Pornography. This research will study the most appropriate way to regulate how Live Streaming containing pornography is viewed from Law Number 11 of 2008 jo. Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE act) and Law Number 44 of 2008 concerning Pornography (Pornography act) and actions that the Government can take to minimize pornographic content on Live Streaming on social media in Indonesia.
Reconstruction Of The Arrangements For The Appointment Of Advocates Kamaluddin, Moh; Sarbini, Sarbini; Lusiana, Wyda
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 15, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (468.407 KB) | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v15i2.16755

Abstract

The quality of advocates is currently in decline.  This is due to the absence of similarity of standardization between advocate organizations. In addition, there are also many prospective advocates who have an internship certificate even though they have never done a 2-year internship but are still appointed as advocates. The formulation of the problem in this article is to analyze; (1) Weaknesses  of the Advocate Appointment Arrangements in article 2 and article 3 of Law Number 18 of 2003 concerning Advocates and (2) The ideal construction of  Advocate Appointment Arrangements in  article 2 and article 3 of  Law Number 18 of 2003 concerning Advocates. This research uses  a conceptual approach with data collection techniques using interviews or filling out questionnaires and for secondary data derived from literature or legal documents then analyzed in a descriptive analysis . The result of the discussion The process of appointing advocates regulated in article 2 and article 3 of the advocate law has weaknesses; There is no obligation of the advocate organization to check the validity in the advocate appointment file, There are commercialization factors in the process of appointing advocates, There is no special institution that guarantees the standardization of the quality of advocates, therefore to overcome these problems it is necessary to regulate the Authority of the Advocate Organization to   re-verifying the documents of the Appointment of Advocates, The unity of the system of the cost of appointment of advocates, The establishment of standardization institutions with advocates. 
Urgency of Renewal of the Joint Ministerial Regulation on the Establishment of Houses of Worship: A Legal Analysis of the Status and Position Sumilat, Juliarto
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i2.20305

Abstract

This study discusses the urgency of renewing the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Religion Number 9 of 2006 and the Minister of Home Affairs Number 8 of 2006 related to the establishment of houses of worship. Researchers in studying the problem use normative legal research methods with a statute approach related to the legal issues being handled, namely examining PBM Numbers 9 and 8 of 2006. The author intends to legally analyze the status and position of the Joint Regulations of the Minister of Religion and the Minister Domestic Affairs is from the urgency aspect of its renewal. The author also uses a conceptual approach, which is intended to analyze existing legal material so that the meaning contained in legal terms can be known. The results of the study show that the importance of renewing the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 9 of 2006 and Minister of Home Affairs No. 8 of 2006 to create legal certainty for regulatory products; there is an excess of authority in PBM and there are multiple interpretations in the regulation of religious matters. The existence of PBM gave way to the fulfillment and implementation of worship being taken over by the regions, even though Article 10 of the Law on Regional Government states that religious affairs are an absolute authority that may not be handed over to the regions.
Ius Constituendum Of Electronic Evidence Arrangement In Criminal Procedure Law Lasaka, Mustalim
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i2.20306

Abstract

This research examines the legal status of electronic evidence in criminal procedures in Indonesia, highlighting the absence of its regulation within the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Electronic evidence is regulated separately from KUHAP, creating a conflict with the negative wettelijk evidentiary system, which limits evidence to the five types specified in Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The study identifies a legal gap, as some criminal laws permit electronic evidence to stand alone, while others treat it as an extension of traditional evidence. This lack of uniformity leads to legal uncertainty and overlaps in its application. The research focuses on two main issues: the legal force of electronic evidence and its potential regulation within KUHAP. Using a normative approach, including statutory, conceptual, and comparative methods, the study concludes that electronic evidence is currently categorised as "evidence" but not as "proof" under KUHAP. To address this, the study recommends revising KUHAP to explicitly incorporate electronic evidence by addressing five key points: (1) defining electronic evidence; (2) identifying which electronic evidence is admissible; (3) establishing methods for collecting electronic evidence; (4) verifying its validity; and (5) outlining its use in the evidentiary process. These revisions would provide clearer legal guidelines and ensure the criminal justice system evolves in line with technological advancements.
Harmonizing the National Legal System Through the Formation of Ideal Legislation Marikar, Moh. Fahriyanto
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i2.19941

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze an ideal formation of legislation in accordance with the times and the ideals of the Indonesian state as stated in the 1945 Constitution. This research uses the type of research used, namely normative-empirical (applied), which is research that examines the implementation or implementation of positive legal provisions (legislation) and written documents in action (factual) on any specific legal events that occur in society. Based on the results of the research, the researcher can conclude that a systemic approach to achieving legal harmonization can be carried out through several principles of approach, namely: analysis of the legal system as a whole, harmony and consistency between various legal regulations, consideration of legal impacts on society, and involvement of stakeholders in the harmonization process. Then, regarding harmonization in laws and regulations in Indonesia, in reality, there are still problems in the application of the hierarchy of laws and regulations. Such as the unclear position of the MPR Tap and Ministerial Regulations and also the position of existing Legislation in Article 7 and Article 8 of Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislation which is still confusing and not harmonious. Furthermore, to overcome the problems and juridical issues that exist in the Hierarchy of Legislation in Indonesia at this time the researcher modifies the Hierarchy of Indonesian Legislation as follows, the first order is filled by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia then the second order is filled by the Central Level Legislation, and the last is filled by regional level Legislation.
Socio-Legal Analysis Of The Utilization Of Letter Of Credit In International Business Transactions In Batam City Seroja, Triana Dewi; Shahrullah, Rina Shahriyani; Kurniawan, Jefri
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i2.19918

Abstract

The provisions governing the Letter of Credit (L/C) in the form of customs and practices commonly used in international trade are called the Uniform Customs and Practice for Commercial Documentary Credit (UCP), issued by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). This research aims to analyze the effectiveness issues of the letter of credit in international transactions in the banking sector using Soerjono Soekanto's Theory of Legal Effectiveness. The research adopts empirical legal research through a socio-legal approach. Primary data is obtained from in-depth interviews, while secondary data is collected from literature studies. All data are analyzed using qualitative methods. It has been found that the application of the Letter of Credit (L/C) in international transactions in the banking sector in Batam City is not effectively implemented based on legal factors, law enforcement factors, and societal factors. There are still obstacles and solutions needed for the creation of an effective Letter of Credit (L/C) in international transactions in the banking sector in Batam City
Discourse Of Electronic Evidence-Based Police Investigation In The Era Of Digital Transformation Famudin, Famudin
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v16i2.20901

Abstract

This study explores the integration of electronic evidence in criminal investigations within the Gorontalo Police Women and Children Protection Unit (PPA), examining the challenges and implementation in the digital era. The research uses an empirical legal approach, gathering primary data through interviews and secondary data from literature and legal texts. The study finds that while Indonesian laws—such as Law No. 02 of 2002 concerning the National Police, Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), and Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions—support the use of electronic evidence, the internal Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for investigating crimes based on digital data remain unclear. Primary challenges include inadequate SOPs, limited human resources, insufficient budgets, and a lack of necessary facilities and infrastructure. Furthermore, there is a high degree of sectoral ego, both within the community and among government agencies like the Office of Communication and Information, which complicates the coordination needed for effective electronic-based investigations. This study highlights the need for clearer guidelines and better resource allocation to fully leverage electronic evidence in criminal justice processes.
Implementation of Criminal Law Provisions Against Serial Murders in Indonesia Pepa, Cindy Oktaviany
JURNAL LEGALITAS Vol 15, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33756/jelta.v15i2.15592

Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of criminal law provisions and sentencing for serial killers in Indonesia, addressing critical gaps in the existing legal framework. Applying a normative legal research approach—employing statute, conceptual, and case analyses—the study identifies two key issues. First, Indonesian courts predominantly rely on Article 340 of the Criminal Code, which pertains to premeditated murder, owing to the absence of specific provisions for serial murders. This reliance induces inconsistencies in sentencing, as serial murders, owing to their unique characteristics, do not neatly align with existing legal definitions. Second, the study highlights the lack of explicit guidelines in the Criminal Code regarding the classification of serial murder and the minimum punishment for such crimes. Judges typically apply Article 340 in conjunction with other relevant articles. However, because of the absence of a standardized framework for determining the severity of serial murders, sentences vary, often leading to unjust outcomes. This study underscores the urgent need for legislative reforms in Indonesia to address these gaps, proposing the development of specific legal provisions for serial murders. By defining serial murder more accurately and setting unambiguous sentencing parameters, the law could ensure more consistent and just rulings. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on criminal law reform in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of adapting legal frameworks to better address emerging and complex criminal behaviors such as serial murder. The findings necessitate immediate attention to legal clarity and consistency in adjudicating severe crimes.

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