Jurnal Rekayasa Proses
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses is an open-access journal published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada as scientific journal to accommodate current topics related to chemical and biochemical process exploration and optimization which covers multi scale analysis from micro to macro and full plant size. Specialization topics covered by Jurnal Rekayasa Proses are: 1. Kinetics and Catalysis Includes simulations and experiments in reaction kinetics, catalyst synthesis and characterization, reactor design, process intensification, microreactor, multiphase reactors, multiscale phenomena, transfer phenomena in multiphase reactors. 2. Separation and Purification System Includes phase equilibrium, mass transfer, mixing and segregation, unit operation, distillation, absorption, extraction, membrane separation, adsorption, ion exchange, chromatography, crystallization and precipitation, supercritical fluids, bioprocess product purification. 3. Process System Engineering Includes simulation, analysis, optimization, and process control on chemical/biochemical processes based on mathematical modeling; multiscale modeling strategy (molecular level, phase level, unit level, and inter-unit integration); design of experiment (DoE); current methods on simulation for model parameter determination. 4. Oil, Gas, and Coal Technology Includes chemical engineering application on process optimization to achieve utmost efficiency in energy usage, natural gas purification, fractionation recovery, CO2 capture, coal liquefaction, enhanced oil recovery and current technology to deal with scarcity in fossil fuels and its environmental impacts. 5. Particle Technology Includes application of chemical engineering concepts on particulate system, which covers phenomenological study on nucleation, particle growth, breakage, and aggregation, particle population dynamic model, particulate fluid dynamic in chemical processes, characterization and engineering of particulate system. 6. Mineral Process Engineering Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in mineral ore processing, liberation techniques and purification, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and energy efficiency in mineral processing industries. 7. Material and biomaterial Includes application of chemical engineering concepts in material synthesis, characterization, design and scale up of nano material synthesis, multiphase phenomena, material modifications (thin film, porous materials etc), contemporary synthesis techniques (such as chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis, colloidal synthesis, nucleation mechanism and growth, nano particle dispersion stability, etc.). 8. Bioresource and Biomass Engineering Includes natural product processing to create higher economic value through purification and conversion techniques (such as natural dye, herbal supplements, dietary fibers, edible oils, etc), energy generation from biomass, life cycle and economic analysis on bioresource utilization. 9. Biochemistry and Bioprocess Engineering Includes biochemical reaction engineering, bioprocess optimization which includes microorganism selection and maintenance, bioprocess application for waste treatment, bioreactor modeling and optimization, downstream processing. 10. Biomedical Engineering Includes enhancement of cellular productions of enzymes, protein engineering, tissue engineering, materials for implants, and new materials to improve drug delivery system. 11. Energy, Water, Environment, and Sustainability Includes energy balances/audits in industries, energy conversion systems, energy storage and distribution system, water quality, water treatment, water quality analysis, green processes, waste minimization, environment remediation, and environment protection efforts (organic fertilizer production and application, biopesticides, etc.).
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273 Documents
<![CDATA[Analysis method of black liquor pyrolysis and gasification using deconvolution technique to obtain the real time gas production profile ]]>
<![CDATA[Joko Wintoko]]>;
<![CDATA[Suryo Purwono]]>;
<![CDATA[Moh. Fahrurrozi]]>;
<![CDATA[Bambang Soehendro]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.56152
<![CDATA[In thermal reaction experiments, e.g., pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification, the gas released from the reaction can be analyzed in gas measuring instruments. There will be some time delay due to the relatively long gas travel from the reactor to the analyzers. Besides, there can be some time lag in the gas measuring instrument. Gas dispersion may furthermore occur and thus alter the gas concentration profile. The observed gas concentration, therefore, can be very different from the original gaseous reaction products profile. A mathematical procedure called deconvolution technique will be used to get the original gaseous reaction products concentrations profile. The deconvolution technique is based on the assumption that original data have been altered by a transfer function to yield observed data. By the deconvolution techniques, the transfer function for each data set will be calculated and then can be used to compute the original data. In this study, the deconvolution technique was applied to the concentration profile of gaseous products from black liquor pyrolysis and gasification reactions measured by gas analyzers instruments to obtain the real-time gas concentration profile during the processes. Tracer gases are injected in the reactor To facilitate the deconvolution calculation, and their concentration profiles observed in the measuring instruments are recorded. Gaseous products that are analyzed are CO2, CO, CH4, SO2, and H2S. This technique can successfully provide the real-time gas production concentration profile from the black liquor pyrolysis and gasification reaction.]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluation on energy efficiency improvement in geothermal power plant with the application of load-based gas removal system and cooling water pump control system ]]>
<![CDATA[Wibisono Yamin]]>;
<![CDATA[I.G.B. Ngurah Makertihartha]]>;
<![CDATA[Jenny Rizkiana]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.54656
<![CDATA[Efficient Geothermal Power Plant (GPP) operation can be achieved through the optimum use of steam for turbine and auxiliary (ejectors), and minimum possible condenser pressure for maximum energy conversion in the turbine. In all GPPs, a condenser vacuum is maintained by adequate circulation of cooling water and effective operation of ejectors, which absorb the accumulation of Non-Condensable Gas (NCG), mostly CO2 and H2S, and dispose it to the atmosphere. Typically, GPPs are designed for baseload (100% capacity) operation. Therefore, the performance of supporting equipment such as ejectors and cooling water pumps are not sensitive to load-set fluctuations or changes in NCG content. This fact consequently results in constant parasitic load and ejector's motive steam consumptions. Since 2017 many GPPs in Indonesia have no longer operated at constant full capacity following demand fluctuation, as stated in grid dispatcher's Daily Operating Plan. This condition brings up energy efficiency opportunity to reduce steam and electricity own use through modification or installation of the load-following controller in the ejector system and cooling water pumps. The study aimed to identify the best alternative in devising this adaptive feature in gas removal and circulating water systems from economic and technical aspects. Evaluation's methodology included the development of GPP process modeling and data validation, setting up an alternative framework, testing of GPP performance for each alternative with the calibrated model, and decision analysis from economic and technical aspects to select the best option. The evaluation showed that the ejector's motive steam flow controller was able to reduce auxiliary steam usage at maximum by 7% (equal to 0.7 MWe). In comparison, the circulation water flow controller with Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) could reduce pumps electricity use by 35% (0.76 MWe). The study results recommended the implementation of a motive steam flow controller over the pump's VFD, considering its economic performance, operation flexibility, and lower execution risk.]]>
<![CDATA[Kinetika adsorpsi mikrokapsul kitosan taut silang kalium persulfat terhadap zat warna methyl orange ]]>
<![CDATA[Endang Sulistyawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Wibiana Wulan Nandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Arifa Rahma Nurchasanah]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurnia Kumala Dewi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.50634
<![CDATA[Dyes, typically available in textile and paper industries, can cause an aesthetical issue in their wastewater stream even in its low concentration Some colors are considered toxic to the environment and even carcinogenic. In that sense, the adsorption using chitosan, might be an alternative method offering better environmental quality by its capability for eliminating the dyes from the waste stream. This research was aimed to study the adsorption kinetics of methyl orange dyes in the presence of chitosan microcapsules, employing the measurement of concentration concerning time over several measured temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C. Chitosan microcapsules originated from abundantly available organic materials, have been synthesized by the support of potassium persulfate as a cross-linker through ionic gelation and solvent evaporation method. The microcapsules were subjected to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterizations, while UV-Vis was utilized for observing dye concentration changes. The results showed that chitosan microcapsules had been successfully prepared with a deacetylation degree of 53.92 % and a grain diameter of 1246 μm. The adsorption adapted the chemisorption mechanism with endothermic behavior. Besides, its kinetics seemed to follow the Lagergren pseudo-second-order equation with the value of the kinetic constant suitable for the tested temperature, following the Arrhenius equation.]]>
<![CDATA[Kinetika pembentukan struvite kristal menggunakan zeolit alam sebagai adsorben pada aeration cone column crystallizer ]]>
<![CDATA[Eko Ariyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuyun Niyati]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Kharismadewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Robiah]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.49406
<![CDATA[Wastewater from the fertilizer industry contains a high concentration of PO43- and NH4+. Those ions formed deposits that frequently clogged the conduits and reduced the pump efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant. A high concentration of PO43- and NH4+ in this wastewater can be used as a secondary source of PO43- fertilizer through the recovery process into struvite compounds (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). In this research, Struvite was crystallized in Aeration Cone Column Crystallizer (ACCC) with Magnesium modified natural Zeolite (Zeo-Mg) as adsorbent. Research also has been done using the Batch process, and the results were used as basis variables in the ACCC system. Effects of Zeolite activation, amounts of Zeo-Mg (10 – 30 g), PO43- and NH4+reactant ratio (1:1 – 1:3), pH (6 – 9), and reaction time (0 – 60 minutes) to the removal percentage of PO43- were used as research parameters that analyzed in struvite crystallization process. Zeo-Mg and struvite produced were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Research results in the ACCC system with Zeo-Mg as adsorbent showed that the percentage of PO43- removal was 65% in 16 minutes and followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics with a reaction rate constant of 0.21 min-1. The PO43- removal reached equilibrium at pH 8.10 after 28 minutes. Simultaneous removal of PO43- to formed struvite crystals using Zeo-Mg as an adsorbent and without the addition of Mg ions solution in the ACCC system is a novel process in wastewater treatment. Moreover, this PO43- recovery process can be implemented in the industrial scale due to the practical operation.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh pH ekstraksi pada pewarnaan batik sutera menggunakan pewarna alami kulit kayu mahoni (Switenia mahagoni) ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwi Wiji Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Vivin Atika]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Haerudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Tin Kusuma Arta]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.54439
<![CDATA[The natural dye extracted from Swietenia mahagoni was applied to silk batik. Mahagoni bark is known to contain dyestuff components such as flavonoids and tannins. The dye compound was extracted using water at pH values of 6 (original pH extract), pH 2 (acid), and pH 12 (base) at 100 °C for 1 hour. Variation of extraction pH values was carried out to determine the influence of temperature on the results of the extract. Batik dyeing was carried out at room temperature using dye products. The pre-mordanting and post-mordanting used were alum (Al2(SO4)3.K2SO4.24H2O). The results showed that the dye product extracted in alkaline pH shows a high amount of tannins and flavonoids and the ability to color the silk batik better. The color direction is reddish-brown. The pH values of extraction do not affect the results of the colorfastness to washing test, which is on 4-5 (good) scale.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh reagen pelindian pada sintesis ZnO dari debu tungku busur listrik ]]>
<![CDATA[Widi Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Haerudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Istihanah Nurul Eskani]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulia Pertiwi Tri Yuda]]>;
<![CDATA[Fajar Nurjaman]]>;
<![CDATA[Joni Setiawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Dwi Wiji Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.50739
<![CDATA[ZnO nanoparticle was synthesized by a simple hydrometallurgical method using raw material of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD),which is a solid waste in the stainless steel industry. Electric arc furnace dust contains 68.81% Zn in the form of zincite (ZnO) and simonkolleite (H10Cl2O9Zn5). The synthesis was carried out in two main steps, i.e., leaching and alkaline precipitation. In this study, the effect of leaching reagent, leaching temperature, and leaching reagent concentration on the percent extraction of Zn in the leaching process from electric arc furnace dust and the characteristics of the resulting ZnO product were studied. The experimental results showed that leaching reagent of acetic acid gives the highest percent extraction of Zn. The results also showed that the increase of temperature and acid concentration could improve the Zn extraction percentage. At 2M acid concentration, Zn extraction percentage already achieved 100%; hence the process is independent of temperature. The ZnO product has a purity of 96%. The XRD data confirmed the nano sizes of the ZnO product.]]>
<![CDATA[Peningkatan produksi biogas dari palm oil mill effluent (POME) dengan fluidisasi media zeolit termodifikasi pada sistem batch ]]>
<![CDATA[Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna]]>;
<![CDATA[Melly Mellyanawaty]]>;
<![CDATA[Estin Noviyanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.56133
<![CDATA[The production of crude palm oil (CPO) in Indonesia tends to increase over time. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the wastewater generated from the palm oil mill process with high organic content. POME is a potential source for anaerobic digestion due to its high organic content. The challenge of POME treatment using an anaerobic process is to enhance biogas production with high soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal efficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected trace elements addition onto zeolite as immobilization media to the anaerobic digestion of POME in a fluidized batch system. Natural zeolite was used as the medium to immobilize microorganisms in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR). This study used three trace elements impregnated to natural zeolites, i.e. Ni2+, Zn2+, Mg2+. The result shows that Ni2+ and Zn2+improve the methanogenesis process, prevent the accumulation of VFA as an intermediate product and increase the methane (biogas) production. Meanwhile, Mg2+ only reduced sCOD significantly but it did not affect methane production. Fluidization enhanced the performance of the POME anaerobic digestion process. The fluidization provide a positive effect to enhance biogas production and sCOD removal. The efficiency of sCOD removal in the entire reactors were 80.82%; 81.77%; 75.89% for AFBR-Ni; AFBR-Zn and AFBR-control respectively. The total volume of methane produced by the three AFBR were 163,04; 136,42; 62,79 (in ml CH4 / g sCOD) for AFBR-Ni; AFBR-Zn and AFBR-control, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[The effects of aloe vera gel addition on the effectiveness of sunscreen lotion ]]>
<![CDATA[Tri Yuni Hendrawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Hana Ambarwati]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratri Ariatmi Nugrahani]]>;
<![CDATA[Susanty]]>;
<![CDATA[Ummul Habibah Hasyim]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 1 (2020): Volume 14, Number 1, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.45247
<![CDATA[especially in cosmetics. The aloe plant that is cultivated in Indonesia to supply this industry is Aloe chinensis Baker. This research is to determine the effects of Aloe vera gel extract on the effectiveness of sunscreen lotion. The steps taken included Aloe vera gel extraction, flavonoid absorption test, sun protection factor (SPF) value measurement, pH test, viscosity test, homogeneity test, and organoleptic evaluation. The extract was added to the base sunscreen formulation at five different concentrations. UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 290 – 320 nm was performed on the preparations to determine their SPF values. The highest SPF value of 10.21 was found in the preparation containing 20% Aloe vera gel extract. This value falls within the national industrial standard for sunscreen SPF value range of 2 – 60. The research showed that a higher concentration of Aloe vera gel extract increased the pH, with the most elevated pH at 7.0 for the preparation containing 20% Aloe gel vera extract. This value also falls within the national pH standard for sunscreen of 4.5 – 8.0. The higher concentration of Aloe vera gel extract also increased the dispersive amount of the sunscreen preparation, with the highest value of 5 cm resulting from 20% Aloe vera gel extract addition. This research showed that the increased addition of Aloe vera gel extract resulted in higher SPF value.]]>
<![CDATA[Potensi polisakarida dari limbah buah-buahan sebagai koagulan alami dalam pengolahan air dan limbah cair: Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Hans Kristianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Angelica Jennifer]]>;
<![CDATA[Asaf Kleopas Sugih]]>;
<![CDATA[Susiana Prasetyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 2 (2020): Volume 14, Number 2, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.57798
<![CDATA[Nowadays, various studies related to utilization of biobased materials as natural coagulants have been explored. Based on the source, natural coagulants can be classified as animal, vegetable, or microbial based. Furthermore, based on the active ingredients, it can be classified as protein, polyphenols, and polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are abundant natural ingredients and are often found in plants or animals. In this study, we focused on polysaccharides, especially those from fruit waste, such as seeds and fruit peels. It is known that around 25-30% of the total weight of fruit is generally wasted, even though it contains phytochemicals and various active ingredients that can be utilized, especially as a natural coagulant. This review will focus on the use of pectin and starch from fruit waste as natural coagulants for water- wastewater treatment. Generally, pectin is commonly found in the skin of fruits as part of the cell wall structure, while starch is found in fruit seeds as food reserves. To be used as a natural coagulant, pectin or starch need to be extracted first. In particular, starch needs to be modified either physically or chemically. The coagulation mechanism of pectin and starch usually follows the interparticle bridging mechanism. The use of pectin and starch from fruit waste needs to be explored and further investigated, to substitute the use of chemical coagulants.]]>
<![CDATA[Aplikasi mordan tanin pada pewarnaan kain batik katun menggunakan warna alam tingi (Ceriops tagal) ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwi Wiji Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Vivin Atika]]>;
<![CDATA[Yudi Satria]]>;
<![CDATA[Aprilia Fitriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Tri Susanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14 No 2 (2020): Volume 14, Number 2, 2020 ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.57891
<![CDATA[The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of tannin mordant from Psidium guajava leaves, Peltophorum pterocarpum bark, and Coffea arabica leaves in cotton batik dyeing using tingi bark (Ceriops tagal). This research was conducted by initial quantitative analysis of each extract to measure the quantity of tannin using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with tannic acid as a standard solution. The next process was a fabric pre-mordanting using each mordant extract, batik process, coloring with tingi bark extract, and post-mordanting using each alum solution and guava leaves extract. The dyed batik fabric was tested toward its color intensity and durability/fastness properties. From the quantitative analysis, guava leaves extract contains the biggest tannin content compared with jambal bark and coffee leaves extract, which is 1151.5 μg/mL. The dyed sample from combination of Guava leaves extract pre-mordanting with alum post-mordanting provided the best color intensity of 15.52. While all variables had an equal good value for washing fastness. It can be concluded that all material had potential as natural mordant for cotton batik dyeing with natural dye, but with consideration of using metal mordant for combination to get better results in terms of both color intensity and fastness properties.]]>
