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Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23385502     EISSN : 23375779     DOI : 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci
Core Subject : Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering
ournal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in: General Engineering Earth-Surface Processes Materials Science Environmental Science Mechanical Engineering Chemical Engineering Civil and Structural Engineering Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 132 Documents
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Influence of Bituminous Layer Modulus and Soil Layer Properties on the Modulus of Granular Layer Gopal, Sivaprakash; Padmarekha, Ajithkumar
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.4.6

Abstract

Bituminous pavements are designed to withstand vertical compressive strain at the top of the subgrade layer and horizontal tensile strain at the bottom of the bituminous layer. The modulus value of all the layers acts as an important parameter for accurate pavement designing. As the value of the granular layer’s modulus is a function of deviatoric stress and confinement pressure, this research studied the influence of bituminous and soil layer properties on the modulus of the granular layer hypothesized to follow E = k1 θ^(k2 ), where θ represents the stress invariant and k1 and k2 denote constants. The granular layer modulus was predicted at different depths for various cases using the KENPAVE software. When the bituminous layer modulus was increased, the granular layer modulus decreased. When the bituminous layer thickness was smaller, the granular layer modulus decreased with depth. Increasing the thickness of the bituminous layer by 10 cm decreased its modulus by 10 MPa. Increasing the depth caused a decrease in the modulus of the granular layer, but the modulus of the subgrade had no effect. The trends of stresses and strains from the nonlinear analysis were identical to those of stresses and strains from the linear analysis.
Reliability-based Design Optimization (RBDO) Study Applied to the Thermal Management of a Multi-Led Chip Package Elnouino, Houda; Bendaou, Omar; Bendaou, Othmane
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.4.8

Abstract

Solid-state lighting based on LEDs is used in various applications, including display, communications, etc. However, the high junction temperature is still challenging due to the LED chip’s reduced light output and lifetime. To face this challenge, a thermal study was done to determine junction temperature TJ of a multi-led chip package. Then, a sensitivity analysis of different materials was performed using the Sobol method to identify the parameters that most influence the junction temperature. To calculate the probability of failure of the model, the FORM-SORM and Monte Carlo methodologies were employed in this study. It was obtained that the probability of failure of the LED package is roughly 20%. An optimum design was created using reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) to lower this percentage. After application of this method, the junction temperature was lowered by 11% and the reliability level increased from 80% to 91%.
Characteristics of Activated Carbon Panels in Reducing CO, NO2, HC, Pb, and Noise Darmanijati, Maria Roosa Srah; Pranoto, Pranoto; Ramelan, Ari Handono; Inayati, Inayati
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.4.9

Abstract

Increasing population growth has resulted in increased vehicle ownership and the need for parking facilities, including in basements. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of palm shell activated carbon panels in reducing CO, NO2, HC, Pb, and noise. The experiment was conducted in a 4 m x 3 m x 2.1 m room using three treatments: without installed activated carbon panels; with 1 cm x 20 cm x 20 cm activated carbon panels; and with 2 cm x 20 cm x 20 cm activated carbon panels. During the measurement, three motorcycles were turned on and kept in idle mode. The concentrations of CO, NO2, HC, ambient Pb, and noise were measured. The results showed that the activated carbon panels were able to reduce CO, NO2, Pb, HC, and noise. The highest performance was obtained for 2-cm thickness of activated carbon panels, with CO, NO2, HC, Pb, and noise decreasing to 824 µg/m3, 8.4 µg/m3, 4.4 µg/m3, 0.2 µg/m3, and 87.44 dB, respectively. Following the adsorption process, the carbon content and pore size of the activated carbon panels had changed from 68.32% to 90.95% and 0.17-3.652 µm to 0.34-5.56 µm respectively for testing with 2-cm thickness panels.
Analysis of Liquid Smoke Grade Characteristics from Coconut Shells and Palm Kernel Shell Waste Through a Slow Pyrolysis Process Afrah, Bazlina Dawami; Riady, M. Ihsan; Payomthip, Panida; Ramadhanty, Rizky Vasya; Rizki, Fadhilah; Alfayyadh, Muhammad Luthfi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.4.10

Abstract

This research was motivated by the abundance of biomass plantations in Indonesia. Accumulated biomass waste will cause environmental problems. Biomass processing can resolve this issue, by producing functionally and economically valuable products. The purpose of this research was to increase the value of biomass by processing it as liquid smoke through pyrolysis and then proceeding to the purification stage. The purification method applied in this research was a combination of distillation and adsorption processes using natural zeolite. The variables of this research were: two types of biomass, namely coconut shells and palm kernel shells, and liquid smoke grade variations. The analysis parameters were: pH, viscosity, density, acid content, and phenol analysis as well as GC-MS. The characteristics analysis results showed that all liquid smoke samples met the Japanese liquid smoke standard. Based on pH, acid, and phenol analysis, the liquid smoke from the coconut shells sample had better quality compared to the liquid smoke from palm kernel shells, namely with pH 2.36, acid content 0.26 mg/mL, and phenol 2,368.75 ppm. The GC-MS test results indicated that grade-1 liquid smoke from both samples contained antibacterial compounds, such as phosphonic acid, formic acid, and carbamic acid, which have the potential to inhibit bacterial growth.
How do Road Users in Mixed Traffic Perceive Risk Towards Each Other? A Comparative Study from a Developing Country Zahra, Khalisha; Sukor, Nur Sabahiah Abdul
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.5.1

Abstract

Many developing countries have high traffic accident rates due to the mixed traffic environment in which bicycles and motor vehicles travel in the same lanes. This paper examines the perceived risk among road users in mixed traffic. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain demographic information and self-reported risk perception among cyclists, motorcyclists, and drivers. Statistical analyses, including the T-test and ANOVA, were used to examine the relevant differences in risk assessment among the groups. The results demonstrate that the groups differ significantly in sociodemographic characteristics, driving experience, and travel characteristics. For self-reported perceived risk, the respondents’ perceptions of road surface conditions, the potential of daydreaming while operating a vehicle, and distraction from passengers or riding companions exhibited significant differences between the groups. The research findings could be beneficial as a guide for policymakers in planning road safety awareness to reduce risk in mixed traffic environments.
Reducing Overall Active Power Loss by Placing Solar and Wind Generators in a Distribution Power System using Wild Horse Optimizer Algorithm Minh, Chau Le Thi; Duong, Minh Quan
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.5.2

Abstract

This study optimized the locations and sizes of wind-based distributed generators (WDGs) and solar photovoltaic-based distributed generators (PVDGs) to reduce the overall active power loss (OAPL) of an IEEE 85-bus distribution power system (DPS). Three meta-heuristic algorithms, including the Wild Horse Optimizer Algorithm (WHOA), the Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (AOA), and the Transient Search Optimization (TSO) algorithm, were applied and compared to each other to identify the most effective method for finding the best value of OAPL. Based on the analysis, WHOA outperformed the other methods in achieving the best value of OAPL according to different criteria. Additionally, the effectiveness of WHOA was compared with previous studies, while WHOA also proved its strength in reducing overall losses, decreasing grid power, and improving voltage profiles. Moreover, the effectiveness of WHOA was tested for a 24-hour period with varying loads and the addition of PVDGs and WDGs. The results indicated that WHOA could successfully determine the optimal positions of both PVDGs and WDGs in Case 3, Case 4.1, and Case 4.2, achieving the optimal value of OAPL in the selected DPS, decreasing grid power utilization, and improving the voltage profile. In conclusion, WHOA proved itself to be an effective optimization tool for dealing with large-scale optimization problems
Design of Object Detection System for Tangkuban Parahu Volcano Monitoring Application Evita, Maria; Mustikawati, Sekar Tanjung; Srigutomo, Wahyu; Meilano, Irwan; Djamal, Mitra
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.5.3

Abstract

Indonesia has 127 active volcanoes, which have to be monitored continuously in normal, eruption, or after-eruption conditions, to minimize the effects of disaster. Therefore, we have developed a four-wheeled mobile robot for both exploration and monitoring of volcanoes. To finish its mission on uneven terrain full of obstacles, the robot should be able to detect and avoid these obstacles. Therefore, real-time object detection was designed using the YOLOv5s deep learning algorithm, which was implemented on a Raspberry Pi3 for the front camera of the robot. Before it was tested on a real volcano, the model of the algorithm was trained to be able to detect obstacles. The dataset was trained with three variations of epochs (100, 300, and 500) in sixteen batches of YOLOv5s. The last variant yielded the best results, at 63.4% mAP_0.5 and 40.4% mAP_0.5:0.95, with almost zero loss. This model was then implemented on a Raspberry Pi3 to detect trees and rocks captured by camera on Tangkuban Parahu Volcano. Most of the trees and rocks were successfully detected, with 90.9% recall, 79.9% precision, and 91.5% accuracy. Furthermore, the detection error was low, as indicated by low FP and FN numbers.
Real-time Monitoring of Carbon Dioxide with IoT ThingSpeak using TiO2 Thick Film Gas Sensor Chachuli, Siti Amaniah Mohd; Ying, Wong Hui; Shamsudin, Nur Hazahsha; Coban, Omer
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.5.4

Abstract

Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless, and non-flammable gas and is claimed to be the fourth most abundant in the earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide emission is mainly generated by human and animal exhalation, decomposition of organic matter, and forest fires. Moreover, human activities in the industrial sector emit high levels of carbon dioxide gas, such as through fossil fuel burning, transportation, and deforestation. It is also an asphyxiant and high exposure to it may lead to health effects in humans such as headaches, breathing difficulty, tiredness, coma, and elevated blood pressure. Therefore, in this paper, a carbon dioxide gas sensor with IoT using TiO2 is proposed to observe varying concentrations of carbon dioxide gas at room temperature. Three similar gas sensors were fabricated via screen-printing technology to compare their performance towards carbon dioxide. The hardware development consisted of an Arduino Uno R3 with ESP 8266 Wi-Fi module, wires, LCD display, red and green LEDs, and a 5V power supply. The ThingSpeak application was integrated with the gas sensor and hardware parts to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration in a real-time system. Gas sensor G1 produced the highest response and highest sensitivity with values of 2.120 and 0.245, respectively.
Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Cemented Carbide at Elevated Temperatures Zamri, Wan Fathul Hakim W; Shamsudeen, Azhari; Din, Muhamad Faiz Md
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.5.5

Abstract

The material for a cutting tool needs to be carefully selected to withstand high temperatures during cutting and have good wear performance. The use of cutting tools made from cemented carbide material was studied due to its potential in terms of mechanical properties that are ideal at high temperatures up to 1000 °C and being cheaper than other materials. This investigation of the dry wear of this cutting material focused on temperatures of 25 °C, 200 °C, and 300 °C, with loads of 50 N, 100 N, and 150 N. The weight loss, friction coefficient, and change of the pin microstructure were determined. It was found that the higher the temperature and load applied to the cemented carbide pin, the more the microstructure changed, and the percentage of weight loss increased up to 0.55%. The wear rate on the cemented carbide pins was higher when applied to a stainless steel disc compared to a mild steel disc. The simulation revealed that the von Mises stress on the stainless steel disc was 51.759 Pa, while that on the mild-steel disc was 60.379 Pa. This indicates that both materials did not fail because the von Mises stress was lower than the disc yield stress.
Numerical and Experimental Study of Seismically Excited Scaled Structure with Active Mass Damper Setio, Herlien Dwiarti; Chen, Pei-ching; Setio, Sangriyadi; Sinjaya, Michael Felix; Andriana, Cecilia
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.5.6

Abstract

In recent years, the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) have attracted tremendous attention. The implementation of active control systems for building structures can be improved by using an AI controller. Non-AI controllers such as the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller require full state variables of the structure to be measured, which is rarely feasible. To address this problem, two AI models, namely, artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic (FL), have been tried as AI-based controller in various studies. In the present study, both AI models were investigated to see their practicality and effectiveness. The AI models were implemented to control an active mass damper (AMD) in a three-story prototype-sized building. The simulation results from the structure with an LQR controller were used as benchmark and training data for the AI models. The results of the study demonstrated that although both AI models could reduce the structure responses, ANN was more practical and effective compared to FL as an AI-based controller for the given structure. Furthermore, the effectiveness of an ANN-based AMD was also shown by the experimental results.

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