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Journal of Clean Technology
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 24608874     EISSN : 24609811     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
The Journal of Clean Technology (JoCT) is a leading peer-reviewed publication dedicated to advancing research and innovation in the field of clean technology. JoCT provides a platform for scientists, engineers, policymakers, and industry professionals to disseminate cutting-edge research, exchange ideas, and promote sustainable solutions to global environmental challenges. JoCT has a printed and online standard serial number which is p-ISSN 2460-8874 (printed version) and e-ISSN 2460-9811 (electronic version).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (Lain-Lain)
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026" : 5 Documents clear
Chronological innovations in biogas biodigesters design technology in Ethiopia Kedir, Miftah F.
Journal of Clean Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/joct.v3i1.34362

Abstract

Biodigester design of National Biogas Programme of Ethiopia (NBPE) was modified five times from the year 2009 to 2023. Three more design model biodigesters were introduced namely small and medium scale prefabricated plastic geomembrane and medium sized fixed dome biodigesters. The five biodigesters modified were SINIDU 2008, SINIDU 2010, Solid State Digester (SSD), Black Cotton Soil Digester (BCD) and MITIN 2012 (2.5m3). Simplicity during construction, affordability, environmental conditions and needs of users were the main benefits obtained in chronologically improved SINIDU biodigester models. In NBPE, the last modified biodigester used in all environmental conditions was SINIDU 2010 that replaced both SINIDU and SINIDU 2008. Modification of the design did not have considerable change on daily biogas production rate. For example, SINIDU, SINIDU 2008 and SINIDU 2010 produces 2m3, 1.75m3 and 1.75m3 biogas per day with 50kg of daily cow dung, respectively. Introduced alternative prefabricated design was suitable for the users and masons as the design is easy to install and adaptable to different environmental conditions. Introduction of solid baffle to SINIDU 2008 and its following version to get less volume of buffer resulted in less Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) from 50 days in SINIDU model to 35 days in SINIDU 2008. Other design modification was for MITIN 2012 biodigester which the manhole is at the top of the dome and sealed but for other models it is through outlet chamber. The design for BCD is robust than other designs due to its spherical/oval shape but for SINIDU model and its version, the shape of the digester is cylindrical. Innovations such as SSD and injera mitad and stove were at pilot stage and not scaled up. Therefore, research institutes and universities should strengthen additional roles on further modification/development of injera mitad and stove to get easy access to market penetration.
Improvement of Microbial Fuel Cell Electricity Generating with Bacterial Isolate Implementation on Electrode in Liquid Waste of Pindang Fish Processing improvement of Microbial Fuel Cell Electricity Generating with Bacterial Isolate Implementation on Electrode in Liquid Waste of Pindang Fish Processing Ibrahim, Bustami; Desniar; Muyassar, Rofi
Journal of Clean Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/joct.v3i1.34690

Abstract

Abstract Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) can generate electricity from organic substances which is converted to simply chemical component to discharge protons and electrons by microbial activity. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a technology that produces environmentally friendly energy because MFC in its use does not produce CO2 emissions.   Bacteria that is able to generate electricity grouped as exoelectrogen bacteria. Two kinds of bacteria has isolated from operating MFC with activated sludge need to find its performs which are Pediococcus acidilactici and Staphylococcus warneri. This study aims to determine the influence of sticking bacteria (Pediococcus acidilactici and Staphylococcus warneri) on electrode plates and the addition of activated sludge to increased electricity of MFC, reduce pollutant load from salt-boiled fish processing wastewater, and microbial density in electrode plates. This study has five stages, namely, bacterial cultivation, bacterial sticking on electrodes surface, activated sludge  acclimatization, MFC assembly, and electrical measurement. This study used four treatments namely, electrodes that bacteria do not attach with and without added activated sludge (KoL and Ko), electrodes attached with bacterial isolates (anodes with Pediococcus acidilactici and cathode with Staphylococcus warneri) with and without active sludge (AKL and AK). AKL treatment obtained the highest average electrity value with a voltage value of 0.31±0.02 V, an electric current value of 3.28±0.66 mA, and a power value of 1.15±0.25 mW. Pollutant loads in COD, BOD, and TAN parameters decreased by 57%, 38%, and 92%. The sticking bacteria on the electrodes surface with activated sludge added was able to increase the density of bacteria on the electrode plate.
Nutrient Recovery from Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Fertilizer Production: Technology Options and Practical Barriers Yahya, Agung Kurnia; Aini, Apsari Puspita; Miftahurrahmah; Sahaq, Anang Baharuddin
Journal of Clean Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/joct.v3i1.42320

Abstract

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a high-strength agro-industrial wastewater whose management governs both environmental performance and operational resilience of palm oil mills. Treatment trains optimized solely for COD/BOD reduction often accumulate operational penalties under feed variability, including scaling, sludge burden, and persistent polishing demands, rather than forming a controllable value-generating platform. This review reframes nutrient recovery from POME as a fertilizer manufacturing problem embedded in a wastewater system, where removal does not equal recovery unless nutrients are transferred into a defined product phase with mass-balanced yield, controlled composition, impurity management, and agronomic function. Anaerobic digestion is positioned as a pivotal pivot point because it converts organic load to methane while producing an anaerobically digested liquor that is operationally more suitable for targeted nutrient recovery than raw POME. Using a PRISMA-ScR scoping review with a systematic search, evidence was mapped across three coupled outcome domains: water reuse/reclamation, energy recovery (biogas/CH₄), and nutrient circularity (N–P recovery and derived products). The synthesis compares unit operations by function and operability constraints, then assembles feasible combinations into a process superstructure and a decision roadmap for pathway selection under mill constraints. Findings emphasize that raw POME and anaerobically digested POME are not interchangeable feedstocks: raw POME is dominated by solids/colloids that hinder selective recovery and contaminate products, while post-digestion variability is more chemistry-driven and governs precipitation windows and membrane stability. Recovery options converge toward hybrid systems integrating crystallization (struvite/phosphate minerals), adsorption/ion exchange with regenerability, membrane concentration including fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis, and biological assimilation (microalgae), with fouling, scaling, and crystallization inhibition as decisive design variables. Overall, meaningful nutrient recovery from POME is achieved only when fertilizer grade products are produced while simultaneously reducing compliance risk and operational burden.
Optimizing Carica Waste Processing into Liquid Organic Fertilizer Using Bioconversion Techniques to Increase Agricultural Productivity in Kejajar District, Wonosobo Bahlawan, Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy; Megawati, Megawati; Pradnya, Irene Nindita; Damayanti, Astrilia; Permanadewi, Indrasukma; Zakia, Maulida
Journal of Clean Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/joct.v3i1.44800

Abstract

This community service program aims to optimize the use of Carica (Carica pubescens) waste into liquid organic fertilizer through bioconversion techniques, while simultaneously increasing the capacity of MSMEs and farmer groups in Kejajar District, Wonosobo. Activities include outreach, training, and mentoring in the production of liquid organic fertilizer on a household scale using simple technology based on decomposer microbes. The results of the community service show an increase in partners' knowledge and skills in Carica waste fermentation techniques, as well as in the production of liquid organic fertilizer with physical, chemical, and microbiological properties suitable for organic farming. Analysis shows decrease in pH and color changes, a distinctive fermentation odor, and increases in nutrient content (N, P, K), along with variations in substrate concentration. In addition, participants received mentoring on digital marketing strategies to increase the product's economic value. This program contributes to reducing Carica industrial waste, providing alternative organic fertilizers, and empowering local communities to improve welfare based on regional potential.
Physicochemical Characterization and Bioactive Compound Profiling of Oil Palm Leaf (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Extract for Green Nutraceutical Effervescent Tablets Hanif Ardhiansyah; Fisa Savanti; Meci Aryani Saputri; Nisa, Khusnul Khairul
Journal of Clean Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/joct.v3i1.44909

Abstract

The valorisation of oil palm leaf (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) agricultural waste into high-value nutraceutical products embodies circular economy principles within the world's largest palm oil producing nation. Oil palm leaves, currently discarded across 16.83 million hectares of Indonesian plantations, harbour diverse antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. This study presents a comprehensive, multi-technique physicochemical and chemical characterisation of palm leaf ethanol extract and its optimal effervescent tablet formulation (F1, acid:base = 1:1) relevant to clean technology nutraceutical development. The palm leaf extract was characterised by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) nanostructural analysis using the Debye-Scherrer equation, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant stability was assessed by the DPPH radical scavenging assay over four weeks (n = 3). XRD analysis revealed nanoparticulate crystal sizes of 58.91 nm (granules) and 56.38 nm (tablets), with predominantly amorphous phase morphology preserved through pharmaceutical processing. FTIR confirmed phenolic O–H stretching (3420 cm⁻¹), fatty acid C–H chains (2920, 2851 cm⁻¹), ester carbonyl (1740 cm⁻¹), and aromatic C=C (1633 cm⁻¹), validating chemical composition. GC-MS identified 25 peaks with 19 characterised compounds; dominant bioactives include n-hexadecanoic acid (11.80%), combined heneicosane peaks (31.14%), hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy ester (10.39%), and heptadecene-(8)-carbonic acid-(1) (10.15%), with documented antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities. Formulation F1 maintained IC50 = 21.22 mg/L unchanged over four weeks. Pharmaceutical processing preserves the nanostructural integrity and bioactive composition of palm leaf extract. The research validates a clean technology circular economy pathway converting palm leaf waste—currently 91.5 million tonnes dry weight annually in Indonesia—into stable, bioavailability-enhanced nutraceutical ingredients.

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