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INDONESIA
Jurnal Wasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
ISSN : 23559969     EISSN : 25025198     DOI : doi.org/10.62142
Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Physics Other
The Wasian Journal dedicates itself to advancing scientific research that significantly contributes to the conservation of natural resources and the sustainable transformation of landscapes. Our goal is to support the long-term ecological balance and resilience of forests and land. We are committed to publishing cutting-edge research that is innovative and open to rigorous scholarly debate, maintaining the highest standards of quality.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June" : 5 Documents clear
Responses of Stomatal Characteristics to Environmental Factors in Fabaceae Trees of the Urban Forest in Maros Regency Yahya, Roslina Yahya; Sukri, Hadija; Nirawati; Djarot, Ira Nurhayati Djarot
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/xx0wes03

Abstract

The response of plants to environmental conditions is reflected in their stomatal characteristics, including stomatal type, number, and density. This novel research examines the influence of environmental factors on the stomatal characteristics of Fabaceae tree leaves in the Urban Forest of Maros Regency. The study explores the relationship between stomatal traits and environmental variables such as light intensity and air humidity. Data analysis employed Pearson correlation to assess how these variables affect stomatal number and density. The results reveal variations in stomatal types among Fabaceae species: Acacia exhibits diacytic stomata, Dadap Merah (Erythrina crista-galli L) has paracytic stomata, Trembesi shows normocytic stomata, and Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L) displays cyclocytic stomata. The study also finds that stomatal number and density are higher in the eastern region compared to the western region. Sengon exhibits the highest stomatal number and density among the species studied, whereas Dadap Merah has the lowest. Correlation analysis indicates that only the External Light Intensity of the Stand (ELIS) significantly affects stomatal number and density at the 0.05 (5%) level. Air humidity does not show a significant impact. These findings highlight the role of light intensity in shaping stomatal characteristics in Fabaceae trees within urban forests, contributing to a deeper understanding of plant-environment interactions and their ecological implications.
Assessment and Spatial Mapping of Soil Degradation Status in Bontoharu District, Selayar Islands Regency: A Framework for Sustainable Land Management Sudiyanto, I Wayan; Wahyudi, Wahyudi
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/s431wp41

Abstract

This research conducts a comprehensive spatial assessment of the soil degradation status in the Bontoharu District, Selayar Islands Regency, to facilitate evidence-based sustainable land management strategies. By employing an integrated methodological framework that combines GIS-based spatial analysis, field surveys, and laboratory testing, the study evaluates various parameters, including physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Key environmental factors examined include rainfall patterns, topography, soil typology, and land use practices. Primary data obtained from field sampling was supplemented with secondary data sources, including CHIRPS rainfall data (2014-2023), digital elevation models, and official land use classifications. The findings indicate that while 81.78% of the study area demonstrates low degradation levels, approximately 18.22% encounters significant soil degradation challenges, with 7.85% classified as very critical. The spatial distribution analysis revealed that surface rock fragments, shallow solum depth, and unfavourable soil physical properties are the predominant limiting factors. The areas most vulnerable to degradation correlate with steep slopes (greater than 45%) and intensive agricultural activities. The study outlines spatially explicit recommendations for targeted conservation interventions, including reforestation in critical areas (1,288.42 hectares), community forest development (1,018.54 hectares), organic matter amendments, and enhancement of land use practices. This research highlights the importance of integrated spatial assessments in formulating location-specific conservation strategies and provides a methodological framework that is applicable to similar island ecosystems facing soil degradation challenges.
Insectivorous Birds Dominate Across Land-Use Gradient Revealing Unexpected Ecological Resilience in Tropical Forest-Coffee Landscapes Iswandaru, Dian; Rahma Fitriana, Yulia; Darmawan, Arief; Kaskoyo, Hari; Wulandari, Christine; Safe'I, Rahmat; Herwanti, Susni; Novriyanti, Novriyanti; Gumay Febryano, Indra; pardede, lusiana
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/5vf89h84

Abstract

Vegetation is essential for birds to fulfil their life requirements. Monoculture coffee plantations, coffee-based agroforestry systems, and forests in HKm Wana Jaya provide potential habitats for various animal species, including birds. This research assessed bird diversity, richness, evenness, species dominance, feeding guilds, and conservation status across these three land cover types. The point count method was employed for data collection. Data were quantitatively analysed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the Margalef richness index, the Pielou evenness index, and the Simpson dominance index. The study recorded 35 bird species from 19 families comprising 167 individuals. Species diversity values across all three land cover types fell within the moderate category, with forest exhibiting the highest value (2.988), followed by coffee agroforestry (2.648) and monoculture coffee (2.035). The highest species richness was found in the forest (5.429) and the lowest in monoculture coffee (2.970). The highest species evenness was recorded in coffee agroforestry (0.935) and the lowest in monoculture coffee (0.849), while species dominance values across all three land cover types were categorised as low (0.061-0.172). Insectivorous birds dominated feeding guilds across all habitat types, revealing unexpected ecological resilience. Of the species recorded, 29 are classified as Least Concern, two as Vulnerable, four as Near Threatened, while 10 species are protected under national legislation, and three species are listed in CITES Appendix II. The findings suggest that while forests maintain the highest biodiversity value, coffee agroforestry systems can provide crucial supplementary bird conservation habitats in modified landscapes.
Understanding Traditional Walnut Management System in Forest Communities of Selayar Islands, Indonesia Pratiwi, Rini; Makkarennu, Makkarennu; Ridwan, Ridwan
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/y4srf690

Abstract

This study examines traditional walnut management systems in Onto Village, Selayar Islands, Indonesia, using a Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) framework to understand how forest communities have developed and maintained sustainable resource management practices through generations. Through purposive sampling, 24 walnut farmers were interviewed to document indigenous management practices and utilization patterns associated with heritage trees averaging 40-50 years old. The research reveals a comprehensive five-stage management system—planting, harvesting, drying, peeling, and marketing—developed through accumulated traditional knowledge and continuously refined through practical application. Communities demonstrate sophisticated multi-functional utilization strategies that maximise resource efficiency: kernels serve as food and spices, timber provides construction materials, and shells become fuel for charcoal production. However, significant constraints limit the full potential of this traditional system, including reliance on conventional drying methods, limited processing technology, exclusive marketing of raw products, and absence of systematic replanting programmes, despite favourable market prices (IDR 60,000-100,000/kg). The study demonstrates how traditional ecological knowledge enables sustainable forest resource management whilst providing stable community livelihoods. The documented practices reflect generations of adaptive learning and environmental understanding that maintain both economic benefits and ecological integrity. However, finding highlights the complexities that arise between traditional knowledge and market pressures could emphasizing the importance of developing initiatives that honor traditional practices while also fostering positive economic outcomes. These insights unique contribute to understanding how traditional knowledge can inform sustainable forest management policies and support culturally appropriate development approaches in forest-dependent communities.
Will Indonesia's Forests Survive Development Pressure? Machine Learning Predictions for Energy-Critical Tropical Watersheds Utami A, Widyanti; Irlan, Irlan; Syahrir, Nur Hilal A; Rosmaeni, Rosmaeni
Jurnal Wasian Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): June
Publisher : Forestry Department, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62142/hjs6a555

Abstract

Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes play an important role in influencing the hydrological conditions of a watershed. The conversion of land such as forests, shrubs and grasslands into agricultural land can disrupt the hydrological balance of the watershed. The availability of information related to LULC dynamics in the future is needed to assist sustainable watershed management planning. Machine learning technology, such as Cellular Automata, can provide accurate predicting. The objective of this research is to simulate LULC based on machine learning in the Mamasa Sub-watershed. Two model combinations were employed to simulate LULC: Artificial Neural Network-Cellular Automata (ANN-CA) and Logistic Regression-Cellular Automata (LR-CA). The research results found that the ANN-CA model achieved percent of correctness and overall kappa of 83.6745 and 0.75412, respectively, which were higher than those of the LR-CA model (82.3498 and 0.73361). The prediction results of both model combinations still fall below the actual LULC values, especially in the case of large LULC classes such as forests, range-shrub, rice, and pasture. Conversely, higher accuracy is observed for smaller classes such as wetlands-forested, orchard, residential, and oak. However, it should be noted that this research did not include several socio-economic variables, such as population and income level, which are considered to influence changes in LULC. Future research is expected to analyse the influence of each variable and include some socio-economic variables that may have a significant influence on LULC change.

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