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Ahmad Shafwan S. Pulungan
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Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan Jl. Willem Iskandar Psr V Medan Estate, Sumatera Utara
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JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences)
Published by Universitas Negeri Medan
ISSN : 24431230     EISSN : 24606804     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v6i1
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Biosains (JBIO) features works of exceptional significance, originality, and relevance in all areas of biological science, from molecules to ecosystems, (ie genetic, microbiology, ecology, biosystematic, biostatistic) including works at the interface of other disciplines, such as chemistry, medicine,physic and mathematics. We also welcome data-driven meta-research articles that evaluate and aim to improve the standards of research in the life sciences and beyond. Our audience is the international scientific community as well as educators, policy makers, patient advocacy groups, and interested members of the public around the world.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains" : 9 Documents clear
FORMULATION AND TESTING OF ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF TITANUS LEAVES (Leea aequanta L.) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT CAPSULES ON GUINEA PIG (Cavia cobaya) TRACHEA SMOOTH MUSCLE IN VITRO Dian Ika Perbina Meliala; Sofia Rahmi; Delisma Simorangkir Simorangkir; Beriman Putra Harefa
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28388

Abstract

The main obstacle to consuming traditional medicine is the compounding process which is considered troublesome so that it often causes discomfort to consume it. For the purpose of efficiency, easy and practical in use, need to be made in dosage forms such as capsules. Capsules are solid preparations consisting of a drug in a soluble hard or soft shell. Titanus leaf (Leea aequata L.) is a medicinal plant that is used by the people of the Tanah Karo area, North Sumatra Province as an antitetanus drug. Tetanus is an acute and often fatal disease caused by an exotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus often begins with a mild spasm of the jaw muscles which is often referred to as trismus. Sometimes the spasm affects the muscles that help with breathing, which can cause breathing problems. The aim of this study was to formulate EEDT capsules and to test its anticonvulsant activity on the smooth muscle of the guinea pig trachea in vitro. The relaxation effect was tested after the guinea pig's trachea was contracted with acetylcholine (EC80 = 1,0454 x 10-3 M), then the cumulative concentration of EEDT capsules was 0.5-4 mg/mL and atropine sulfate concentration of 6.95 x 10-6 - 2.08 x 10-2 mg/mL. The results of the relaxation effect test showed that EEDT granules could reduce acetylcholine-induced guinea pig trachea smooth muscle contraction. EEDT granules at a concentration of 3.5 mg/mL (102,8817 ± 0,1316) had the same ability as atropine sulfate 6.95 x 10-3 mg/mL (102,7748 ± 0,3231) in reducing guinea pig trachea smooth muscle contraction induced by acetylcholine 1,0454 x 10-3 M (p>0.005). EEDT capsules with a concentration of 3.5 mg and 4 mg had the same effectiveness, that is 102,8817 ± 0,1316. From this study, it can be concluded that the EEDT capsule preparation has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pig trachea with an ability that is not much different from atropine sulfate.
DNA BARCODING of Zingiber loerzingii Valeton USING Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate Carboxylase-Oxygenase Large subunit Gene (rbcL) GENE LOCUS Ladiez Rahmayani Sagala; Lazuardi Lazuardi; Fauziyah Harahap; Kartika Manalu; Zahratul Idami; Eko Prasetya
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28921

Abstract

DNA barcode is one of the molecular techniques used to identify and classify living things. Z. loerzingii is currently reported as a rare and endemic plants that is only found in North Sumatra. Scientific studies for Z. Loerzingii is measly done so that the information about this plant is limited while a clear identity on a plant is essential to discover the potential. This study aims to determine the molecular characteristics of Z. loerzingii by using DNA barcodes and assessing the phylogenetic relationship based on the rbcL gene locus. DNA was isolated with a commercial kit. The rbcL gene locus in the chloroplast genome of Z. loerzingii amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique to produce amplicon with the length approximately 600 bp. Consensus sequence merging generate a sequence with 576 bp length. The phylogenetic tree reconstruction was carried out using the Neighbor-Joining method and the Kimura-2-Parameter calculation model showed Z. loerzingii included in the monophyletic group with Zingiber mioga and Zingiber officinale as the sister taxa. The results for the molecular diversity analysis of Z. Loerzingii point out that in all samples of Z. loerzingii which collected from Cagar Alam Sibolangit have no molecular or genetic diversity. Therefore, it can be concluded that DNA barcoding with the rbcL gene locus can be used as a method to identify Z. loerzingii molecularly and efficient in determining their phylogenetic with other species.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER Chlorella sorokiniana YANG DIKULTUR PADA LIMBAH CAIR TAHU Devy Susanty; Ade Ayu Oksari
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.29015

Abstract

The utilization of waste as a culture medium can reduce production costs and become one of the ways to handle the waste. Tofu wastewater is one of the most produced wastes. It has potential as a growing medium for Chlorella sorokiniana because it contains macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. This study aimed to determine the growth of C. sorokiniana in tofu liquid waste media (LCT), to determine the secondary metabolite content and total phenolic content of C. sorokiniana ethanol extract from cultured tofu waste media. C. sorokiniana was cultured at various concentrations of 15, 20, 25, and 30% LCT media. The best growth was obtained on LCT media with a concentration of 30%. The C. sorokiniana biomass obtained from cultivation on the best media was extracted using the repeated maceration method with solvent. The phytochemical test identified the secondary metabolites in the extract. The test results showed the presence of a class of alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids. The total phenolic test was carried out by Folin Ciocalteau reagent, and the results obtained was 14,16 mg GAE/g. The total flavonoids of the extract were 40.59 mg QE/g. 
DIVERSITY AND DOMINANCE INSECT PARASITOIDS OF THE BANANA SKIPPER PEST (Erionota thrax L.) IN BANANA AGROECOSYSTEMS Hendrival Hendrival; Zulkarnain Zulkarnain; Muhammad Muaz Munauwar
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.26875

Abstract

Banana skipper pest (Erionota thrax L., Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) are insect pests associated with banana plants. Control his can done by using parasitoid insects. The research aimed to study to diversity and dominance of insects parasitoid associated with banana skippers at agroecosystem banana. A sample is group eggs and roll leaf banana attacked by the banana skipper as much 40 samples (20 samples of larvae and pupae) and 20 group eggs per sample area. The results showed that species parasitoid found included parasitoid eggs is Ooencyrtus erionotae (Encyrtdae), Pediobius erionotae (Eulophidae), Anastatus sp. (Eupelmidae), and Agiommatus sumatraensis (Pteromalidae). Parasitoid larval and pupal are Cotesia erionotae (Braconidae) and Brachymeria lasus (Chalcididae). The number of individuals highest found in P. erionotae and lowest on Anastatus sp.  An index diversity of 1.2832 classified as moderate and an index evenness of 0.7161 classified as high. The level of parasitization highest on species P. erionotae at 48.73%, followed by O. erionotae at 42.50%, and lowest on Anastatus sp. at 1.75%. The level of parasitization at stages larval and pupae only reached 2.78 and 6.11%.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST CAUSES INFECTIONS ON THE SKIN FROM THE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI OF BASIL LEAVES (Ocimum sanctum L.) Uswatun Hasanah; Ahmad Shafwan S Pulungan; Endang Sulistyarini Gultom
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28837

Abstract

The aim of this study was to fund isolates of endophytic fungi from basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) which had inhibition against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. The specific target to be achieved from this research is the inhibition of each isolate of the basil leaf endophytic fungus (Ocimum sanctum L) against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Streptococcus pyogenes.This study produced 26 isolates of endophytic fungi from basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L), two (2) which has inhibitory power against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. 
FORMULATION AND TEST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC COMBINATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BITTER MELON (Momordica charantia L.) AND RED GINGER (Zingiber officinale rosc var.rubrum) AGAINST WHITE MALE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) Delisma Marsauli Simorangkir; Wahyudi Wahyudi
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28524

Abstract

Cholesterol, is one of the energy sources that provides the highest calories. In addition, cholesterol excess can cause disease.One of a plant that can reduce cholesterol levels is the combination of bitter melon and red ginger which contains flavonoids to lower cholesterol levels. This study aimed was to determine the effectiveness of the combination of red ginger rhizome extract with bitter melon in lowering cholesterol levels, and to determine the most effective dose of combination of red ginger rhizome extract with bitter melon in lowering cholesterol levels. Extraction was carried out by percolation using 96% ethanol solvent, then made into capsules, cholesterol testing was carried out using an experimental method using 35 male white rats induced with duck egg yolk and divided into 7 groups.Each group of 5 animals were given  1% CMC Na, simvastatin, ethanol extract of bitter melon fruit 100mg/Kgbb, ethanol extract of red ginger rhizome 100mg/Kgbb, ethanol extract of fruit bitter melon and red ginger each 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg.The results of cholesterol testing in each the treatment group, the best reduction in cholesterol levels was combination doses of 150 mg/kgBW of bitter melon and 150 mg/kgBW of red ginger. Based the results of this study. The best reduction in cholesterol levels was the combination group with a dose of 150 mg/kgBW of bitter melon and 150 mg/kgBW of red ginger which was comparable to the simvastatin in reducing cholesterol levels.Kolesterolmerupakan salah satu sumber energi yang memberikan kalori paling tinggi. Jika dalam jumlah berlebih dapat menyebabkan penyakit. Tanaman yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol adalah buah pare dan jahe merah yang memiliki kandungan flavonoid untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas serta dosis yang paling efektif kombinasi ekstrak rimpang jahe merah dengan buah pare dalam menurunkan  kadar kolesterol. Ekstraksi dilakukan secara perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, lalu dibuat dalam sediaan kapsul, uji kolesterol dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan 35 ekor tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi dengan kuning telur bebek dan dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok. Tiap kelompok sebanyak 5 ekor diberikan CMC Na 1%, simvastatin, ekstrak etanol buah pare 100mg/Kgbb, ekstrak etanol rimpang jahe merah 100mg/Kgbb, ekstrak etanol buah pare dan jahe merah masing-masing 50mg/Kgbb, 100 mg/Kgbb, 150 mg/Kgbb. Dari hasil penelitian ini hasil evaluasi sediaan kapsul memenuhi syarat. Hasil pengujian kolesterol dari kelompok perlakuan, penurunan kadar kolesterol yang paling baik dosis 150 mg/kgBB buah pare dan 150 mg/kgBB jahe merah. Penurunan kadar kolestrol yang paling baik adalah kelompok kombinasi masing-masing dosis 150 mg/kgbb yang sebanding dengan simvastatin.
PAINTED TERRAPIN (Batagur borneoensis) PREFERENCE ON NESTING SITE IN SERUWAY DISTRICT, ACEH TAMIANG Hana Shafira Aulia; Mufti Sudibyo; Lazuardi Lazuardi
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.18404

Abstract

Painted terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) is a critically endangered freshwater turtle that has an annual migration behavior from freshwater rivers to the coast during the breeding season. In the habitat selection, painted terrapin also have a tendency that is influenced by certain factors to meet their needs. This underlies the possible of environmental characteristics influence on their nesting site selection and the eggs production. This study aims to determine the correlation between eggs amount that obtained from each nest with : 1) distance of nesting site from vegetation, 2) distance between each nests, 3) distance nesting site from coastline, and 4) the slope of nesting site. Data collected by observation in the field and using Purposive sampling method to determine 4 research stations. Data was analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis by using IBM SPSS 22. The results showed the types of vegetation around the nesting sites were Casuarina sp., Ipomoea pes-caprae, Cyperus sp., Scaevola taccada, Thespesia populnea and Avicennia sp. The result showed the average of distance between nesting site is  90.7±124.4 meters, the average distance of nesting site to vegetation about 2.5 ± 3.8 meters, the average distance of nest to the coastline is  4.6±2.7 meters, the average slope of the nesting sites about 10.7°±3.1°, and the average number of eggs is 16.9±3.1 eggs. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the eggs amount is not influenced by the distance of nesting site from coastline, the distance to each nesting site, the distance of nesting site with vegetation and the slope of nesting site.
PROCESSING AND EVALUATION OF TONIC HAIR EXTRACT OF SINGKONG LEAVES (Manihot esculenta Crantz): COMBINATION OF ROSE WATER SQUEEZED (Rossa sp) IN MALE RABBITS Sofia Rahmi Tambusai; Dian Ika Pebrina Meliala; Desi Damayanti
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28368

Abstract

Hair growth cosmetics that make hair grow and stimulate hair growth due to baldness and hair loss are often called hair tonics. The alternative to natural ingredients used for hair tonic cosmetics as hair growth by rubbing then on the scalp, cassava leaves are used which can accelerate hair growth and reduce the occurrence of hair loss because the cassava leaves contain vitamin C and organic compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, and saponins. Hair tonic processing in this study used an experimental method by processing cassava leaves into extracts with a concentration of 5%; 7.5% and 10%, mixed with additional ingredients in the form of rose water juice, propylenglycol, nipagin, nipasol, BHT, menthol, and methyl paraben. These preparations were then tested on male rabbits weighing 1.5-2 kg, and Observed for four weeks. Processed hair tonic is given in an orderly manner in the specified part. Extracting hair used tweezers so that it can be observed. In the 20 plucked hairs, choosen the 10 longest strands of hair and measure them with a caliper. The period of hair removal is once a week. This research concluded that the processed hair tonic of cassava leaf extract, a combination of rose water juice, can be processed at a concentration of 5%; 7.5%, and 10%. The 10% concentration of hair tonic in the cassava leaf extract, the combination of the juice of rose water, resulted in a better hair length growth of 0.30 mm when compared to Natur's processing of 0.25 mm.
ACTIVITY OF JAVA ACID LEAF EXTRACT (Tamarandus indica L.) ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS OF RABBIT DRAIN INDUCED BY STREPTOZOTOCIN Bunga Rimta Barus; Sofia Rahmi
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 7, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Biosains
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v7i3.28579

Abstract

One of the plants commonly used as medicinal ingredients is tamarind leaf (Tamarindus indica L.). This plant belongs to the Leguminoceae family which has antidiabetic activity. This study aims to determine the antidiabetic activity of tamarind leaf capsule (Tamarindus indica L.) and determine the effective dose that acts as an anti-diabetic. This study used male white rabbits that had previously been induced with streptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/kgBW. Rabbits were divided into five treatment groups, namely CMC-Na (negative control), glibenclamide 0.45 mg/kgBW (positive control) and tamarind leaf capsules at a dose of 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW and 200 mg/kgBW. The results obtained were analyzed by statistical test One way ANOVA and Tukey test. The results obtained that tamarind leaf capsules at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW have antidiabetic activity close to glibenclamide at a dose of 0.45 mg/kgBW. The results of the One Way ANOVA test obtained a significance value (p < 0.05) and when continued with the Tukey test, the results showed that tamarind leaf capsules at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW and a dose of 200 mg/kgBW had no significant difference in decreasing blood glucose levels. This means that both doses are effective as antidiabetic doses which are comparable to glibenclamide 0.45 mg/kgBW.

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