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Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan, Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
ISSN : 14113082     EISSN : 25275372     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Physics
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika (JMG) is a scientific research journal published by the Research and Development Center of the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) as a means to publish research and development achievements in Meteorology, Climatology, Air Quality and Geophysics.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)" : 7 Documents clear
ANALISIS FENOMENA URBAN HEAT ISLAND BERDASARKAN TUTUPAN LAHAN DI KOTA PEKANBARU Sasmita, Aryo; Darmayanti, Lita; Putra, Iqbal Perdana
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.710

Abstract

Pekanbaru City is the capital of Riau Province with a variety of very rapid development activities along with the increasing number of city residents, resulting in reduced vegetative land. This is the cause of the increase in surface temperature in Pekanbaru City, especially in the city center, which can accelerate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of surface temperature and identify the UHI phenomenon in Pekanbaru City. The research method is to identify the distribution of surface temperatures in the research period 2013-2018. Extraction of surface temperature comes from Landsat 8 imagery. The UHI phenomenon is seen from the temperature difference between the downtown area represented by Sukajadi Village and suburban areas, namely Kulim Village, Tebing Tinggi Okura, Muara Fajar, and Tuah Karya. The results showed that Pekanbaru City experienced the UHI phenomenon during the study period, because the temperature was already more than 30℃ and there was a temperature difference between the city center and the outskirts of the city that exceeded 3℃.
MEMBANGKITKAN DATA CUACA HARIAN DARI DATA BULANAN: STUDI KASUS SULAWESI UTARA Supriyadi, Eko
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.718

Abstract

The limited availability of daily data is a major issue when working with weather datasets. It can lead to discontinuities in the data history that impact the accuracy of the model output, which is a function of the observation input. This study presents a simple technique for generating daily weather data from monthly data using synoptic observations from the North Minahasa Climatology Station (1989-2014). Our approach involves the use of logit, Fourier, and gamma functions. The generated rainfall exhibits a similar pattern to the observed rainfall, and the statistical test indicates no significant difference (p<0.000). However, the resulting correlation is low (0.33-0.49). Based on the seasonal division, both the generated and observed rainfall values are high in the December[1]January-February (DJF) season, followed by a decrease in the March-April-May (MAM) and June-July-August (JJA) and an increase in the September-October-November (SON) season. Additionally, there are discrepancies in rainfall generation compared to observations due to the use of uniform distribution random numbers, which tend to overlook temporal specificity. Moreover, other meteorological factors, such as temperature and relative humidity, generate daily values from monthly data that closely resemble observations, with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.8. This is due to the Fourier function’s lack of a field variability factor.
DURASI PENYINARAN MATAHARI DAN DIURNAL TEMPERATURE RANGE SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI PONTIANAK, INDONESIA Nelvi, Afni; Nata, Refky Adi
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.817

Abstract

Sunshine Duration (SD) has an important role in climate change or the weather on the earth. Climate change can be indicated by changing SD values ​​(dimming/brightening) in recent decades. SD and diurnal temperature range (DTR) analysis needs to be done to find out how significant the impact of climate change. The daily dataset from 1981-2019 of SD, DTR, Tmean, Tmax, Tmin, and rainfall in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, is analyzed with Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and wavelet coherence (WTC). Results of CWT using the Morlet wavelet SD have a dominant period of 8-16 months. DTR has a dominant period of 8-16 months and 32-64 months. The increase in SD indicates that Pontianak is in a brightening period caused by changes in the characteristics of clouds and aerosols. It causes an increase in the amount of solar energy reaching the earth's surface. Climate change has been detected by the decrease in DTR. A negative correlation was found between DTR and SD (r = -0.80). DTR is a very good indicator of climate change because of its sensitivity to radiative energy balance. Changes in SD have a significant impact on Tmean, Tmax, and Tmin. The increase of Tmin, faster than Tmax, causes a decrease in DTR. Tmin is predicted to be higher. Tmean and Tmax have dominant periods of 8-16 months, while Tmin has dominant periods of 12-20 months and 32-64 months. The increase in temperature detected during this period is associated with peatland forest fires in Kalimantan. This condition occurs due to the effect of the brightening period and increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Rainfall is detected in the period of 4-8 months and 8-16 months. The drought associated with the El Nino event resulted in a large amount of rainfall deviation from normal.
Prekursor MJO-Crossing (MJO-C) dan MJO-Blocking (MJO-B) di Benua Maritim Berdasarkan Transpor Kelembapan Fahim, Akhmad; Trilaksono, Nurjanna Joko
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.906

Abstract

Research on MJO propagation that is blocked when crossing the Maritime Continent (MC) is a complex problem. This research aims to determine the precursors of MJO-Crossing (MJO-C) and MJO-Blocking (MJO-B) based on moisture transport analysis. Hovmöller analysis on MJO-C and MJO-B is performed using precipitation data retrieved from the TRMM satellite (3B42v7) in the ONDJFM period 1998-2015 to characterize the propagation of MJO-C and MJO-B. The difference between MJO-C and MJO-B propagation is further investigated using specific humidity and horizontal wind data from ERA-Interim ECMWF to examine the moisture source and vertical structure of specific humidity in MJO-C and MJO-B. Additionally, we conducted wind divergence analysis at 700hPa to identify the characteristics of wind patterns in MJO-C and MJO-B events. Our investigation revealed that during the precursor period (day -15 to -5) or before MJO arrived at the Maritim Continent, there was a weakening of moisture supply in MJO-B events due to the existence of a westward-propagating dry anomaly. This dry anomaly mixed with the moist anomaly of MJO convection could reduce the intensity of moisture and dissipate MJO convection. The westward-propagating dry anomaly indicates the influence of Equatorial Rossby (ER) waves, which can inhibit MJO propagation across the Maritime Continent.
Analysis of Land Cover Changes to Increase Land Surface Temperature in Surabaya using Landsat Satellite Prayuda, Shanas Septy; Kusuma, Maritha Nilam
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.968

Abstract

Surabaya has experienced very significant development in the last few decades. Changes in land use will cause the Urban Heat Island phenomenon. This study aims to determine how far the impact of land cover changes on the increase in surface temperature in the Surabaya. The use of Landsat satellite imagery is considered very effective in describing land cover and surface temperature because it has good spatial resolution and long data availability. During 1991 – 2020 there was a significant decrease in the amount of vegetation by 24.3%, decrease in the number of water bodies by 4.9%, and increase in the number of buildings by 29.2%. The average increase in Land Surface Temperatures was 1.40°C between decades 2 and 1, and an increase of 2.19°C between decades 3 and 2. The development of Surabaya began in the city center and then developed mainly in the west and east. The urban development model is consistent with the pattern of land surface temperature changes. Each type of land cover has special characteristics on the value of NDVI, NDBI, and surface temperature. Changes in cover from water bodies to buildings have the highest contribution to increasing the and surface temperature. There was a significant increase in hotspots in decade 3 in Surabaya which indicated an increasingly severe UHI phenomenon.
Calibration Indonesian-Numerical Weather Prediction using Geostatistical Output Perturbation Sutikno, Sutikno; Cahyoko, Fajar Dwi; Putra, Fernaldy Wananda; Makmur, Erwin Eka Syahputra; Hanggoro, Wido; Taufik, Muhamad Rifki; Aza, Vestiana
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.1037

Abstract

Indonesian-Numerical Weather Prediction (INA-NWP) is a numerical-based weather forecast method that has been developed by the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency. However, the forecast is still unable to produce accurate weather forecasts. Geostatistical Output Perturbation (GOP) is a weather forecast method derived from only one deterministic output. GOP takes into consideration the spatial correlation among multiple locations simultaneously. GOP is capable to identify spatial dependency patterns that are associated with error models. This study aims to obtain calibrated forecasts for daily maximum and minimum temperature variables using GOP at 10 meteorological stations in Surabaya and surrounding areas. The stages in performing temperature forecasts using GOP are obtaining regression coefficient estimators, then calculating empirical semivariograms and estimating spatial parameters. Based on several weather forecast indicators, such as RMSE and CRPS, GOP is better than INA-NWP in terms of precision and accuracy.
VARIABILITAS INTERANNUAL HUJAN MONSUN INDONESIA: REVIEW ARTIKEL TENTANG PENGARUH GAYA EKSTERNALNYA Mulsandi, Adi; Koesmaryono, Yonny; Hidayat, Rahmat; Faqih, Akhmad; Sopaheluwakan, Ardhasena
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v24i2.1049

Abstract

The IMR variability is notorious for its hydrometeorological disasters. This paper examines recent studies on IMR and the main factors controlling its variability. The focus of this study is to investigate the impact of the atmosphere-ocean interaction that acts as the external forcing of IMR in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. Specifically, the study will examine the influence of two climate phenomena, namely the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and their interdecadal changes associated Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), on the IMR. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. Furthermore, data sets (such as rainfall, wind field, and SST) spanning 1990-2020 were used to verify the key findings. In general, this study concludes that the majority of the authors coincided with the following conclusion: ENSO and IOD events impact IMR by changing its amplitude, duration, intensity, and frequency of mean and extreme rainfall. Additionally, it has been shown that their impacts on IMR are most substantial during the dry seasons, specifically in June, July, and August (JJA), and not as strong as during the wet seasons, specifically in December, January, and February (DJF). Spatially, the effects of ENSO and IOD on IMR variability are clearly found more eastward and westward of the region, respectively. The expansions towards the east and west directions were facilitated by the displacement of the ascending and descending of Walker circulation patterns in the Indonesian region, respectively. Given the interannual fluctuations in IMR, caused mainly by ocean-atmosphere interactions, the knowledge gap of atmospheric factors like the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) must be investigated in the future, as suggested by previous research and our preliminary study.

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