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Amerta
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/amt
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not exclusive, audiences are researchers, academicians, graduate students, practitioners, and others interested in archaeological research. AMERTA accepts original articles on historical archaeology-related subjects and any research methodology that meets the standards established for publication in the journal. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in historical archaeology, including, but not limited to: 1. Field of archaeological findings in Indonesia’s Proto History, Hindu-Buddhist, Islam, and Colonial periods; 2. New theoretical and methodological analyses; 3. Synthetic overviews of topics in the field of historical archaeology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 727 Documents
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OSTEOBIOGRAFI INDIVIDU NOMOR 38 DARI SITUS PRASEJARAH GILIMANUK Prayudi, Ashwin; Suriyadi, Rusyad Adi
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstract. Osteobiography of Individual Number 38 from Prehistoric Site of Gilimanuk. This research discusses Individual from Palaeometallic Burial Site of Gilimanuk, which is located in Bali, Indonesia. The skeleton is stored in the Laboratory of Bioanthropology and Palaeo-anthropology, Gadjah Mada University. The method used for this research is macroscopical analysis without using any destructive method. The results from this research show that this individual was a female, which age at death is around 50 years old. This individual also had palaeopathological problems such as dental attrition, dental fracture (the first molar of its left maxilla), broken right rib that happened while she was alive, fracture on spine and parturition scar. Moreover, this individual had osteophytes and porosity on temporomandibular joint, tarsal, carpal, spine and eburnation on talus which could be correlated with osteoarthritis. Keywords: Osteobiography, Osteoarthritis, Gilimanuk, Bali Abstrak. Tulisan ini membahas Individu Nomor 38, rangka manusia yang ditemukan pada Situs Paleometalik Gilimanuk dan sekarang disimpan di Laboratorium Bioantropologi dan Paleoantropologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis makroskopis tanpa menggunakan proses destruktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Individu Nomor 38 adalah perempuan dengan umur sekitar 50 tahun ketika meninggal. Selain itu, Individu Nomor 38 memiliki beberapa gangguan kesehatan, di antaranya adalah atrisi pada seluruh permukaan gigi, trauma pada molar pertama maxilla kiri, salah satu rusuk kanan patah ketika masih hidup, adanya parturisi, dan degenerasi persendian temporomandibular atau porositas pada fossa mandibularis. Disamping itu, terdapat pula osteopit dan porositas pada beberapa bagian tulang, seperti pada ossa carpi, ossa tarsi, ruas tulang belakang, dan eburnasi atau kilapan pada bagian talus yang merupakan gejala osteoartritis. Kata Kunci: Osteobiografi, Osteoartritis, Gilimanuk, Bali
TIPOLOGI DAN MAKNA TINGGALAN MEGALITIK DI PESISIR PANTAI UTARA KABUPATEN JAYAPURA Djami, Erlin Novita Idje
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017)
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Abstract. Typology and Meaning of Megalithic Remains in the North Coast of Jayapura Regency. Megalithic remains are a form of manifestation of social and cultural events in the past. The existence of megalithic findings was encountered in the northern coast of Jayapura regency. Judging from their forms, they are quite diverse and served as a symbol that explains the basis of life of the people of Papua. In respect of this, it is important to reveal the forms, functions, and meanings of the megalithic remains contained in them. The aim of this research is to determine the forms, functions, and meanings of the megalithic remains that represent nation’s identity. Data were collected through literatures, observation of megalithic objects, and interviews with informants. The result of the study on stone seats, menhirs and menhir statues, stone jars, Tajaho Rock, Ancestor Rock, Yendaepiwai Rock, Batu Permen (candy stone), Batu Sukun (breadfruit stone), Batu Lingkar (stone enclosure), Haby pain stove, and Somda Rock, as well as the folklores about those cultural objects reveal that the remains were functioned as seats, media of ceremonies, proof of ownership of indigenous territories, marks of historical origin, place for public discussion, a place that tells a story, a symbol of the ancestors, and historical evidence. The diversity of the megalithic findings is a symbol of their human supporters, which contains the meaning of life as the nation’s cultural character. Keywords: Megalithic remains, Form, Function, Meaning, Northern coastal regency of Jayapura Abstrak. Tinggalan megalitik merupakan suatu bentuk manifestasi dari peristiwa sosial budaya masyarakat masa lampau. Keberadaan temuan megalitik banyak ditemui di pesisir pantai utara Kabupaten Jayapura. Jika dilihat dari bentuknya, temuan itu cukup beragam dan merupakan simbol yang menjelaskan dasar kehidupan orang Papua. Sehubungan dengan itu, menjadi penting untuk mengungkapkan bentuk tinggalan megalitik tersebut, baik fungsi maupun makna yang terkandung didalamnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bentuk, fungsi, dan makna tinggalan megalitik yang menggambarkan jati diri bangsa. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka, observasi objek megalitik, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian bentuk tinggalan megalitik berupa kursi batu, menhir, dan arca menhir, Batu Tempayan, Batu Tajaho, Batu Nenek Moyang, Batu Yendaepiwai, Batu Permen, Batu Sukun, Batu Lingkar, Tungku Api (haby pain), dan Batu Somda, serta cerita rakyat yang melingkupi objek budaya tersebut. Tinggalan tersebut berfungsi sebagai tempat duduk, media upacara, bukti kepemilikan wilayah adat, tanda asal sejarah, tempat musyawarah, tempat yang bercerita, simbol nenek moyang, dan bukti sejarah. Keragaman temuan megalitik tersebut merupakan simbol manusia pendukungnya, yang mengandung makna kehidupan sebagai karakter budaya bangsa. Kata Kunci: Tinggalan megalitik, Bentuk, Fungsi, Makna, Pesisir utara Kabupaten Jayapura
KEBIJAKAN PENGUASA DALAM PELESTARIAN BANGUNAN KEAGAMAAN PADA MASA PEMERINTAHAN RAKAI WATUKURA DYAḤ BALITUNG (898-910 M.) Pradana, Yogi
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017)
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Abstract. Policy of the Authorities in the Preservation of Religious Buildings During the Reign of Rakai Watukura Dyaḥ Balitung (898-910 A.D.) This study discusses the policy of the authorities during the reign of King Balitung (898-910 A.D.) of Ancient Mataram Kingdom. The policy that was discussed in this study was the forms of preservation of religious buildings. The aim of this study was to provide information on the forms of preservation of religious buildings in the past. The method used in this study was inductive reasoning with descriptive-analytic approach. The analysis used in this study was structural analysis, which was making internal critic on inscriptions’ transliterations to generate interpretation about aspects of human life. Based on this study, it is known that the mention of the religious buildings’ preservation policy is expressed explicitly or implicitly, while the forms of policies to preserve religious buildings were among others renovation, addition of buildings, and maintenance. Keywords: Policy, Preservation, Religious buildings, Inscription Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas kebijakan penguasa pada masa pemerintahan Raja Balitung (898-901 Masehi) dari Kerajaan Mataram Kuno. Kebijakan yang dibahas bentuk pelestarian bangunan keagamaan berdasarkan data prasasti dari masa pemerintahan Raja Balitung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari bentuk pelestarian bangunan keagamaan pada masa lampau. Metode yang digunakan adalah penalaran induktif dengan sifat deskriptif-analitis. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa analisis struktural, yaitu melakukan kritik intern pada transliterasi atau alih bahasa isi prasasti untuk memperoleh penafsiran berupa aspek-kehidupan manusia. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa penyebutan kebijakan pelestarian bangunan keagamaan dalam prasasti disebutkan, baik secara tersurat maupun tersirat. Adapun bentuk-bentuk kebijakan penguasa dalam melestarikan bangunan keagamaan antara lain berupa renovasi, penambahan bangunan, dan perawatan bangunan. Kata Kunci: Kebijakan, Pelestarian, Bangunan keagamaan, Prasasti
KONSEP ZONASI PULAU PENYENGAT: SEBUAH ALTERNATIF Ramelan, W. Djuwita Sudjana; Oesman, Osrifoel; Ghautama, Gatot; Rahardjo, Supratikno; Widiono, Prio
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017)
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Abstract. Zoning Concept of Pulau Penyengat: An Alternative. Pulau Penyengat in the Province of Riau Islands could be considered as the only region that has intact cultural heritage buildings with Malay colour characteristic. Pulau Penyengat is an island of 3.5 km². There are dozens of buildings and structures which functions can still be identified and there are at least 16 which are still intact but neglected. The existence of these remains convinced us that the center of Malay culture is in Riau region. This study is to discuss the concept of zoning at each site in Pulau Penyengat that can be used as reference when the island is designated as heritage area. Important values embodied in the cultural heritage are also studied. This multidisciplinary study uses qualitative approach. Data is obtained through field observation, identification of cultural heritage, in-depth interviews, focused group discussion (FGD), and zoning delineation for each site. The data is analyzed through architectural, historical, cultural, development zoning, and law analysis. The result of this study is a concept of zoning for all sites in the region of Pulau Penyengat. Keywords: Cultural heritage, Zoning, Significant values, Pulau Penyengat Abstrak. Pulau Penyengat di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau dapat dikatakan satu-satunya wilayah yang memiliki tinggalan budaya berupa bangunan yang masih utuh dengan ciri warna kemelayuan. Pulau Penyengat ini merupakan pulau seluas 3,5 km². Di dalamnya terdapat puluhan bangunan dan struktur yang masih dapat diidentifikasi fungsinya dan sekurang-kurangnya ada enam belas yang masih utuh meskipun tidak terurus. Keberadaan tinggalan budaya itulah yang meyakinkan kita bahwa kebudayaan Melayu berpusat di wilayah Riau. Studi ini berkenaan dengan pembahasan konsep zonasi pada setiap situs di Pulau Penyengat yang dapat dijadikan acuan apabila ditetapkan sebagai kawasan cagar budaya. Selain itu, digali nilai-nilai penting yang terkandung pada warisan budayanya. Dalam studi multidisiplin ini digunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, identifikasi cagar budaya, in-depth interview, focused group discussion (FGD), dan delineasi untuk zonasi setiap situs. Data tersebut dikaji melalui analisis arsitektural, sejarah, budaya, pengembangan zonasi, dan hukum. Studi ini menghasilkan sebuah konsep zonasi semua situs di kawasan Pulau Penyengat. Kata Kunci: Cagar Budaya, Zonasi, Nilai penting, Pulau Penyengat
Appendix Amerta Volume 35, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017)
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Back Cover Amerta Volume 35, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 1 (2017)
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Cover Amerta Volume 35, Nomor 2, Tahun 2017 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 2 (2017)
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Preface Amerta Volume 35, Nomor 2, Tahun 2017 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 2 (2017)
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DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF PALAEOLITHIC STONE TOOLS FROM SULAWESI, COLLECTED BY THE INDONESIAN-DUTCH EXPEDITION IN 1970 Alink, Gerrit; Adhityatama, Shinatria; Simanjuntak, Truman
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 2 (2017)
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Abstrak. Analisis Deskriptif Alat Batu Palaeolithik dari Sulawesi, Hasil Ekspedisi IndonesiaBelanda pada tahun 1970. Studi ini menganalisis artefak temuan ekspedisi Indonesia-Belanda di tahun 1970 di Marale di hulu dan Beru di hilir Sungai Wallanae; termasuk menguji hipotesis bahwa penghalusan material kasar di hilir terjadi pada artefak kecil. Batu gamping, kersikan, dan rijang merupakan bahan yang dominan. Artefak umumnya mengalami abrasi dan pembundaran dari tingkat moderat hingga kuat. Hampir semua artefak terpatinasi. Teknik ‘crushing’ merupakan tipe dominan dari persiapan bidang dorsal dekat dataran pukul. Dataran pukul umumnya datar dan ujung distal tipis. Himpunan serpih Marale yang umumnya lebih lebar dan panjang dibandingkan himpunan serpih Beru mendukung hipotesis tersebut. Kebanyakan alat serpih merupakan serut samping. Sebagai tambahan, berdasarkan klasifikasi morfologi yang baru diperkenalkan, umumnya batu inti (70%) memiliki platform tunggal, berbentuk pyramidal atau polihedral, walaupun ada yang double platform. Perkiraan pertanggalan van Heekeren dari 200 dan 100 ka agaknya tepat, sebagaimana publikasi van den Bergh yang mempertanggal artefak in situ dari ekskavasi di daerah yang sama di antara 194 dan 118 ka. Kata Kunci: Sulawesi, Walanae, Palaeolithic, Alat-alat batu, Survei Abstract. This study analysis lithic artefacts collected by the Indonesian-Dutch expedition to Sulawesi in 1970. In addition, the hypothesis was tested that downstream fining of coarse material results in smaller artefacts. The artefacts were collected by surveying in Marale (upstream) and Beru (downstream) along the Walanae River. Most artefacts were abraded and rounded. Almost all artefacts were patinated. Silificied limestone and chert were the predominant raw materials for making stone tools. Crushing was the predominant type of dorsal face preparation near the striking platform. The dominant platform type was plain and the dominant distal end feather. The width and the maximal length of the flakes of Marale were significantly larger than those of Beru, confirming the above hypothesis. Most flake tools were side scrapers. In addition to the functional standard classification also a new morphological classification was introduced. Most cores (70%) were single platformed, pyramidal or polyhedral, but also double platformed cores were present. Dating of the stone tools between 200 and 100 ka as earlier suggested by van Heekeren might be plausible based on a recently published study by van den Bergh (2016) who dated in situ artefacts excavated in the same region between 194 and 118 ka. Keywords: Sulawesi, Walanae, Palaeolithic, Stone tools, Surveying
INDUSTRI ALAT MIKROLIT DI SITUS BALANG METTI: TEKNOLOGI TOALA AKHIR DAN KONTAK BUDAYA DI DATARAN TINGGI SULAWESI SELATAN Suryatman; Hakim, Budianto; Harris, Afdalah
AMERTA Vol. 35 No. 2 (2017)
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Abstract. The Microlith Tool Industry at Balang Metti Site: Late Toalean Technology and Cultural Contact in the Highlands of South Sulawesi. The presence and distribution of microlith tools in Africa, Europe, and Asia have often been debated by prehistorians. The technology was brought by Early Modern Humans out of Africa to some areas of Europe and Asia during the Late Pleistocene. In South Sulawesi, it exists from the Middle to Late Holocene and is classed as part of the ‘Toalean’ culture. Excavations at Balang Metti site revealed a layer of microlith tools representing an industry that occurred for no more than 3,500 years ago. This is remarkable as the site is located in the highlands, whereas all previously known Toalean occupation sites are dispersed throughout the lowlands of South Sulawesi. The purpose of our research is to explain this microlith technology, especially the implication of its cultural contact, which occurred up to the highlands. Research methods done by classified, counted, and measured all lithic artefacts from excavation. The results show that the early stages of flaking (reduction) occurred not only in the cave but also out of the site, possibly close to the raw material sources. Keywords: Microliths Tool, Toalean, Technology, Cultural Contact Abstrak. Kehadiran dan persebaran alat mikrolit di Afrika, Eropa, dan Asia telah diperdebatkan oleh kalangan peneliti prasejarah. Peralatan tersebut dibawa oleh manusia modern awal keluar dari Afrika ke beberapa wilayah Eropa dan Asia pada akhir Pleistosen. Di Sulawesi Selatan peralatan ini baru muncul pada pertengahan hingga akhir Holosen dan digolongkan sebagai bagian dari budaya Toalean. Penggalian di Situs Balang Metti menunjukkan lapisan budaya industri alat mikrolit berumur tidak lebih dari 3.500 tahun. Permasalahannya adalah situs tersebut berada di wilayah dataran tinggi, yang sebelumnya situs-situs hunian Toalean hanya ditemukan tersebar di wilayah dataran rendah Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan teknologi alat mikrolit dan implikasi kontak budaya yang terjadi hingga di dataran tinggi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan mengklasifikasi, menghitung, dan mengukur semua artefak batu dari penggalian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penyerpihan tidak hanya dilakukan di dalam gua, tetapi juga di luar gua yang mungkin tidak jauh dari lokasi pengambilan bahan. Kata Kunci: Alat Mikrolit, Toalean, Teknologi, Kontak Budaya

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