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Proceedings of Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Engineering,
Engineering Other
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Articles 95 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences" : 95 Documents clear
The structural change of leaves in Anthurium andraeanum uder intermitten mist Elly Kesumawati
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Photosynthesis is the fundamental basis in green plants, and the principal organ of photosynthesis is leaf. On the basis of water requirements or adaptations, as angiosperm leaves, Anthuriums require abundant soil water and relatively humid atmosphere. To identify the morphological characteristic of leaves in Anthurium, the transverses section was conducted. Two factors were tested in this experiment: 1) mist treatment (intermittent mist and control/without mist) and 2) the type of medium planting (bark and rockwool). For observation on microscopic differences, the leaves were put on the Auto Tissue Processor ROTEX and embedded the sample in a Hardener Resin (Technovit 7100), then the block-samples were sectioned in the Microtom machine at 5 um. The results of transverses section showed that the leaves of Anthurium with intermittent mist treatment, under both rock wool and bark medium thicker than control. In this experiment, the intermittent mist treatment affected the leaf structure of Anthurium andraenum. The intercellular space with connected to the outer atmosphere through the stomata was drastically increased by intermittent mist treatment which promoted transpiration, rapid gas exchange and photosynthesis.
Antibacterial activity of secondary metabolite compounds from leaf of Eclipta alba L. Hassk Kartini Hasballah; . Murniana; Nurdin Saidi
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Two secondary metabolite compounds of steroid and triterpenoid derivates had been extracted from the leaf of Eclipta alba L. Hassk. The extraction of the compounds was carried out by maceration and then isolated by column chromatography. Structural elucidation was established using GC-MS. Both of the compounds showed antibacterial activity against S. mutans, A. viscosus, and L. kaesal at the concentration of 5%, 10%, and 25%. 
Lipidoptera morphological structure as a basic of toxonomy in the area of lafarge cement indonesia plant in Lhoknga, Aceh Besar Distric, Indonesia M. Ali Sarong; . Wardiah; M. D. Asiah; Samsul Kamal
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

.  The study of Lepidoptera that took place around the factory of Lafarge Cement Indonesia (LCI) was aimed to determine the structure of dominance of Lepidoptera and  morphological structure as basic determination of taxonomy chategory of LCI plant Lhoknga Kabupaten Aceh Besar. The study was conducted from April to June 2012. The area of the study was divided into four locations; Gunung Bale Area (location I), Gunung Badak Area (Location II), LCI factory (Location III) and Gunung Oshing (location IV). The methods were survey and capture. The structure of the dominance was analysed by dominance formula and the species was analysed descriptivelly. The findings showed that there were 13 species and 1 species with dominance index (ID)  were  0.0-0.25 and 0.26-0.50 respectivelly, and none of them with ID ˃ 0.50. The species can be potentially used as the learning media of the course were 13 species, including the morphology and anatomy of each species. The parts of the body of Lepidoptera comprising of podos, chephal, torax, abdomen, and ptera are the basic determination of the taxonomy. In brief, it was found that Lepidoptera with categories were sub-dominant and not dominant. Determination of the taxonomy relied on the various structure of morphology of each members of Lepidoptera according to examinated level of taxonomy.
Partial genomic characterization on potentially new bacteriophage: New addition to ICTV database? Dharmela Sellvam; Yahya Mat Arip
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

A small infectious micro-organism that able to replicate only inside the living cells is named as viruses, which are also the most abundant life form on the earth. These subcellular organisms can be classified into four groups ; animal, plant, archaea and bacteria viruses. Among them, bacteria viruses or also known as bacteriophages have the highest numbers with the  total estimation of 1031 .  The fact is that, until today only ~ 6,000 types of phages have been discovered since 1959 (ICTV report, 2011). Therefore, there are lots of new phages waiting to be discovered. Partial genomic studies have been conducted on a potential new bacteriophage isolated from goat faeces. Thus, to fulfil the objective of this study genomic characterization was carried out to discover more genomic details in order to reveal the true identity of the newly isolated phage . As first part of the analysis, phage genome was extracted to identify the phage's genome type and to estimate the genome size. Along with that, the extracted genome was used to proceed with the genome profiling and also for  partial genome sequencing analysis. Based on the genomic analysis, the results showed the isolated phage carries DNA as it genetic material with the size of genome around 30-40kbp. Besides that, this phage produced different genomic profile in comparison with other known phages such as Lambda, T4 and T7 phages when digest with the same restriction enzymes. Besides that, based on partial genome sequencing and results run against NCBI database, this newly isolated phage might be related with another newly isolated phage known as Sodalis phage SO-1. As far as the genomic data collected, an assumption can be made that this isolated phage could be a new addition to the list of viruses in International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) database.
Fungal bioconversion of old oil-palm trunks by enzymatic hydrolysis on development of alternate energy source Lee Kok Chang; Takamitsu Arai; Akihiko Kosugi; Darah Ibrahim; Panida Prawitwong; Yutaka Mori
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The progressive depletion of fossil fuels has been causing increasing concern on rising energy consumption and environmental issues, such as greenhouse gas emission (GHG) and global warming. Due to low productivity of oil-palm tree after 20 - 25 years, the trees passed their economic age followed by the cutting-activity for replanting. Consequently, the old oil-palm trunks are one of the most abundantly available renewable resources produced, especially by Indonesia and Malaysia. We found that the felled oil palm trunk contains large quantity of sap with high concentration of free sugar contents. The oil-palm trunk residues which are the residual substances after squeezing sap will be discharged in large quantity. Composition analysis revealed that oil-palm residues mainly consisted of 73.12% holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) and 24.6% of lignin. We tried the screening of filamentous fungus which can produce high-activity enzyme against oil-palm trunk residues as feedstock of bioethanol production.  A filamentous fungus, which is Penicillium rolfsii with strong activity against oil-palm trunk residues was selected for saccharification experimental study. The result showed that higher amount of sugar production was achieved comparing to the commercial enzymes (Celluclast 1.5L and Accellerase®1500) on hydrolysis of oil palm residues, which is 1 to 2-fold of higher activity. Hence, Penicillium rolfsii have attracted a great deal of interest as oil-palm residues degrader due to their superiority activity against commercial enzymes.
System identification for small scale fisheries development in Riau Province waters T. Ersti Yulika Sari
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

System identification for small scale fisheries development was designed using System Methodology. This system identification consisted of construction related Causal Loop Diagram and Input-Output Diagram. It was foundthat system approach was an effective tool in identifying an complicated system. It could provide a set of holistic information necessary for solving such intricate problem systematically. The study conclude that beside favorableincentives created by the Government, accurate information along with a synergetic network among the actors involved were the key elements to develop small scale fisheries. Accurate information were needed on business forsmall scale fisheries and industrial capacity on the effectiveness of suitable fisheries and also for the processing technology, on the quality and quantity of accessible raw materials could be on the proper product prices and finallyon the appropriateness of labor wages. The system development should also explore a control subsystem to repress trade monopoly practices, diminution in product quality, excessive payment transaction and damage of theenvironment.
In vitro antioxidant activity of Lantadene A Chong Grace-Lynn; Ibrahim Darah; Sasidharan Sreenivasan
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Lantadenes are the pentacyclic triterpenoids present in the leaves of the plant Lantana camara. Pentacyclic triterpenes are often studied as their biological properties are considerable and contributes to the development of modern therapeutic drugs. In recent years various natural product based compounds are extensively studied for various pharmacological activities including antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study aims to determine the in vitro antioxidant activity of Lantadene A (from Lantana camara ) as results will enhance the knowledge of the compound towards development of hepatoprotective agents. The antioxidant assays performed on the compound were the DPPH radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide assay, superoxide anions scavenging activity and iron chelating assay. Results showed promising antioxidant activities as the IC50 for Lantadene A in the above assays were 6.574 mg/ml, 0.098 mg/ml, 2.506 mg/ml and 0.001 mg/ml respectively as compared to the standards (BHT, ascorbic acid and EDTA) 0.027 mg/ml, 0.075 mg/ml, 1.025 mg/ml and 0.47 mg/ml respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging assay for Lantadene A was weaker than BHT while iron chelating assay of Lantadene A is much stronger than the standard. The rest of the assays were comparable to the reference standards. These results suggest that Lantadene A can be a potential cadidate to be developed as an antioxidant. 
Regeneration rates of Dendrobium bobby messina plbs with ascorbic acid using PVS2 vitrification Jessica Jeyanthi James Antony; Chan Lai Keng; Sreeramanan Subramaniam
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Cryopreservation techniques using PVS2 vitrification was applied on PLBs of Dendrobium Bobby Messina, with survival monitored through observations of growth rate and the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) analyses. The parameters optimized were PLBs size, preculture concentration, preculture duration, PVS2 incubation temperature and duration. The optimized parameters obtained were 3-4mm of PLBs precultured in 0.2M sucrose for 1 day, treated with a mixture of 2M glycerol and 0.4M sucrose supplemented with half strength liquid MS media at 25°C for 20 minutes and subsequently dehydrated with plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) at 0°C for 20 minutes prior storage in liquid nitrogen. Following rapid warming in a water bath at 40°C for 90 seconds, PLBs were washed with a half strength liquid MS media supplemented with 1.2M sucrose. Subsequently, PLBs were cultured on half strength semi-solid MS media supplemented with 2% (w/v) sucrose in the absence of growth regulator. The optimized vitrification method was successful in preserving this orchid as it produced growth recovery in cryopreserved PLBs up to 40%. Ascorbic acid was added in the media to evaluate the regeneration process of cryopreserved PLBs. However, growth recovery rate was only 10% at 0.6mM ascorbic acid. RAPD analysis using 6 primers indicated that cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved PLBs from vitrification method were genetically faithful to the mother plant. However, 3 primers showed polymorphism and 1 primers indicated partial polymorphism between the cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved PLBs in comparative to the mother plant.
Morphology of leaves and content of secondary metabolites asiaticoside in some accession of pegagan (Centella asiatica l. Urban) in North Sumatera Noverita Sprinse Vinolina; Luthfi A. M. Siregar
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The objectives of this experiment was to observe morphology of leaves and content of asiaticoside in some accessions of Centella asiatica of lowland Sumatera Utara, Medan and Pantai Labu Deli Serdang and the highlands of Sumatera Utara, Berastagi, Kabanjahe and Samosir. The study also examines the link between altitude grow with the content of asiaticoside of Centella asiatica. Domestication research include: exploration and collection. This activity is carried out to collect Centella asiatica from different geographic locations with different altitudes. Later examination asiaticoside levels in the leaves of Centella asiatica by HPLC method and phytochemical test. Analysis of soil at all growing places were also conducted. The highest content of asiaticoside in accessions of Centella asiatica tested is as follows accession Deli Serdang (2.38%), Kabanjahe (1.43%), Medan (1.38%), Berastagi (1.38%), Samosir with shade (0.28%) and accession Samosir (0.24%). Altitude does not affect the content of asiaticoside Centella asiatica because in this study obtained the highest asiaticoside content found on lowland accessions namely (± 4 m asl), namely accession Pantai Labu  Deli Serdang (2.38%).
The effect of Wedelia biflora leaves extracts on the imflammation cause by allergic reactions of dermatitis in mice (Mus musculus) . Rinidar; M. Isa; . Sugito
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate useful of Wedelia biflora leaves extracts as  anti allergic caused by dermatitis allergic in mice. A total of 24 males Wistar mices were utilized as experimental animal in this study. The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups, and each group has 4 mices. The first group was a control which was injected with aquades (negative control), while three other groups (group 2 to group 4) were fed with   Wedelia biflora extracts orally at doses of 20 g, 40 g and 60 g per kg body weight, respectively, and the fifth group was a positive control which was injected with 10% ovalbumin, and the last group was given antihistamin drug (Loratadine) as compared control. All of experimental animals were injected with ovalbumin on day 1, 7, and 21, except for  negative control  which were injected with distillated water. The ectracts of Wedelia biflora were fed for 21 days. The inflammation areas were measured using a digital caliper and analysis one-way Anova. The results showed that the treatment of Wedelia biflora were resulted in reducing inflammation size significantly (p0.05) where the dose of 60 g/kg body weight was given the best result compared to other doses due to this value equivalent to antihistamine drug loratadine. We concluded that Wedelia biflora leaves extracts had the anti allergic effect.

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