Jurnal Rekayasa Proses
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is an open-access journal published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada as scientific journal to accommodate current topics related to chemical and biochemical process exploration and optimization which covers multi scale analysis from micro to macro and full plant size. Specialization topics covered by Jurnal Rekayasa Proses are: 1. Kinetics and Catalysis Includes simulations and experiments in reaction kinetics, catalyst synthesis and characterization, reactor design, process intensification, microreactor, multiphase reactors, multiscale phenomena, transfer phenomena in multiphase reactors. 2. Separation and Purification System Includes phase equilibrium, mass transfer, mixing and segregation, unit operation, distillation, absorption, extraction, membrane separation, adsorption, ion exchange, chromatography, crystallization and precipitation, supercritical fluids, bioprocess product purification. 3. Process System Engineering Includes simulation, analysis, optimization, and process control on chemical/biochemical processes based on mathematical modeling; multiscale modeling strategy (molecular level, phase level, unit level, and inter-unit integration); design of experiment (DoE); current methods on simulation for model parameter determination. 4. Oil, Gas, and Coal Technology Includes chemical engineering application on process optimization to achieve utmost efficiency in energy usage, natural gas purification, fractionation recovery, CO2 capture, coal liquefaction, enhanced oil recovery and current technology to deal with scarcity in fossil fuels and its environmental impacts. 5. Particle Technology Includes application of chemical engineering concepts on particulate system, which covers phenomenological study on nucleation, particle growth, breakage, and aggregation, particle population dynamic model, particulate fluid dynamic in chemical processes, characterization and engineering of particulate system. 6. Mineral Process Engineering Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in mineral ore processing, liberation techniques and purification, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and energy efficiency in mineral processing industries. 7. Material and biomaterial Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in material synthesis, characterization, design and scale up of nano material synthesis, multiphase phenomena, material modifications (thin film, porous materials etc), contemporary synthesis techniques (such as chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, colloidal synthesis, nucleation mechanism and growth, nano particle dispersion stability, etc.). 8. Bioresource and Biomass Engineering Includes natural product processing to create higher economic value through purification and conversion techniques (such as natural dye, herbal supplements, dietary fibers, edible oils, etc), energy generation from biomass, life cycle and economic analysis on bioresource utilization. 9. Biochemistry and Bioprocess Engineering Includes biochemical reaction engineering, bioprocess optimization which includes microorganism selection and maintenance, bioprocess application for waste treatment, bioreactor modeling and optimization, downstream processing. 10. Biomedical Engineering Includes enhancement of cellular productions of enzymes, protein engineering, tissue engineering, materials for implants, and new materials to improve drug delivery system. 11. Energy, Water, Environment, and Sustainability Includes energy balances/audits in industries, energy conversion systems, energy storage and distribution system, water quality, water treatment, water quality analysis, green processes, waste minimization, environment remediation, and environment protection efforts (organic fertilizer production and application, biopesticides, etc.).
Articles
273 Documents
<![CDATA[Pengaruh derajat keasaman (pH) dalam proses presipitasi hidroksida selektif ion logam dari larutan ekstrak spent catalyst ]]>
<![CDATA[Kevin Cleary Wanta1]]>;
<![CDATA[Federick Dwi Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratna Frida Susanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Gelar Panji Gemilar]]>;
<![CDATA[Widi Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Shinta Virdhian]]>;
<![CDATA[Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.44007
<![CDATA[Nickel hydroxide [Ni(OH)2] is an important compound in producing rechargeable batteries. The synthesis of Ni(OH)2 can be carried out using a hydroxide precipitation method from a solution containing nickel (II) (Ni2+) ions. In this study, the synthesis of Ni(OH)2 was investigated from the solution of extracted spent catalyst using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution. The selective precipitation was conducted using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and the degree of acidity (pH) was varied in the range of 4–14. The operating temperature was kept constant at 30oC. The experimental results showed that the optimum precipitation conditions of Al3+ and Ni2+ ions were obtained at different pH where the optimum pH values were 6 and 10, respectively. Precipitate samples were characterized and the results showed that the purity of Ni(OH)2 in those samples was 13.1%. The XRD results indicated that the structure of precipitate still contains other impurities, such as Na2SO4, Al(OH)3 and those compounds were mutually agglomerate.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh medan elektromagnetik terhadap densitas dan vikositas pada vacuum residue ]]>
<![CDATA[Akbar Ismi Aziz Pramito]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Haryati]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Djoni Bustan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.43599
<![CDATA[This study tested the effect of electromagnetic field on density and viscosity of vacuum residue from PT. PERTAMINA Refinery Unit III Plaju. The study was conducted using a batch reactor equipped with electromagnetic. The fixed variable in this study is the vacuum residue mass and cracking time, while the variables which are varied are reaction temperature and electromagnetic field. The study was conducted to see the effect of temperatures ranging from 100, 200, 300 and 400oC, and the use of electromagnets with electric currents of 0A, 5A, 10A, 15A and 20A on the density and viscosity of vacuum residue. The experiment compared the effect of the process with electromagnetic field and without electromagnetic field on the density and viscosity of vacuum residue. The results showed that the lowest density (0.874 g/cm3) and viscosity (0.481 cP) were obtained by using 20A electric current electromagnetic field at a temperature of 400oC.]]>
<![CDATA[Kinetics of anaerobic digestion of dairy fat waste with saponification pre-treatment ]]>
<![CDATA[Rifki Wahyu Kurnianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Rochim Bakti Cahyono]]>;
<![CDATA[Wiratni Budhijanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.48959
<![CDATA[Anaerobic digestion has been an attractive field of research in the era of energy crisis. Biogas, which is the product of anaerobic digestion, provides alternative energy, while at the same time it also prevents pollution due to organic waste accumulation. Among various organic wastes, dairy fat waste is a potential substrate for anaerobic digestion. Fat waste has high theoretical biogas potential because of its high lipid content. However, anaerobic digestion of organic waste with high lipid content is quite challenging. The main obstacle in anaerobic digestion of fat waste is its tendency to form insoluble floating layer on top of the liquid phase. This phenomenon hinders the access of hydrolytic bacteria to the substrate. Saponification is one of the methods to increase the solubility of the floating layer and hence to improve the availability of substrate for the bacteria. Saponification changes the lipid content into soap which has both polar and non-polar functional groups and the polar side will increase the solubility of the substrate in water. This study evaluated the effect of different dosage of base added as the reactant during saponification pre-treatment on the productivity of anaerobic digestion of dairy fat waste. The kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process was analyzed by mean of mathematical model. The variations of the alkaline dosages studied for saponification pre-treatment were 0.04 mol base/g sCOD; 0.02 mol base/g sCOD; and no pre-treatment for control reactor. This study proved that saponification increased the solubility of dairy fat waste. This result was confirmed by the hydrolysis constant value (kH) of 0.00782/day for reactor with saponification, which was twenty times of magnitude higher than the kH value of 0.00032/day in the reactor without saponification. However, the exposure to high pH during the saponification pre-treatment might somewhat inhibit indigenous acidogenic bacteria in the waste which results in lower methane yield in the reactors with saponification to be compared to the control reactor.]]>
<![CDATA[Numerical method for front tracking in mold filling modeling in composite injection molding: non-reacting system ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Fahrurrozi]]>;
<![CDATA[John R. Collier]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 3 No 2 (2009): Volume 3, Number 2, 2009 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.565
<![CDATA[Mold filing simulation is important in mold design for liquid composite molding. Cost of commercial software for mold filling simulation is very expensive for average Indonesian companies. Therefore a more affordable simulation program is necessary to promote development of domestic technology related to liquid composite molding. This paper presents 3-dimension mold filling model based on control volume finite difference (CV-FD) numerical method on fixed grids. Front tracking was performed using volume of fluid method (VOF) implemented on CV-FD. Velocity field was computed using Darcy's equation. Computation was implemented on Fortran while contour plot were prepared using Matlab. The developed model predicts well gate pressure obtained experimentally. Since experimental data for front advancement is not available, calculation results were compared with results for other software developed by US’s NIST. The developed model predict front position obtain by the other software quite well.]]>
<![CDATA[Studi kondisi operasi dalam pemisahan asam laktat dari produk konversi katalitik tandan kosong sawit melalui esterifikasi-hidrolisis ]]>
<![CDATA[Johnner Parningotan Sitompul]]>;
<![CDATA[Ana Kemala Putri Jauhari]]>;
<![CDATA[Gun Gun Gumilar]]>;
<![CDATA[Yosandi Calimanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Carolus Borromeus Rasrendra]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.44195
<![CDATA[Lactic acid is a platform chemical that is usually used to form various chemical products. Nowadays, the need of lactic acid is increasingly high especially for bio-based chemical as a substitute for petroleum-based one. Catalytic chemical conversion is seemingly potential to substitute the bioconversion pathway. This research aims to determine the best operating condition for separating lactic acid from its mixture (the catalytic conversion product of oil palm empty fruit bunch) by esterification-hydrolysis in order to produce the highest yield and purity. The esterification of the mixture was carried out by using n-butanol as a solvent and wet Amberlyst-15 as a catalyst. The esterification process was conducted by reacting n-butanol and lactic acid for 6 hours in a batch reactor. Hydrolysis was then followed by reacting organic phase as an esterification product and water in batch reactor system for 4 hours. The result showed that the higher reactant volume ratio, temperature, and catalyst concentration were used, the higher yield of both esterification and hydrolysis products would be. The highest esterification yield of 98.64%-w/w was achieved when the temperature was at 90oC, with a reactant volume ratio of 4, and the catalyst concentration of 2.5%-w/w. Moreover, the experiment results showed that the highest hydrolysis yield of 98.64%-w/w was achieved by the temperature of 90 oC, the reactant volume ratio of 20, and the catalyst concentration of 2.5%-w/w. It was revealed that the most significant variable for esterification was reactant volume ratio while both reactant volume ratio and temperature become the prominent variables for hydrolysis counterpart. Additionally, another modified method of separation was conducted by applying reactive distillation. This modified process increased the hydrolysis yield up to 82.34%-w/w by using pure butyl lactate as feed while the usage of the catalytic butyl lactate as feed could produce lactic acid with the yield of 74.01%-w/w.]]>
<![CDATA[The effect of biomass-water ratio on bio-crude oil production from Botryococcus braunii using hydrothermal liquefaction process ]]>
<![CDATA[Laras Prasakti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rochmadi Rochmadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Arief Budiman]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.48963
<![CDATA[The increasing demand of energy in Indonesia has led to the urgency to conduct research and development in renewable energy. Biomass is one of the largest renewable energy sources in Indonesia. For biomass to energy conversion, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has been considered as one of the potential methods where biomass is processed using subcritical water to produce bio-oil, aqueous phase, gas, and solid product. In this research, the effect of biomass-water ratio on hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process of microalgae Botryococcus braunii has been investigated. The HTL was conducted using biomass/water ratio 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 with various holding time for each ratio. The product was bio-crude oil with similar characteristics to crude oil. Experimental results showed that biomass-water ratio affected the distribution of bio-crude oil yields. For biomass-water ratio of 1:10 and 1:20, it was found that bio-crude oil yields reached a maximum at 20 minutes, while the highest bio-crude oil yield of 4% was obtained at biomass-water ratio of 1:10. On the other hand, with biomass-water ratio of 1:30, bio-crude oil yield was continuously increasing with holding time until it reached the maximum yield of 4% at 40 minutes of holding time. The aforementioned results indicated that the highest bio-crude oil yield was obtained using biomass-water ratio 1:10 and 20 minutes of HTL processing time.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh proses swelling dengan supercritical gas CO2 terhadap penurunan energi ikatan senyawa hidrokarbon vacuum residue ]]>
<![CDATA[Deby Ansyory]]>;
<![CDATA[Aditya Retno Utami]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Haryati]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Djoni Bustan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.44784
<![CDATA[The present study aims to develop technology to utilize a vacuum residue by reducing its density, viscosity and energy bonding, using a batch reactor equipped with CO2 injection gas in the form of a swelling process. The study was conducted by applying temperature varied between 60 and 100 °C and CO2 flux pressure varied between 1 and 5 MPa, respectively. The study of applying temperature and CO2 flux pressure are used to decrease the bond energy of hydrocarbon compounds in the form of solid vacuum residue. Furthermore, a series of reaction time was carried out started in the range of 10-30 minutes to obtain the optimum reaction time. The result showed that at temperature of 100°C, pressure of 5 MPa and variation of time, the density, viscosity, and decrease in energy bonding (ΔG) were in the range of 0.919-0.902 g/cm3, 495-166 cSt, and 8.627–6.436 J.s, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Synthesis of curcumin nanoparticle from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. extract by solvent-antisolvent precipitation method ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Rofiqoh Eviana Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Annisa Amalia Ulfah]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuni Kusumastuti]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13 No 2 (2019): Volume 13, Number 2, 2019 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.50909
<![CDATA[Curcumin is an active compound found in temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) extract which is widely used for biomedical application. However, the utilization of curcumin is still limited due to its properties i.e. hydrophobicity, poor stability, and low water solubility. Modification of curcumin molecule and process optimization during the extraction and purification process is needed to minimize the aforementioned limitations. One of the approaches is producing curcumin in nano size. This present research aims to optimize the synthesis of curcumin nanoparticle from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. extract using solvent-antisolvent precipitation method. Curcumin colour stability was also enhanced by controlling the pH during raw materials preparation. The obtained curcumin nanoparticle was then characterized using particle size analysis (PSA). Result showed that Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. extract colour could be controlled by maintaining acidic environment. At the pH of 3, yellow colour of extract was obtained, meanwhile at neutral pH, the colour of extract changed into dark brown. PSA result showed that optimum stirring condition of precipitation process was obtained using 500 rpm stirring rate for 45 minutes which resulted in curcumin nanoparticle in the size range of 164.37±3.29 nm. Thus, by controlling the pH of extract at 3 during extraction process and using optimum stirring condition at 500 rpm for 45 minutes during precipitation process, more stable and soluble curcumin was successfully produced.]]>
<![CDATA[Lead adsorption in lubricant waste using zeolite ]]>
<![CDATA[Aini Rahmadhaniar]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratri Ariatmi Nugrahani]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurul Hidayati Fithriyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Titik Lestariningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.49489
<![CDATA[Lubricant waste is one of the hazardous refuses which are regulated on the limit of lead content according to Government Regulations (Kep-51/MenLH/10/1995). Therefore, it is necessary to research for reducing the lead content. The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of adding adsorbents to decrease lead content in waste of lubricants taken from ships. The waste lubricant was recycled by adsorption using zeolite. Lubricant waste samples of 200 mL each were physically and chemically identified subjected to adsorption process using zeolite adsorbent whose concentrations (%w/w) were varied as follows: 7.5%, 13.25%, 14.25%, 15.75% and 17.5% with stirring speed of 150 rpm and contact time for 60 minutes. The best results were obtained at the adsorbent amount of 26.5 grams (concentration of 13.25%), for which lead content reduction reached 83%. The ANOVA F was obtained to be 13.42, and hence the study concluded that the amount of the adsorbent was related to the decrease in lead content.]]>
<![CDATA[Change of graphene with various strategies for photocatalytic applications: A Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Won-Chun Oh]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.43765
<![CDATA[Because of its novel molecular 2D structure and momentous physicochemical properties, graphene has been started a whirlwind of the investigation into its optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties. Specifically, a lot of considerations have been pulled in to investigate graphene and graphene composites for photoelectrochemical applications. Many works have been done to synthesize novel graphene-based materials for applications in photoelectrochemistry, such as photoelectrochemical sunlight-based cells, photocatalytic disintegration of natural contaminations, and H2 production. In this article, we abridge the condition of research on graphene-based materials for photoelectrochemistry. The prospects and further improvements in this energizing field of graphene-based materials are additionally discussed.]]>
