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<![CDATA[Effect of Polymeric Additives on the Performances of Polyethersulfone Blend Hollow Fiber Membrane ]]>
<![CDATA[Bastian Arifin]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasrul Arahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Mulyati]]>;
<![CDATA[Yoshikage Ohmukai]]>;
<![CDATA[Hideto Matsuyama]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[The article reported the preparation and modification of hydrophobicpolyethersulfone (PES) by blending the solution with hydrophilic additives Tetronic 304, Tetronic 704, Tetronic 1307, and Tetronic 908. Polymeric porous membranes are generally prepared by the phase separation of polymer solution. In this work, we prepared hollow fibre membrane by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). Effect of molecular weight of surfactant added on the performance and characteristic of fabricated membrane were investigated. The control PES membrane has the highest contact angle, indicating thelowest hydrophilic. With addition of surfactant Tetronic in the polymer blend hollow fibre membrane, the water contact angle decreased indicates that the membrane surface is more hydrophilic. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for all of the membrane showed the structure of fibre with finger-like macro voids through the cross-section. The sponge-type of structure in the centre path of original membrane was disappearing with addition of Tetronic. Ultrafiltration experiment results showed that water permeability washighest with addition of Tetronic with lowest molecular weight. According to thecharacteristics of resulting membrane such as hydrophilicity, ultrafiltration performance, and pores structure, surfactant Tetronic was a good additive to produce hydrophilic membrane for drinking water application]]>
<![CDATA[Enhancing the Solubility of Indrapuri Clay (Local “Kieserite”Fertilizer) ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Adlim]]>;
<![CDATA[Zarlaida Fitri]]>;
<![CDATA[. Sulastri]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratu Fazlia Inda Rahmayani]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuliza Laini]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[Study on enhancing the solubility of clay containing magnesium of localproduction (Indrapuri) has been conducted. The clay is commercially available and named as “kieserite” produced by local companies. The sample was taken randomly from fertilizer shops and analysed with AAS and XRF methods. XRF data of local kieserite showed the dominated chemical content; MgO(33.19%); SiO2(33.11%); CaO(1.90%);Al2O3 (5.77%) and Fe2O3(6.32%). The MgO content is higher than that of magnesium sulphate monohydrate (CAS No.: 14168-73-1) which is only 28%. The concentration of soluble magnesium ions of local kieserite naturally soluble was 0.0186% which is very low compared with the soluble magnesium of magnesium sulphate monohydrate (CAS No.:14168-73-1) which is 25%. The Enhancing the magnesium solubility was done by soaking the local kieseriteinto 0.1-0.5M HNO3 before neutralized with NH4OH or mixing the local kieserite with in alluvial, entisol, red-yellow-podsolik (RYP) soils with and without addition of 0.1-0.5M of (NH4)2SO4. The amount of dissolved magnesium of kieserite was found morein entisol soil than the other type of soils. The concentration increased up between 0.59-1.00% along with the incrementof (NH4)2SO4 concentration (0.1-0.5 M). Both in entisol soil and in 0.1 M of (NH4)2SO4, the dissolved magnesium ion increased up to 0.825% but decreased at higher concentration of (NH4)2SO4]]>
<![CDATA[Plants Polyphenols: An Alternative Source for Green Corrosion Inhibitor ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohd Jain Kassim]]>;
<![CDATA[Tan Kang Wei]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[Corrosion inhibitors are chemical compounds when added in a smallconcentration to the corrosive environment will significantly reduced the corrosion rate of metals or its alloys. The environmental toxicity of organic and synthetic corrosion inhibitors has prompted the search for green corrosion inhibitors as they are biodegradable, do not contain heavy metals or other toxic compounds. As in addition to being environmental friendly and ecologically acceptable, plant products are inexpensive, readily available and renewable. Although substantial research has been devoted to corrosion inhibition by plantextracts, reports on the detailed mechanisms of the inhibition process and identification of the active ingredient are still scarce. Most plant extracts constitute of oxygen and nitrogen containing compounds. Most of the oxygen-containing constituents of the extracts is a hydroxy aromatic compound such as polyphenolic compound. It is postulated that a number of OH groups around the molecule lure them to form strong links with hydrogen and form complexes with metals. The complexes caused blockages of micro anodes and/or microcathodes and hence retard the subsequent dissolution of the metal. Another suggestion was through and adsorption of polyphenols to the metals due to the presence of donoracceptor interactions between the π-electrons of aromatic ring and vacant d orbital of surface metal atoms. The present paper will highlight some of Malaysian plant extracts which are potential to be used as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic media]]>
<![CDATA[Study of Digestion Efficiency on Spectrophotometric Determination of Phosphate In Water Sample by Flow Injection Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[. Lelifajri]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[A method suitable for the determination of phosphate in water samples is presented. The flow injection (FI) manifold contain a PTFE reaction coil wrapped around a low power UV lamp and is based on the spectrophotometric determination of Orthophosphate and mineralized organic phosphate at 690 nm after reduction of phosphomolybdate to molybdenum blue with tin(II) chloride. The linear range was 0-1.5 mg L-1 P, with a detection limit (3 s) of 7 μg L-1 and a sample throughput of 40 h-1. The tolerance of interference from Fe(II), Al(III), and Fe(III) was achieved using on-line sample pre-treatment by a strong acid ion exchange column]]>
<![CDATA[Factors Causing Rework at Building Construction in The Department of Highways and Settlements of Aceh Province ]]>
<![CDATA[T. Budi Aulia]]>;
<![CDATA[. Mubarak]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmatul Irfan]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[The operation of a building construction project should be carried out through aspecific management system. Construction project must also have a definite schedule and implementation plan. The general impact that would occur if the construction is not accordance with the schedule and plan is that the delays in project realization which would increase the cost of implementation. One of the factors causing such delays is due to the reworking activities on one or more items of the construction process. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that cause rework on the building construction projects in the Department of Highways and Settlements in Aceh Province. The research methodology is descriptive qualitative to descriptive quantitative that explains the processed data based on the calculation of numbers. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire that asked to 55 respondents, consisting of 16 project owners, 23 contractors and 16 supervising consultants. This study was conducted to see the main factors of the rework on building construction projects. The results showed that a major cause of the rework in termof design and documentation was the unclear detail and the changed design; in term of managerial factors is lack of control of the project owner; and materials arrived late and the lack of working experience were major causes of rework in term of resource factors. It is recommended to the Highways Agency and Human Settlements in Aceh Province to tighten control over the project consultants and contractors to pay attention to the managerial problems and procurement of materials in accordance with schedule and work volume]]>
<![CDATA[Optimization of Glucose as Source of Bioethanol from Reed (Imperatacylindrica) Using Cellulase Enzyme at Various pH and Substrate Particle Size ]]>
<![CDATA[Eti Indarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Yusya Abubakar]]>;
<![CDATA[Normalina Arpi]]>;
<![CDATA[. Satriana]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuza Arfiansyah]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[Due to increasing demand of petroleum and limited source of fossil fuel, it isneeded to explore and find source of a renewable energy. The biomass from agricultural residues, forest and farm waste has been known as a great source of energy and can be converted into biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel, etc. Reed which is abundant in Indonesia is one of potential sources of lignocellulose biomass that can be utilized as (Imperata cylindrica) a source of renewable energy such as bioethanol. The aim of this study was to optimize yield of glucose from reed using cellulose enzyme. Factors used in this research werepH and substrate particle size. Reed particle sizes were 80 and 100 mesh and pH of the solution were 4.2, 4.8 and 5.5. The results showedthat dried reedwith100 meshes in particle size which hydrolysed in enzyme solution with pH 5.5 at 37oC for 72 hours, producedthe highest yield of glucose in the amount of 80.2 mg/ml (8.02 %). When the incubation time was extended, glucose yield increased to 121.8 mg/ml (12.1%) at 96 hours and then decreased as the incubation time was extended further]]>
<![CDATA[A Preliminary Results of Site-Specific Ground Response Analysis of Banda Aceh, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Bambang Setiawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Taufiq Saidi]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[The Mexico City experience in 1985 demonstrated the importance of siteresponse effects. The site response effect i.e. soil amplification has caused major structure damages founded on thick soft soils. Banda Aceh, Indonesia founded on a formation which can be, typically, similar with the Mexico City. The city is underlain by approximately 70m to 206m thick alluvium. Thus, site-specific ground response analysis is necessary to be carried out to establish the most influential parameter i.e. peak ground acceleration and the spectral fundamental frequency. This ground response analysis was carried out usingcomputer program which is EERA. This analytical analysis has proven able to depict seismic wave behaviour in soft local soil deposits The results of the site-specific ground response studies are expose the real Banda Aceh‟s soil response during the 2004 Sumatran mega earthquake. Peak ground acceleration at soil site, the response spectra and fundamental frequency of the maximum response spectra are presented.]]>
<![CDATA[Use of near-infrared spectroscopy for determining the characterization metal ion in aqueous solution ]]>
<![CDATA[Alfian Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Hesti Meilina]]>;
<![CDATA[Roumina Tsenkova]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study uses Aquaphotomics to measure Cadmium (Cd) and Magnesium (Mg) in aqueous solutions by analysing the changes in water spectra that occur due to water-metal interaction. Metals have no absorbance in the NIR spectral range, thus the methods developed so far have focused on detection of metal-organic complexes. Measurements were performed with Cd (II) and Mg(II) in 0.1 M HNO3, in the 680-1090 nm (water second and third overtones) and 1110-1800 nm (water first overtone) spectral regions, and were subjected to partial least-square regression analysis. Metal ions were scanned by NIRSystem 6500 using cuvette cell with 2 mm path length, in three consecutive days. Data for two days were used as data set and the rest of the data were used as prediction set. The calibration and prediction statistics obtained in this study indicated the potential of NIRS to predict metal ions in aqueous 0.1 M HNO3 solution with correlation coefficient (R2pred.0.7). The RPD (residual predictive deviation) or ratio of standard error of prediction to the standard deviation, values were greater than 2, indicating that the model is appropriate for practical use (Cozzolino,2007). By using water matrix coordinates (WAMACS) from regression coefficient, obtained a consistency specific wavelength for each metal.. These results showed that the PLS model were able to detect character metal ions in the NIR region of electromagnetic spectra with high accuracy even at very low concentrations (0-10 ppm). ]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of TENORM Using Phytoremediation Technics in the Environment Gas Industry ]]>
<![CDATA[R. Safitri]]>;
<![CDATA[. Irhamni]]>;
<![CDATA[. Samsinah]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[TENORM (technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material) is the natural radioactivity due to human activity or process technology has increased the potential radiation exposure, compared to the initial state. TENORM focuses on the results of the waste industry. Testing the existence of TENORM in the industry has been made on the LNG plant in Aceh. The study aims at observing chances TENORM contamination at the factory working environment. The study was done by using Phytoremediation uses kale plants growing around an industrial environment. The analysis is done by calculating transfer factors from waste radioactive material into kale plants by comparing the results on the industry instead. The results showed that the value of measurements on samples of chopped watercress growing in the industry is higher than the count values in the samples grown in the industry instead. Increased count values above 100% when measured in the roots, stems and leaves. It is informed that the radioactive contamination of the environment from the possible gas industry TENORM contaminated presence in the neighbourhood]]>
<![CDATA[Techno-economics analysis of biodiesel production from palm, jatropha curcas and calophyllum inophyllum as biofuel ]]>
<![CDATA[T.M.I. Mahlia]]>;
<![CDATA[H.C. Ong]]>;
<![CDATA[H.H. Masjuki]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Syiah Kuala University ]]>
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<![CDATA[Transportation sector has a dominant role in global fuel consumption andgreenhouse gas emissions consequently. Biodiesel is a renewable energy that has great potential to serve as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel in diesel engine. Besides the technical barriers, there are several nontechnical limiting factors, which impede the development of biodiesel. Therefore, this study is focused on biodiesel production and techno-economic comparison among palm, jatropha curcas and calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel as transportation fuel. Moreover, the present study attempts to find out the impact of biodiesel implementation towards the energy scenario, environmental and economy. The largest economic factor for biodiesel production is feedstock cost. Furthermore, replacing 5% of diesel fuel with biodiesel fuel in road transport can reduce theCO2 emission up to 1200 ktons in year 2031. When the subsidy policy and tax exemption are implemented, biodiesel fuel is more competitive than fossil diesel at the current production costs. Therefore, this study serves as a guideline for further investigation on biodiesel production and other limitation factors before the wider utilization of biodiesel can be implemented.]]>
