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Proceedings of Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Engineering,
Engineering Other
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Articles 402 Documents
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Effect of lipids and thermal processing on antioxidant activity of galangal seasoning, tom-kha paste extract Naiyana Pengseng; Sunisa Siripongvutikorn
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The effect of lipids on antioxidant activities of tested antioxidants and the galangal seasoning, Tom-Kha paste extract were determined. The result showed that heating caused a decrease of DPPH scavenging activity of lauric acid but did not affected on ABTS scavenging activity of both lauric acid and virgin coconut oil. However, ABTS scavenging activity of p-hydroxycinnamic acid and the paste extract in both lauric acid and virgin coconut oil systems increased after thermal processing. In the system of lauric acid, peroxide value (PV) of almost mixtures was increased (p0.05) by heating. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of the mixtures were not significantly different (p0.05) after thermal processing while p-anisidine value (AV) of only lauric acid-gallic was enhanced after heating. The results showed that PV of virgin coconut oil added with all tested antioxidant was not changed after heating. TBARS of virgin coconut oil added with antioxidant samples seemed to slightly increase after heating. AV of virgin coconut oil with added gallic acid and the paste extract were not changed while AV of virgin coconut oil with added p-hydroxycinnamic acid and Trolox seemed to decrease after heating
Analysis of growth of sandfish Holothuria scabra cultured at different cultivated habitat Ambo Tuwo; Joeharnani Tresnati; . Saharuddin
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The problem in the sea cucumber culture development in Indonesia is the difficulty to find the culture area that could provide optimal production. This study analyzed the cultivated habitat that could provide optimal growth,proximate and total energy to sandfish Holothuria scabra cultivated in different habitats. The study was done from March to June 2011 in the Puteangin Island, Lasitae Village, District Tanete Rilau, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi.The cage size used was 2 m in length, 1 m in width, and 1.5 m in height. The net mesh-size was 0.5 inch. The cage placed at three different habitats, i.e. sandy overgrown with seagrass habitat, sandy covered with corals habitat, andsandy habitat. The study consisted of three treatments and three replications. Growth was observed by measuring the daily specific growth rate and absolute weight growth. Proximate and energy content of sandfish was analyzed atthe beginning and the end of the study. The study reveals that the sand and seagrass habitat provide the best results with daily specific growth rate is 1.15% ± 0.03%. The absolute weight growth is 28.45 g ± 0.95 g. The proximate content is 0.24 g ± 0.492 g for protein, 0.07 g ± 0.395 g for fat, and 18.026 g ± 0.39 g for carbohydrate. The highest energy content is 176 997 calories.
Some Rice Varieties Tolerant to Nitrogen Deprivation Muhammad Hatta; . Rosmayati; Chairani Hanum; . Hamidah
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 5, No 2 (2015): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

A research on rice varieties tolerant to nitrogen deficiency has been conducted. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with 3 replicates. There were 15 varieties of rice studied and 2 levels of nitrogen applied, i.e. 0 kg Nha-1 and 90 kg Nha-1. The results showed that rice varieties resistant to nitrogen deficiency were Inpari 16, Marga Sari, Lambur, Inpari 19, Limboto, and Batang Hari. However, rice varieties with high-tolerant to nitrogen deficiency were Marga Sari, Inpari 16, Lambur, Batang Hari, and Situ Patenggang
Comparative performance study of two simple soot models for the prediction of soot level in atmospheric turbulent non-premixed flames . Elwina; . Yunardi; Novi Sylvia; . Wusnah; Yazid Bindar
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 1, No 2 (2011): Engineering
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

The increase of current fossil fuel consumption has led to an increase of soot emission into atmosphere.  Accurate prediction of soot production and destruction in a combustion system is not only important for the purpose of the design of the system, but also vital for the operation of the combustor. Numerous soot models have been proposed to predict the soot production and destruction in a flame, categorized as empirical, semi-empirical and detailed soot models.  Although the detailed model represents the highest level of soot modelling, its use has been impaired by substantial requirement of resources of computer and time. Therefore, empirical and semi-empirical approaches still have their position in soot modelling of practical combustors. In this study, two soot models, single-step and two-step models are examined in the simulation of atmospheric turbulent non-premixed sooting flames. The soot models are compared and evaluated for their performance in predicting soot level in methane and ethylene non-premixed flames.  The commercial software Fluent 6.3 was used to perform the calculations of flow and mixing fields, combustion and soot. Standard k-ε and eddy dissipation models were selected as solvers for the representation of the turbulence and combustion, respectively.  The two soot models used in the study are available directly from the code for evaluation. The results show that the two-step model clearly performed far better than the single-step model in predicting the soot level in both methane and ethylene non-premixed flames. With a slight modification in the constant a of the soot formation equation, the two-step model was capable of producing prediction of soot level closer to experimental data.  In contrast, the single-soot model produced very poor results, leading to a significant under-prediction of soot levels in both flames.
Comparative analysis of asthma incidence between breastfed and bottle-fed children (aged 3-7 years old) Roselyn M. Butalid; Laurence P. Alquiza; Charles D. P. Calderon; Earlgay S. L. Padilla
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 3, No 1 (2013): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

This study primarily aimed to compare the incidence of asthma between breastfed and bottle-fed children. And to determine if the demographic characteristics such as age, sex, ordinal position in the family and familial history of asthma affect the incidence of asthma as well. This study used Comparative-Survey Design through self-structured questionnaire given to the parents of the respondents who were the 3-7 year-old asthmatic children, selected through purposive sampling technique. The data gathered were thentabulated and analyzed using Chi-Square Method of Association. It was found out that most of the asthmatic respondents were between 5-7 years old which showed a high association between the age and the incidence of asthma. It implies that as the age increases, the incidence of asthma also increases. Results also showed that males are more likely to have high incidence of asthma than females. The incidence of asthma is likewise higher in eldest respondents than the middle or youngest. Moreover, there is a significant relationship between the familial history of asthma and its incidence. And finally, the feeding status of the respondents whether breastfed or bottle-fed during the first 6 months of life affects the incidence of asthma as the incidence is higher in bottle-fed than in breastfed respondents
Mercury in sediment and freshwater organisms from Kr. Sikulat River around the artisanal gold mining plants in Sawang, Aceh Province, Indonesia . Suhendrayatna; . Elvitriana
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 2 (2012): Engineering
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Artisanal gold miners in Sawang use mercury in gold separation process. The workers put gold ore and mercury into the tumblers to extract gold and silver by amalgamation method. After gold and silver are isolated from the ore as amalgam, mercury is vaporized by burning with an oil burner. Furthermore, wastewater containing mercury is discharged at landfills and Kr. Sikulat River stream. With the purpose of knowing the impact of small-scale gold mining plant in Sawang, the concentrations of mercury in Kr. Sikulat River sediment and the accumulation of mercury in tissues of freshwater organisms from Kr. Sikulat River were investigated. Sediments were taken from locations near the gold mining plant and freshwater organisms were caught in the estuary from Kr. Sikulat River. Samples were transported live to the laboratory and sampled dissected after death. Tissue from each organism were removed and grained after dried. Total mercury analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), AA-6300 Shimadzu. The results showed that the concentration of mercury in sediment found 0.0339 mg-Hg/kg, while the concentration of mercury in the water phase were found 0.005 – 0.047 mg-Hg/L. Mercury was also found in the concentration of 0.1903 mg-Hg/kg accumulated in the shellfish, but it was not found accumulated in other freshwater organisms such as fish and shrimp. Based on these results, a regular monitoring program in Kr. Sikulat River is necessary conducted in order to better elucidate the rate of bioaccumulation and biomagnification by organisms
Evaluation of viability and nutritive value of Indigofera tinctoria as a potential animal feeding in Aceh Province, Indonesia M. Aman Yaman; M. Daud; . Zulfan; Yadi Jufri; T. Fadrial Karmil
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

A series of studies related to animal feeding technology to stimulate the egg production and egg quality with the development of a cheap source of protein types and useful has been done through the evaluation of viabilityand nutritive value of Indigofera tinctoria and in vivo treatments on quail and chicken. Research conducted since 2010 to October 2012 with a focus on increasing the ability to grow the Indigofera’s seed under soaking treatment inauxin hormone and testing the nutritional value on quail and chicken. The first study related to the viability testing is done by soaking the seed of Indigofera in auxin hormone before planting in the field. The study consisted of 4treatments and 5 replications of soaking period, namely: control, B (12 hours), C (24 hours) and D (32 hours) in the solution. The parameters measured were: viability and growth of seed and dry matter content of Indigofera leaf. Thesecond study tested the nutritive value of Indigofera in the ration of laying chickens and quail. Treatments were: 0, 2, 4 and 6% of Indigofera leaf in the ration. Parameters observed in were: egg production, fertility, hatchability andegg quality. The results showed that the viability of the Indigofera’s seed with soaking treatment significantly increased to 80% and soaking for 32 hours resulted a higher viability. The treatment of soaking in auxin hormonealso increased nutrient content of indigofera leaf especially protein. In terms of nutritional value, supplement of Indigofera leaf was very useful to improve the production and quality of eggs in both local laying chickens and quail.The addition of Indigofera leaf in the ration up to 5% also reduced the feed consumption and increasead Haugh unit of egg chicken. From these results it was concluded that the viability of Indigofera tinctoria increased by soaking inauxin hormone for 12-32 hours. These treatments also stimulated the dry matter and protein contents in Indigofera’s leaf. The supplement of Indigofera tinctoria leaf as much as 1-5% in the ration also improved the egg production and quality of local chicken and quail. It was indicated that Indigofera tinctoria contains not only protein and amino acids but also vitamin and mineral for egg quality
METHYLCOBALAMIN EFFECT ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR ALLODYNIA IN RATS SPRAGUE DAWLEY ENDANG MUTIAWATI
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 4, No 2 (2014): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Neuropathic pain is an expression of the nerve damage that impaired its excitability, such as increased excitability in the nerve lesion and surrounding healthy nerves as well. It is estimated that the incidence of neuropathic pain ranges between 2-40% of all adult men. Some neuropathic pain can not be cured, such as in patients with diabetes mellitus, trigeminal neuralgia, cervical syndrome, carpal tunnel syndrome, lumbar stenosis, herniated nucleus pulposus and the carcinoma. The pathophysiology of neuropathic pain are complex and not fully understood. Methylcobalamin is a metabolite of vitamin B12 acts as a coenzyme in the formation of methionine from homocysteine. This reaction is useful in the formation of DNA, as well as maintenance of nerve function. Through the methylation reaction, methylcobalamin also plays a role in the formation of lecithin, a protein that plays an important role in the regeneration of peripheral nerves, including the formation of myelin. This study aimed to determine animal mechanical alodinia with or without the administration of methylcobalamin. Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats, aged 2 months, with an average weight of 150-250 g, obtained from the Laboratory LPPT Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 5 mice. All the rats, their fifth lumbar nerve were ligated. Group I was the control mice (C) 0.9% NaCl given, group II (M1) were given a dose of 50 microg methylcobalamin, group III (M2) were given a dose of 100 microg methylcobalamin, while group IV (M3) were given a dose of 150 microg methylcobalamin 13 weeks provision. For 13 weeks, neuropathic pain behavior was assessed. Neuropathic pain behavior in experimental animals observed about onset, duration and filaments Von Frey numbers that cause mechanical alodinia. Result of the study showed methylcobalamin influence the mechanical alodinia. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that there was a reduction in neuropathic pain in the methylcobalamin group compared with the control group.
Effect of fermentation container and thickness of bean mass during fermentation process of cocoa bean (Theobroma cocoa L) E. Indarti; H. P. Widayat; N. Zuhri
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 1, No 1 (2011): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Fermentation is used mainly to free the beans from the pulp, preventing growth, improving appearance, and facilitating subsequent process. Nowadays, fermentation becomes one of the important steps for better quality and taste of chocolatte. Fermentation methods may vary from country to country. Indonesian farmers mostly use wooden container instead of stacking the beans on the ground. Due to the simplycity and practical important to the farmers in improving quality of cocoa beans, available containers which are easy to be found around the village is used. The containers choosen in this reasearch are wooden box, rattan bucket and plastic bucket. The percentage of fermented beans and their mass temperatures are affected by the thickness of bean mass. Therefore, it is necessary for adjusting the thickness of beans which are placed in different containers and different size. The aim of this research is to improve the quality of fermented cocoa beans by selecting appropriate type of fermenting containers, size, and their optimal thickness of the bean mass.  The variable of these research are containers (wooden box, palstic bucket, and rattan bucket) and bean mass depth (30, 40 cm). During fermentation, changes in temperature, pH, and sugar content were recorded within 12 hours interval time. Analysis of dried fermented beans included water content, fat content, pH, cut test, and free fatty acids. Results shows that bean mass temperature highly  increased up to the third day and slowly decreased on the fourth and the fifth day. The highest temperature was 43.4oC occurred in beans placed in rattan bucket at  thickness of 40 cm. Unlike pH, during fermentation, the pH becomes extremely acidic occurred from intial day (5.45-5.85) to the third day (3.05-3.25), but on the fifth day the trend of pH value is increased. Sugar content shows that the initial sugar content average was 9.5% and then decreased to 3.4% on the first day. On the second day, the amount of sugar was below 2% and decreased to 0.3% on the fifth day. Among different containers wooden box shows highest fermented beans compared to other containers
Antimicrobial activity of Phomopsis sp. ED2, an endophytic fungus isolated from Orthosiphon stamineus Benth Tong Woei Yenn; Darah Ibrahim; Latiffah Zakaria
Proceedings of The Annual International Conference, Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Life Sciences
Publisher : Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. ED2, which was previously isolated from the flower of the medicinal plant Orthosiphon stamineus Benth, in Penang, Malaysia. The 14 days-old fungal cultures were extracted with different organic solvents, include hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested by disc diffusion assay. Based on the results, most antimicrobial compounds were present in the ethyl acetate fraction, and this extract could significantly inhibit the activity of bacteria, yeasts and fungi. The results also indicate that the antimicrobial compounds were mainly associated with the fungal biomass and all the Gram-positive test bacteria were inhibited by the ethyl acetate extract of the fungal biomass. Notably, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aereus exhibited a high sensitivity to the extract, with a low minimal inhibitory concentration and low minimal lethal concentration. The isolate also effectively inhibited the growth of the dermatophytes Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum. Preliminary phytochemical screening also demonstrated that the extract contains phenols and steroids which possess antimicrobial activity. These results reveal that the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. is potential source of novel chemotherapeutic agents

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