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Munawar Khalil
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joms@unimal.ac.id
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Department of Marine Science, Universitas Malikussaleh. Jl. Universitas, Reuleut Main Campus, North Aceh, Province of Aceh, 24351, Indonesia.
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Kota lhokseumawe,
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INDONESIA
Journal of Marine Studies
Published by Universitas Malikussaleh
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3047406X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.29103/joms.v1i1
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science
Journal of Marine Studies (JoMS) is an international peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal dedicated to publishing novel research articles, critical-review articles, case studies, short communications, methodological advances, and data papers on all aspects of the marine environment that contribute to systematic knowledge of ocean system and the impact of human activities on them, vice versa. JoMS publishes high-impact scientific articles across the extensive spectrum of marine science, technology and integrated studies (listed on focus and scope). JoMS has a definite aim to distribute a high-quality scientific journal with free Internet-based access for researchers, stakeholders, and other interested people throughout the globe. Journal of Marine Studies publishes original research articles, opinion essays, case reports, short communications, and critical reviews on all aspects of the marine environment. JoMS publishes scientific articles across the extensive spectrum of the marine sciences, including: Oceanography Marine biotechnology Marine biodiversity and living resources Marine geographic information system and remote sensing Marine geology marine pollution Marine fisheries Mariculture Marine genomic Marine policy and law Marine management and conservation Marine technology Marine climatology Marine paleontology Coastal and estuarine dynamic Marine socio-economic Marine modelling Related topics constitute the key elements of papers Integrated studies that link gaps between marine science disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Oseanografi
Articles 36 Documents
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Multivariate analysis of Bivalvia population in the Cunda Strait mangrove ecosystem, Lhokseumawe, Indonesia Syahrial, Syahrial; Ruzanna, Arina; Anggraini, Rika; Habib EY, M.; Ikhsan, Nur; Pane, Andina Ramadhani Putri; Khalil, Munawar
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 2 (July, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i2.21276

Abstract

Research on the diversity and density of Bivalvia populations as indicators of coastal ecosystem health, particularly using multivariate statistical approaches, remains limited in Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. This study aims to analyse the distribution and abundance of Bivalvia in the Cunda Strait mangrove ecosystem using multivariate statistical techniques. Field sampling was conducted in May 2024 at five observation stations, where Bivalvia were collected using a 1 x 1 m transect method. Data analysis included cluster analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS), analysis of similarity (ANOSIM), and similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) to assess species diversity and population density. A total of 10 Bivalvia species, representing five genera and four families, were identified. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.99 to 1.53, classifying the Bivalvia community into four distinct groups. Population density analysis revealed that Anadara sp2, Donax sp2, and Anadara sp1 exhibited the highest densities (4.80 ind/m², 2.80 ind/m², and 2.00 ind/m², respectively). Cluster and nMDS analyses further divided the Bivalvia density in the Cunda Strait into two distinct groups. The Bray-Curtis similarity index, applied by ANOSIM, indicated significant variation in the density of the Bivalvia population between observation stations (p < 0.05). SIMPER analysis identified Polymesoda sp as a key distinguishing species between multiple station pairs, including Stations 1 and 2, 1 and 3, 1 and 4, 1 and 5, 2 and 5, 3 and 5, and 4 and 5. Furthermore, Anadara sp2 was the main differentiating species between Stations 2 and 3, as well as between 2 and 4, while Anadara sp1 distinguished Stations 3 and 4. These findings highlight the spatial heterogeneity of Bivalvia communities in the Cunda Strait and underscore the utility of multivariate statistical approaches in coastal biodiversity assessments.
Evidence and impact of 2020 coral bleaching in West Lombok, Lesser Sunda Seascape, Indonesia Ghafari, Muhammad Irsyad Abiyusfi
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 2 (July, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i2.21520

Abstract

Periodic El Niño phenomena have led to severe mass coral bleaching events for most of the world's tropical coral reefs. In 2020, despite being the warmest year in the last century, limitations on any activity during the COVID-19 pandemic caused coral bleaching events in Indonesia not to be documented very well. This study aims to provide evidence of the mass bleaching episode in 2020 and its impact on the coral benthic ecosystem at one of the COREMAP-CTI (Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program – Coral Triangle Initiative) monitoring sites in West Lombok, Lesser Sunda Seascape, Indonesia. Integration of the locally brief monitoring results on coral bleaching indication in West Lombok, as well as the investigation on monthly sea surface temperature (SST), Spatial Bleaching Alert System data, and the results of delayed coral reef monitoring carried out in 2021 suggest that the coral bleaching may have occurred within the first quarter of 2020. That obscure bleaching event is believed to have contributed to the failure of recent coral recovery in West Lombok, in addition to anthropogenic pressure factors. Apart from the possible bleaching of corals in 2020, this indicates the need for the Indonesian government to establish more flexible monitoring systems that can be implemented even in difficult national situations, where a wide range of activities, such as the coral monitoring program, are restricted.
SOS in the mangrove ecosystem of Nazabal Beach in Encrucijada, Villa Clara, Cuba Garcí­a, José Javier Carrazana; Bacallao, Damaris Olivera; García, Rafael Armiñana; Pérez, George Argota; Castro, Oriali Fraga; Duarte, Rigoberto Fimia
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 2 (July, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i2.21697

Abstract

Climate change is an irrefutable reality that constitutes today, and in the future, one of the main threats affecting the survival of life on planet Earth. The objective of the research was to introduce the scientific result, social project: Monitoring the mangrove. The research was actually carried out in the village of Nazabal, Encrucijada, in the province of Villa Clara, Cuba. Fifteen students of the group of the twelfth-grade number 1 of the Urban Pre-University Institute "Miguel de la Guardia" participated in it. For the development of the research work, methods of information collection and processing of the collected information were used, as well as statistical and mathematical methods. It was found that students have little knowledge in relation to the mangrove ecosystem. The research enabled the students to develop actions that contributed to mitigate this problem. These were conceived in close relationship with the territorial delegation of the Ministry of Technology and Environment of Cuba. It was possible to verify during the research the dumping of solid waste in the mangrove roots, mangrove felling, dumping of debris and construction materials on the coastline, among others. The actions carried out in the study area made it possible to systematize concepts and skills of an ecological and protectionist nature and complied with the Action Plan for the implementation of the State Plan to Confront Climate Change. In order to mitigate the difficulties detected, a social project was introduced, which was evaluated by experts.
Microplastic distribution in the fish flesh as physical pollutants: Preliminary study Ezraneti, Riri; Hassan, Noor Artika; Miskon, Mohd Fuad; Mohamed, Juliana
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 2 (July, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i2.21802

Abstract

Microplastics, as physical pollutants, have become a hazard and can accumulate in fish tissues. There is limited documentation of the spread of microplastic buildup in fish flesh. The purpose of this research was to investigate the distribution of microplastics in fish flesh. This study used the golden threadfin bream (Nemipterus virgatus) as one of the commercial marine fish in peninsular Malaysia. The fish was dissected by filleting and separated through its dorsal, ventral, and caudal parts to observe if there was variation in the accumulation of microplastics in each part of the fish flesh. The findings show that the caudal part has the most microplastic accumulation compared to the dorsal and ventral parts. However, there is no significant difference in the amount of microplastic discovered in any part of the fish based on statistical analysis. The bulk of the microplastics identified are black and have a fibre form. Polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene are types of microplastics found in the fish flesh. This research shows that microplastics can accumulate in every part of the fish flesh in varying amounts. To accurately depict the average number of microplastics in fish flesh, it is recommended to randomly sample the fish flesh for detection.
Therapeutic potentials of marine-derived nutrients: Exploring the role of fish eggs and meat in disease prevention and health promotion Iqbal, Tasawar; Altaf, Sidra
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 2 (July, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i2.21803

Abstract

This article is a narrative literature review aimed at synthesizing current scientific knowledge on the nutritional and therapeutic properties of fish eggs and meat. Fish products, particularly fish eggs (roe) and meat, are rich in essential macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, such as omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, vitamins (D, B12, A), and minerals (iodine, selenium, phosphorus). These nutrients are associated with numerous health benefits, including cardiovascular protection, cognitive enhancement, anti-inflammatory effects, and improved joint health. The review also highlights the potential of fish-derived peptides, phospholipids, and antioxidants in modulating immune function and preventing chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, the bioavailability of these nutrients, as influenced by cooking methods and supplements, is discussed about optimizing their health benefits. Sustainability and safety concerns, particularly regarding contaminants like mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls are also addressed, with a focus on ethical harvesting and the environmental impact of fishing practices. Emerging research into fish-based nutraceuticals, functional foods, and innovative drug delivery systems, such as fish-based nanocarriers opens new avenues for enhancing human health. Biotechnological advancements, such as fermentation and hydrolysis, further enhance the bioactive potential of fish products. Overall, fish eggs and meat represent a valuable component of a health-promoting diet, offering significant therapeutic benefits. Future research should focus on sustainable sourcing, maximizing nutrient bioavailability, and further exploring the potential of fish products in disease prevention and treatment.
Post-bleaching patterns of Acanthaster planci, Culcita schmideliana, and Drupella spp. in coral nurseries and natural reefs, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives Mohamad, Elias Bin; Migliaccio, Oriana
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 3 (November, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i3.22084

Abstract

The 2024 mass coral bleaching event caused by prolonged thermal stress severely impacted numerous coral reef ecosystems across the Maldives, compromising structural complexity and recovery potential. Our study investigates the post-bleaching distribution, abundance, and ecological impact of key corallivorous species, Acanthaster planci, Culcita schmideliana, and Drupella spp., within two lagoon coral nurseries and a natural reef front in Kaafu Atoll, Maldives. Benthic surveys revealed varying degrees of coral loss due to bleaching. Live coral cover was lowest in lagoon coral nurseries (lowest, 14.2%) and highest at the reef front (34%). A. planci was absent from all transects, with only one individual sighted throughout the study. In contrast, C. schmideliana exhibited notable densities (up to 6 individuals/100 m²) on the reef crest and flat but was absent in lagoon nurseries. Drupella spp. were recorded at all sites, with highest densities and frequency of predation observed in Veli nursery (58%), where Acropora spp. were the most affected. Significant differences in snail size and aggregation intensity were found across the transects, with larger individuals on the reef front. The results suggest that while predators like A. planci remain rare post-bleaching, possibly due to the population control measures and thermal sensitivity, other underestimated predators such as Drupella spp. and C. schmideliana are exerting sustained pressure on recovering coral communities. Our findings highlight the need for targeted corallivore management in post-disturbance reef restoration strategies, particularly in coral nursery environments to support reef resilience and inform site-specific restoration strategies in nursery-based rehabilitation efforts.
Investigation into the influence of treatment parameters using central composite design (CCD) and characterization of chitosan extracted from marine crab shell wastes Sumaila, Abdulmumuni; Ibrahim, Jimoh; Yahaya, Muhammad Kabir; Sumaila, Ahmed Onimisi; Aniki, Samuel Adamariko
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 3 (November, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i3.22561

Abstract

The extraction and characterization of chitosan from marine crab shell waste have garnered significant attention due to the increasing demand for sustainable and biodegradable biomaterials. This study investigates the influence of critical treatment parameters on the extraction efficiency and quality of chitosan, using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) for optimization. Marine crab shells, an abundant seafood processing by-product, were subjected to a three-step extraction process involving demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. Key variables such as acid concentration, alkali concentration, reaction temperature, and treatment duration were systematically varied to evaluate their effect on chitosan yield and properties. The optimized extraction conditions yielded high-quality chitosan with improved physicochemical properties. Characterization techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to assess the functional groups, morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability of the extracted chitosan. The results confirmed the successful removal of calcium carbonate and proteins, and the presence of characteristic amine and hydroxyl groups indicative of chitosan. SEM analysis revealed a porous surface morphology suitable for biomedical and environmental applications. Statistical analysis of the CCD model showed a significant correlation between the treatment parameters and chitosan yield, with high predictive accuracy (R² > 0.95). This study not only demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing marine crab shell waste as a valuable resource but also highlights the effectiveness of CCD in optimizing biopolymer extraction processes. The findings contribute to the advancement of green chemistry and waste valorization strategies, promoting the circular bioeconomy and environmental sustainability.
From genes to ecosystems: A multidisciplinary approach to understanding and conservation challenges for the short-tailed sea snake Hydrophis curtus (Shaw, 1802) in India Hatkar, Prachi; Gupta, Satyam; Ramesh, Chinnasamy
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 3 (November, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i3.21664

Abstract

The reduction of marine reptile populations has emerged as a worldwide issue, prompting comprehensive investigations into the effects of altering environmental conditions. Examining sea snakes has consistently posed difficulties owing to the complexities of collecting, maintaining, and researching them in natural and controlled environments. The Hydrophiinae family of venomous marine snakes encompasses the Spine-bellied or Short-tailed sea snake, Hydrophis curtus, which is distributed from the Persian Gulf to eastern Australia. This study examines the conservation problems of H. curtus, incorporating genetic, ecological, and environmental methodologies to evaluate its population status and risks thoroughly. We thoroughly analysed 123 scientific publications published between 1802 and 2024, examining many facets of sea snake biology and the risks they encounter. This review consolidates and synthesizes prior research on H. curtus, emphasizing its interactions with humans in coastal India and adjacent areas. The review encompassed several subjects, including species distribution, habitat utilization, feeding ecology, reproductive behaviour, venom characteristics, and conservation challenges. Through field surveys, genomic methodologies, and habitat modelling, we ascertain critical conservation priorities and recommend management methods. Our results demonstrate considerable genetic diversity, substantial habitat concerns, and mortality imposed by fishing. The research emphasizes the necessity for focused conservation measures, encompassing habitat preservation, policy integration, and sustainable fisheries management.
Corrigendum to “Post-bleaching patterns of Acanthaster planci, Culcita schmideliana, and Drupella spp. in coral nurseries and natural reefs, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives” [Journal of Marine Studies, 2025, 2(3), 2301] Mohamad, Elias Bin; Migliaccio, Oriana
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 3 (November, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i3.23306

Abstract

Refer to:    Post-bleaching patterns of Acanthaster planci, Culcita schmideliana, and Drupella spp. in coral nurseries and natural reefs, Kaafu Atoll, Maldives. Journal of Marine Studies, 2(3), 2301. https://doi.org/10.29103/joms.v2i3.22084. Elias Bin Mohamad, Oriana Migliaccio
Evaluating the stock status of Trachurus trecae (Cadenat, 1950) in the Eastern Central Atlantic Ocean based on an extended surplus production model incorporating life history and fishery selectivity Konoyima, Komba Jossie
Journal of Marine Studies Volume 2, Issue 3 (November, 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/joms.v2i3.22956

Abstract

This study on Trachurus trachurus used data from the Regional Committee (CECAF). It employs JABBA-Select, a model that balances age-structured and traditional surplus production models, uniquely incorporating life history and fishery selectivity. Sensitivity scenarios included single and combined catch per unit effort (CPUE) data (1999-2017) for demersal and pelagic fisheries under logistic and dome-shaped selectivity functions. Results indicated that the demersal CPUE under logistic selectivity performed best, leading to a single-fleet analysis as the base case. Model results were robust against variations in natural mortality (M) compared to other input parameters, including steepness (h), while stock status perceptions remained consistent. The base case revealed an overexploited stock (SB/SBMSY = 66%) with a slow growth rate (r = 29%) in 2017. Catches exceeding 15,744 tons from 2022 to 2030 may not be sustainable. JABBA-Select is recommended for future assessments; however, careful consideration of input parameters is essential to minimize uncertainties.

Page 3 of 4 | Total Record : 36

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