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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526951     EISSN : 25026844     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry Physics
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science publishes basic research articles and conceptual of Chemistry, issued three (3) times a year, overall 10 articles per issued. To commemorate important events and agenda, may be issued a special edition that will include 10 articles in each issue.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science" : 11 Documents clear
Potential of Endophytic Bacterial Isolates from Meniran Plants (Phyllanthus niruri L. ) as Antibacterials that Cause Diarrhea Artita, Nola; Karya Ramadhani , Novinda; Amelia Putri , Sisilia; Kharisma Swandi , Monica
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.17414

Abstract

Abstrak : Tanaman meniran (Phylanthus niruri L.) dimanfaatkan dibeberapa daerah sebagai obat diare. Pada masyarakat didaerah Kelurahan Lubuk Tanjung Kecamatan Lubuklinggau Barat, suku Madura di Kecamatan Lenteng, Guluk-Guluk, dan Bluto diolah dengan cara bagian daunnya ditumbuk dan direbus. Metode riset dimulai dari dilakukannya isolasi bakteri endofit, penapisan isolat bakteri endofit dengan metode uji antagonis, uji biokimia, fermentasi dan ekstraksi metabolit sekunder, skrining fitokimia ekstrak metabolit sekunder bakteri endofit, uji aktivitas antibakteri difusi cakram, dan analisis data. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapatkan, disimpulkan bahwa isolat bakteri endofit yang didapatkan dari sampel daun tanaman meniran sebanyak 10 isolat bakteri endofit, 3 diantaranya menunjukkan nilai antagonis lebih besar terhadap bakteri uji yaitu Escherichia coli dan Shigella dysentriae yaitu isolat bakteri Na(P)1, Na(P)2, dan Na(P)5. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dari ketiga isolat tersebut menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri Na(P)1 positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, dan steroid, isolat bakteri Na(P)2 positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, dan triterpenoid, serta isolat bakteri Na(P)5 positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, dan steroid. Ekstrak etil asetat isolat bakteri endofit memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling besar terhadap Escherichia coli pada isolat Na(P)5 dan Shigella dysentriae pada isolat NA(P)2.   Abstract : The meniran plant (Phyllanthus niruri L.) is used in several areas as a diarrhea medicine. In the people of Lubuk Tanjung Village, West Lubuklinggau District, Madurese tribes in Lenteng, Guluk-Guluk and Bluto Districts, it is processed by pounding and boiling the leaves. The research method starts with isolating endophytic bacteria, screening endophytic bacterial isolates using the antagonist test method, biochemical tests, fermentation and extraction of secondary metabolites, phytochemical screening of secondary metabolite extracts of endophytic bacteria, disc diffusion antibacterial activity tests, and data analysis. From the research results obtained, it was concluded that there were 10 endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from samples of meniran plant leaves, 3 of which showed greater antagonistic values ​​against the test bacteria, namely Escherichia coli and Shigella dysentriae, namely Na(P)1, Na bacterial isolates. (P)2, and Na(P)5. The content of secondary metabolite compounds from the three isolates showed that the Na(P)1 bacterial isolate was positive for containing flavonoid, alkaloid and steroid compounds, the Na(P)2 bacterial isolate was positive for containing flavonoid, alkaloid and triterpenoid compounds, and the Na(P) bacterial isolate )5 was positive for containing alkaloid compounds and steroids. Ethyl acetate extract of endophytic bacterial isolates had the greatest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in Na(P)5 isolates and Shigella dysentriae in NA(P)2 isolates.
In Silico Study of Antioxidant Compounds in Ipomoea aquatica Forsk as Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Enzyme Inhibitor in Alzheimer’s Disease Nugraha, Salma E.P; Rini Madyastuti Purwono
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.18022

Abstract

Alzheimer’s Disease is a form of dementia characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function, encompassing various aspects of intellectual abilities. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme that degrades the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and plays an important role in regulating neurotransmission at synapses across the nervous system. Disruption of this cholinergic transmission significantly impacts the development of Alzheimer's disease. Compounds with AChE inhibitory activity are known to be promising drug candidates for treating this disease. In this study, an in-silico analysis was conducted on antioxidant compounds, specifically carotenoid compounds from Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, to determine whether these compounds could be potential drug candidates for Alzheimer's treatment using molecular docking methods. The 3D structure of the Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) receptor was obtained from the Protein Data Bank, while the structure of the carotenoid compounds was obtained from the PubChem database. The software used for the molecular docking simulation was AutoDock Vina, with additional supporting software such as AutoDockTools 1.5.6, PyMOL, and LigPlot. The analysis results showed that β-carotene is the best antioxidant, with binding energy and inhibition constant values of -10.2 kcal/mol and 20.06 μM, respectively, with hydrogen bonding occurring at the amino acid residue PHE 295.
Effect of the Chemical Treatment on the Oxalate Content during the Preparation of Starch Flour from Beneng Taro (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) Az-Zahra, Hanifah; Alauhdin, Mohammad
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.20001

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki beragam jenis umbi-umbian salah satunya yaitu talas beneng. Hal yang menjadi kendala dalam pemanfaatan talas ini yaitu terdapatnya senyawa oksalat. Pada penelitian ini, larutan kimia seperti NaCl, NaHCO3, dan CH3COOH dengan berbagai konsentrasi digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan kimia terhadap kadar oksalat pada proses pembuatan tepung pati talas beneng (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch). Umbi talas direndam dalam larutan tersebut dan di dalam aquadest sebagai kontrol lalu dijadikan tepung pati. Filtrat hasil perendamannya dianalisis dengan metode titrasi permanganometri untuk mengetahui kadar oksalat terlarut. Tepung patinya dianalisis kadar oksalat larut dan total menggunakan metode HPLC. Filtrat hasil perendaman umbi talas di dalam CH3COOH 20% memiliki kadar oksalat tertinggi sebesar 3630,32 mg/100g umbi segar. Tepung patinya yang memiliki kadar oksalat larut paling tinggi yaitu umbi yang sebelumnya direndam dalam NaCl 20% dengan kadar sebesar 0,0421 mg/100g tepung pati. Sampel tepung pati tersebut dianalisis lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui kadar oksalat total, kadar oksalat totalnya sebesar 0,5320 mg/100g tepung pati. Berdasarkan nilai kadar oksalat larut dan total dapat dihitung kadar oksalat tidak larutnya, umbi yang sebelumnya direndam dalam NaCl 20% memiliki kadar oksalat tidak larut sebesar 0,4899 mg/100g tepung pati
ACTIVITY OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS IN DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF MANGO LEAVES Lestari, Hartatik Sri; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.22734

Abstract

Exposure to free radicals in the body in amounts that exceed normal limits can trigger the emergence of various diseases. The formation of free radicals can be inhibited or stopped using antioxidant compounds. Mango leaves are one of the natural materials known to contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids and phenolics that can be used as natural antioxidants. The writing of this article aims to determine the activity of the chemical compound in various kinds of mango leaves as a natural antioxidant to ward off free radicals based on literature review of the original articles conducted through a search engine with keywords antioxidant, mango leaves. The results of antioxidant activity of mango leaves as to free radical scavengers were obtained from 11 varieties, namely arumanis, bacang, gadung, gedong, kasturi, manalagi, podang, binjai, tandui, irwin, and machang pulasan. Mango leaves contain high secondary metabolite compounds that have potential as antioxidants with highly variable activity. The strongest results were shown in the mango gadung variety with an IC50 value of 3,263 ppm (very strong) using maceration method extraction with DPPH test. Factors that can affect the amount of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity are the type of mango variety and growing location. Mango leaf as an antioxidant has the potential to be utilized for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Efektivitas Bioinsektisida Ekstrak Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) dalam Mengendalikan Populasi Semut dan Jangkrik di Lingkungan Devy Lestari; Faticha Amalia Marsyanda; Martha Rully Meiva Ayu; Timbul Wibowo
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.23619

Abstract

Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) merupakan tanaman yang diketahui mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif, seperti flavonoid, saponin, dan terpenoid, yang berpotensi sebagai insektisida alami. Penggunaan insektisida sintetis yang berlebihan dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia, sehingga diperlukan alternatif berbasis bahan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas ekstrak daun kenikir sebagai biopestisida terhadap semut dan jangkrik serta menentukan konsentrasi optimal yang memberikan efek toksisitas tertinggi. Ekstraksi senyawa bioaktif dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Uji efektivitas dilakukan dengan berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak (25%, 50% dan 75%) yang diaplikasikan pada serangga uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kenikir memiliki aktivitas insektisida yang signifikan, dengan konsentrasi 75% menunjukkan tingkat mortalitas tertinggi. Senyawa aktif dalam ekstrak diduga bekerja dengan mengganggu sistem saraf dan metabolisme serangga. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak daun kenikir berpotensi sebagai biopestisida alami yang ramah lingkungan dan dapat menjadi alternatif yang efektif terhadap insektisida sintetis dalam pengendalian hama.
Characterization of CMC and Its Effect on Physical Stability and Shelf Life of Psidium guajava Arya Avif Alviansyah; Annisa Zahra Ramadhan; Nisrina Azhaar Athaya; Suci Nuraiza; Silvi Permata Defisna; Ibnu Hibban Tasman; Mohammad Khotib
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.25250

Abstract

Psidium guajava has a high content of vitamin C as an antioxidant that is easily damaged. One way to make it stable with stabilizers in the form of hydrocolloids, which are commonly used is carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC). The study aims to determine the effect of CMC addition on guava juice drinks with variations in temperature and storage duration and determine the shelf life. Methods include characterization of CMC (water content, organoleptic and viscosity, pH, NaCl content and purity). Guava juice beverage formulation was made by varying CMC concentration (organoleptic, viscosity, pH and vitamin C content). The best result (0.5% w/b) was continued with temperature treatment of 26°C and 16°C, and observation for 25 days. The results showed that CMC had a purity of 98.54% with NaCl of 1.46% and other results showed that it met the SNI/FAO requirements. The test of CMC addition proved to be able to stabilize the juice based on the viscosity of each treatment, but reduced the level of acidity at 16°C. The 26°C treatment changed color and odor on day 10 while at 16°C it lasted until day 20. Vitamin C content showed that on days 10-15 the treatment stored at 26°C decreased to 0.1 mg/g while at 16°C it was stable until day 25. Determination of shelf life using a mathematical model of degradation kinetics.
Molecular Docking Senyawa Fiscalin b, Isoleutherin, Eleutherol, Kaempferol, dan Luteolin pada Tumbuhan Physalis angulata Linn. sebagai Anti Kanker Lidah pada Protein MMP-9 Riani, Nadia Nanda; Saputro, Anjar Hermadi; Auli, Winni Nur; Azizah, Nadya Nur; Simorangkir, Nanda Lenny Yuniaty br; Hutabarat, Stefanny Herlin Natalya; Natalia, Dela
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.25817

Abstract

Kanker lidah adalah jenis kanker rongga mulut yang agresif dengan angka kejadian dan kematian tinggi, terutama karena diagnosis terlambat dan terbatasnya pilihan terapi efektif. Protein Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) berperan penting dalam invasi dan metastasis sel kanker lidah dengan kemampuan mendegradasi matriks ekstraseluler, sehingga memfasilitasi penyebaran kanker. Tanaman herbal ciplukan (Physalis angulata Linn.) mengandung senyawa aktif seperti Lutheolin, Isoleutherin, yang berpotensi sebagai agen antikanker. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi afinitas senyawa Isoleutherin, Luteolin, Fiscalin b, Eleutherol, Kaempferol terhadap protein MMP-9 menggunakan metode molecular docking. Hasil menunjukkan Isoeleutherin memiliki energi ikatan bebas terendah (-8,49 kkal/mol), lebih rendah dibandingkan senyawa lain seperti Fiscalin b (-7,74 kkal/mol), Eleutherol (-7,73 kkal/mol), Kaempferol (-7,47 kkal/mol), dan Luteolin (-8,07 kkal/mol). Isoeleutherin memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker lidah walaupun kemampuannya tidak lebih baik dari ligan alaminya.
Structure-Based Identification of Sanketan Heliotropium indicum as a RANK-RANKL Inhibitor: A Bioinformatics Approach for Osteoporosis Therapy rizkita, aden; Sintia Ayu Dewi; Taufik Muhammad Fakih; Candra Hermawan; Vivi Amalia Dwi Pratiwi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.25933

Abstract

Heliotropium indicum, a traditional medicinal plant, contains a variety of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic effects. This study employed a structure-based virtual screening approach to evaluate the inhibitory potential of selected compounds from H. indicum against RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand), a key regulator in osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis. Molecular docking simulations were performed using AutoDockTools integrated with PyRx, targeting the RANKL crystal structure (PDB ID: 3QBQ). The binding free energy (ΔG) values were used to assess ligand affinity, with Indicine (–5.6 kcal/mol), Heliotrine (–6.0 kcal/mol), and 24-Methylenecholesterol (–6.6 kcal/mol) demonstrating the strongest binding affinities. Interaction analyses revealed stable hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic contacts with key residues such as SER296, ARG222, and GLY96. Further ADME-Tox profiling and Lipinski’s Rule of Five filtration indicated that most compounds possess favorable pharmacokinetic properties, including high gastrointestinal absorption, non-substrate behavior toward P-glycoprotein, minimal CYP450 inhibition, and low toxicity risks. Notably, Indicine and Heliotrine exhibited superior drug-likeness and safety profiles, while 24-Methylenecholesterol also emerged as a promising lead despite slightly lower binding affinity. These findings suggest that specific bioactive constituents of H. indicum could serve as potential RANKL inhibitors for osteoporosis therapy. The combined computational evaluations provide a strong foundation for future in vitro and in vivo validation, supporting the development of novel phytopharmaceuticals targeting bone resorption pathways
Difference Effect of Addition of Acetic Acid and Citric Acid on the Biodegradation Characteristics of Starch-Based Bioplastics Julian, Alfira; Rafidah Almira Samosir; Mutia Ardila; Ekin Dwi Arif Kurniawan
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.28455

Abstract

Bioplastik merupakan salah satu alternatif potensial untuk menggantikan plastik konvensional, karena sifatnya yang mudah terdegradasi sehingga lebih ramah lingkungan. Bioplastik dapat disintesis dari pati dan gliserol dengan penambahan asam organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pengaruh penambahan asam asetat dan asam sitrat terhadap laju degradasi bioplastik yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan kemasan ramah lingkungan. Bioplastik dibuat menggunakan dua formulasi, yaitu: (1) pati, gliserol, dan asam asetat (cuka), serta (2) pati, gliserol, dan asam sitrat (jeruk nipis), dengan rasio komposisi 18:1,5:1,5 mL. Produk bioplastik yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji sifat biodegradabilitasnya melalui pengamatan selama tiga belas hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis bioplastik belum mengalami degradasi sempurna hingga hari ketiga belas. Namun, pertumbuhan jamur lebih banyak teramati pada bioplastik berbasis asam sitrat. Hal ini diduga berkaitan dengan tekstur bioplastik asam sitrat yang lebih lembap dibandingkan dengan bioplastik yang menggunakan asam asetat. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa jenis asam yang digunakan dalam pembuatan bioplastik dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kelembapan dan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme selama proses degradasi.
Characterization of Tobacco Stem Biochar for Controlled Release Fertilizer at Varying Pyrolysis Conditions Prasiefa, Mizanurafi' Ghifarhadi; Firmansyah, Daniyal
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v14i3.29335

Abstract

The development of Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) aims to reduce nutrient losses and environmental pollution caused by the rapid nutrient release from conventional fertilizers, which can result in 40%–90% NPK loss. This study focuses on producing tobacco stem biochar (TSB) through pyrolysis of tobacco stem powder to support CRF applications. The objective is to determine the optimal pyrolysis condition that yields TSB with properties suitable for land remediation and enhanced plant growth. Tobacco stem powder was subjected to pyrolysis under varying conditions, with TSB-3—produced at 600°C for 1 hour and an average heating rate of 30°C/min—emerging as the most efficient. This variant achieved a 28.99% mass yield, 73.09% fixed carbon, 77.47% porosity, 521.81 m²/g surface area, and 555.68 microns particle size. Additionally, it had a pH of 9.51, 24.18% nitrogen, 2.1% phosphorus, 1.8% potassium, 8.499 meq/100g CEC, 0.323 dS/m EC, and a salt index of 2.58. Enzymatic activities included 2.47 µmol/mL/min urease, 1.89 µmol/mL/min phosphatase, and 48.1 µmol/mL/min dehydrogenase. These results suggest TSB-3 is a promising candidate for nutrient carrier in CRF formulation, contributing to sustainable agriculture through improved nutrient use efficiency and soil health enhancement.

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