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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/ijhsm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Focus: The Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine (IJHSM) focus to advance the field of health science and medicine by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and case studies. Our journal serves as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, critical insights, and emerging trends in the broad domain of health science and medicine. Scope: Clinical Research and Practice Studies on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Clinical trials and evidence-based practices. Advances in medical technology and therapeutics. Public Health Epidemiology and health statistics. Health policy and management. Community health initiatives and health education. Biomedical Science Research on cellular and molecular biology. Genetics and genomics. Pharmacology and toxicology. Health Care Systems and Services Health care delivery and management. Quality improvement in health care services. Health economics and health informatics. Global Health Health issues affecting populations worldwide. International health regulations and practices. Global health governance and diplomacy. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Lifestyle and behavioral interventions. Preventive medicine and early detection. Nutritional science and physical activity. Mental Health Research on mental health disorders and treatments. Psychological well-being and mental health promotion. Integration of mental health services in primary care. Innovations in Health Education and Training Medical and health science education methodologies. Training programs for health professionals. Continuing education and professional development.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 311 Documents
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Identification of Cryptosporidiosis in Preschool Children: Identifikasi Cryptosporidiosis pada Anak Usia Prasekolah Hraija, Baraa Abdulsalam Hraija; Kadhim , Dhamyaa Kareem; Aqeele , Ghasik
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.405

Abstract

General Background: Cryptosporidiosis is a globally distributed parasitic disease that frequently causes diarrheal illness in young children and represents a persistent public health concern. Specific Background: Cryptosporidium parvum is one of the most significant zoonotic protozoa responsible for gastrointestinal infections, and molecular identification methods are increasingly used to clarify epidemiological patterns and genetic diversity of circulating strains. Knowledge Gap: Despite numerous studies on intestinal parasites, molecular data regarding local isolates and subtype distribution of C. parvum in Iraqi children remain limited. Aims: This study aimed to detect C. parvum in diarrheic children using nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the GP60 gene and to analyze the genetic relationships of local isolates through sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Among 28 fecal samples examined, 12 (42.86%) were positive for C. parvum. Sequencing analysis of positive samples revealed a high genetic similarity (approximately 99%) with global reference strains in the NCBI database, with minimal nucleotide variation. Phylogenetic analysis further classified the detected isolates into two subtype groups, IIc and IIId, with IIc representing the majority of cases. Novelty: This research provides the first molecular confirmation and phylogenetic characterization of these GP60 subtype groups among local Iraqi isolates deposited in the NCBI database. Implications: The findings contribute to the understanding of molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in Iraq and highlight the importance of expanded genotyping and surveillance studies to clarify transmission pathways and improve disease monitoring. Keywords: Cryptosporidium Parvum, Molecular Epidemiology, Nested PCR, GP60 Gene, Pediatric Diarrhea Key Findings Highlights High proportion of pediatric stool samples contained detectable parasite DNA. Genetic sequencing revealed strong similarity between local isolates and global strains. Two allele groups dominated the detected variants within the sampled population.
Assessment of Obstetric and Gynecological Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Water Birth in Mosul City: Penilaian Pengetahuan Perawat Obstetri dan Ginekologi Mengenai Persalinan Air di Kota Mosul Jasim, Rana Mohammed
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.407

Abstract

General Background: Water birth has emerged as an alternative childbirth method that utilizes immersion in warm water to provide comfort for mothers and reduce stress during labor while maintaining physiological birth processes. Specific Background: Despite its potential benefits, the successful implementation of water birth in clinical settings largely depends on the knowledge and preparedness of healthcare professionals, particularly nurses working in obstetric units. Knowledge Gap: In Mosul city, limited empirical evidence exists regarding the knowledge level of obstetric and gynecological nurses concerning water birth practices and their clinical considerations. Aims: This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of obstetric and gynecological nurses regarding water birth and examine the relationship between knowledge and selected socio-demographic characteristics. Results: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 140 nurses working in obstetrics and gynecology departments in Mosul teaching hospitals using a structured questionnaire. The findings indicated that most nurses demonstrated an acceptable overall level of knowledge regarding water birth, while knowledge related to risks and indications requiring mothers to leave the water pool was frequently rated as not acceptable. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between nurses’ knowledge and their educational level as well as access to scientific sources. Novelty: This study provides one of the first empirical assessments of nurses’ knowledge regarding water birth practices in Mosul city. Implications: The findings highlight the need for improved educational programs, professional training, and greater access to scientific resources to strengthen nurses’ competencies in supporting safe water birth practices. Keywords: Water Birth, Nurses Knowledge, Obstetric Nursing, Maternal Care, Mosul Hospitals Key Findings Highlights Majority of participants demonstrated acceptable understanding of hydrotherapy childbirth concepts. Knowledge gaps identified in clinical risk recognition and maternal pool exit indications. Educational attainment and scientific reading associated with higher professional competency levels.
The Impact of Enterobiasis on Some Blood Elements among Children in Tikrit City M. Jasim, Al-Shaima
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.408

Abstract

General Background: Enterobiasis caused by Enterobius vermicularis is a widespread intestinal parasitic infection that commonly affects children and has been associated with nutritional disorders and hematological abnormalities. Specific Background: The infection may interfere with digestion, absorption, and micronutrient balance, potentially contributing to anemia and deficiencies of essential elements such as ferritin, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin B12. Knowledge Gap: Despite the high prevalence of enterobiasis in developing regions, limited empirical data exist on the variations in hematological and biochemical parameters among infected children in Tikrit City. Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between Enterobius vermicularis infection and selected blood elements among children aged 2–10 years in Tikrit City between April 2023 and April 2024. Results: Among 100 examined children, 75% were infected with E. vermicularis. The infection rate was slightly higher in males (78.72%) than females (71.69%), and higher in children aged 6–10 years (80.39%) than those aged 2–5 years (69.38%). Infected children showed significantly lower hemoglobin levels (10.610 ± 1.21 g/dl) compared with non-infected children (11.724 ± 0.767 g/dl). Significant reductions were also observed in serum ferritin (28.5 ± 4.51 ng/ml vs 37.5 ± 5.73 ng/ml), magnesium (1.433 ± 0.180 mg/dl vs 1.992 ± 0.138 mg/dl), zinc (48.77 ± 9.85 mg/dl vs 62.59 ± 8.43 mg/dl), and vitamin B12 (485.0 ± 56.0 pg/ml vs 623.6 ± 33.3 pg/ml). Novelty: The study provides detailed evidence of multiple hematological and micronutrient variations associated with E. vermicularis infection among children in Tikrit City. Implications: These findings highlight the need for early diagnosis, routine monitoring of blood parameters, and strengthened health awareness programs to reduce infection spread and related nutritional complications. Highlights:• High Prevalence of Pinworm Infection Observed Among Examined Children in Tikrit City• Infected Participants Showed Lower Hemoglobin and Multiple Micronutrient Concentrations• Monitoring Hematological and Biochemical Indicators Supports Early Clinical Management Keywords: Enterobius Vermicularis, Enterobiasis, Hemoglobin, Micronutrient Deficiency, Children Health
Nurses' and Midwives' Knowledge Toward Postpartum Hemorrhage Prevention in Kerbala City, Iraq Seger, Ph.D, Hadeel Rasheed
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.409

Abstract

General Background: Postpartum hemorrhage remains a major obstetric emergency and a leading contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring competent health professionals capable of recognizing and preventing the condition during maternity care. Specific Background: Nurses and midwives play a central role in maternity services, particularly in identifying risk factors, applying preventive measures, and implementing clinical protocols related to postpartum hemorrhage prevention in hospital settings. Knowledge Gap: Despite established clinical guidelines and international recommendations, evidence indicates that knowledge among healthcare providers may vary, and limited data exist regarding the level of understanding among nurses and midwives working in maternity facilities in Kerbala City, Iraq. Aims: This study aims to assess the knowledge of female nurses and midwives regarding postpartum hemorrhage prevention and to determine the association between knowledge levels and selected sociodemographic variables. Results: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 60 participants revealed that 53.3% demonstrated poor knowledge scores, while 46.7% achieved good scores. Statistical analysis indicated no significant association between knowledge levels and age, educational level, years of working in the delivery room, participation in postpartum hemorrhage courses or workshops, or current workplace within the hospital. Novelty: The study provides recent empirical evidence describing the knowledge profile of maternity healthcare staff in a teaching hospital in Kerbala City, highlighting areas of insufficient understanding in postpartum hemorrhage prevention. Implications: The findings emphasize the necessity of structured training programs, continuous professional education, and regular knowledge assessment to strengthen clinical preparedness of nurses and midwives in maternity care and support safer maternal health services. Highlights:• Majority of Participants Demonstrated Insufficient Understanding of Preventive Measures Related to Obstetric Bleeding Emergencies.• Statistical Testing Showed No Relationship Between Knowledge Scores and Demographic or Professional Characteristics.• Findings Indicate the Need for Structured Professional Education and Continuous Assessment in Maternity Services. Keywords: Postpartum Hemorrhage Prevention, Nurses And Midwives Knowledge, Maternal Health Care, Obstetric Emergency Management, Iraq
Nutrition and Anxiety: Exploring Food's Role in Student Mental Health During Exams Yaaqoob, Msc. Ban Yousif
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.412

Abstract

General Background: Stress during university life is widely recognized as a major factor affecting students’ psychological well-being and dietary behavior. Specific Background: College students frequently experience heightened stress during examination periods, which may lead to changes in eating habits, appetite, and physical symptoms that can interfere with learning and daily functioning. Knowledge Gap: Despite growing research on student stress, limited evidence exists regarding nutrition awareness and food preferences during exam periods among students in health and medical technique programs in Baghdad. Aims: This study aimed to assess knowledge of healthy nutrition and examine food preferences and stress-related symptoms among college students during examinations. Results: A cross-sectional survey conducted from March 1 to April 30, 2025 revealed that 97% of students experienced anxiety accompanied by memory loss, 95% reported appetite changes, and 100% experienced headaches and stomach pain during exams. In terms of food preference under stress, 90% of students selected fast food, 74% preferred dark chocolate, and 60% consumed sweets. Meal skipping among male students showed strong association with stress and poor mood, while female students reported higher perceived stress and were more likely to engage in dietary changes such as binge eating. Novelty: The study provides empirical data linking exam-related anxiety symptoms with specific food choices and meal patterns among health college students in Baghdad. Implications: These findings highlight the need for nutritional awareness and stress management strategies within academic institutions to support student well-being during examination periods. Highlights:• High Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms and Physical Complaints Reported During Examination Periods.• Stress Conditions Associated With Appetite Changes, Fast Food Preference, and Chocolate Consumption.• Gender Patterns Indicate Stronger Perceived Stress and Dietary Changes Among Female Students. Keywords: Exam Anxiety, Student Nutrition, Eating Habits, College Students, Academic Stress.
Comparative Outcomes of Laparoscopic Versus Open Appendectomy in Children Aged 9–13 Years: A Retrospective Study: Hasil Perbandingan antara Laparoskopi dan Bedah Terbuka pada Pengangkatan Appendiks pada Anak Usia 9–13 Tahun: Studi Retrospektif Alrubaye, Sarmad Jaafar Mohammed
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.415

Abstract

General Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of emergency abdominal surgery in children and appendectomy remains the standard treatment. Specific Background: While open appendectomy has long been the traditional surgical approach, laparoscopic appendectomy has gained attention in pediatric surgery because of its minimally invasive characteristics and potential benefits for postoperative recovery. Knowledge Gap: Despite numerous comparisons in adult populations, focused evidence evaluating surgical outcomes among school-aged children in specific clinical settings remains limited. Aims: This study compares the clinical and functional outcomes of laparoscopic and open appendectomy in children aged 9–13 years, particularly regarding operative time, postoperative recovery, hospital stay, complications, and return to daily activities. Results: A retrospective analysis of 100 pediatric patients treated between August 2023 and August 2025 showed that laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with reduced postoperative analgesic requirements, earlier oral intake, shorter hospital stay, and faster return to normal activities. Although operative time was slightly longer in the laparoscopic group, overall complication rates were lower and major complications were not significantly different between the groups. Novelty: This study provides focused clinical evidence on surgical outcomes specifically in children aged 9–13 years within a comparative framework. Implications: The findings support the consideration of laparoscopic appendectomy as a preferred surgical option in pediatric appendicitis when appropriate expertise and resources are available. Keywords: Pediatric Appendicitis, Laparoscopic Appendectomy, Open Appendectomy, Postoperative Recovery, Pediatric Surgery Key Findings Highlights Laparoscopic surgery demonstrated reduced postoperative pain and shorter hospitalization. Children undergoing minimally invasive procedures resumed normal activities sooner. Surgical complications were lower overall despite slightly longer operative duration.
In Silico Comparative Evaluation of Biotechnology-Based Engineered Bacterial Therapeutic Platforms for Targeted Sensing, Controlled Payload Delivery, and Biocontainment : Evaluasi Komparatif In Silico terhadap Platform Terapi Bakteri Rekayasa Berbasis Bioteknologi untuk Deteksi Bertarget, Pengiriman Muatan Terkendali, dan Pengendalian Biologis Jameel, Raghda Saad
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.417

Abstract

General Background Engineered bacterial therapeutics have emerged as programmable living systems capable of site-specific sensing and controlled therapeutic delivery. Specific Background Despite rapid advances in synthetic biology, there remains difficulty in selecting optimal platform architectures due to the lack of structured comparative evaluation tools. Knowledge Gap Existing literature lacks a decision-oriented framework that systematically compares engineered bacterial therapeutic platforms across integrated engineering and translational criteria. Aims This study aims to develop an in silico comparative evaluation model to assess representative therapeutic platforms based on specificity, payload control, biosafety, manufacturability, and translational readiness. Results The analysis identifies dual-input logic-gated biocontainment-enabled systems as the highest-ranked platform, followed by biomarker-responsive circuits, while constitutive and tumor-colonizing systems show lower balanced performance. Novelty The study introduces a weighted multi-criteria scoring framework that transforms descriptive knowledge into a structured decision-making tool for platform selection. Implications The proposed model provides a systematic basis for guiding design prioritization, optimization strategies, and future experimental validation in engineered bacterial therapeutics. Keywords: Engineered Bacterial Therapeutics, Synthetic Biology, In Silico Evaluation, Gene Circuits, Biocontainment Key Findings Highlights Dual-input architectures achieve highest balance across evaluation criteria Biomarker-responsive systems provide strong contextual activation with moderate complexity Simpler and tumor-targeting designs show limitations in safety and control balance
Frequency of Rh Incompatibility Among Primigravida Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers for Antenatal Care in Basra City: Frekuensi Ketidakcocokan Rh pada Wanita Hamil Pertama Kali yang Mengikuti Pemeriksaan Kehamilan di Pusat Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer di Kota Basra Meshari, Amna M.; Hasan, Marwa A.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.419

Abstract

General Background Fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility remains a significant clinical concern due to its association with hemolytic disease of the newborn and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Specific Background Understanding the distribution of Rh-negative mothers and incompatible pregnancies in healthcare settings is essential for early detection and management. Knowledge Gap Limited localized epidemiological data restricts the ability to design targeted prevention strategies in tertiary care environments. Aims This study aims to determine the prevalence of fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility and describe associated blood group distributions among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital. Results The findings indicate a measurable prevalence of Rh incompatibility, with identifiable patterns in ABO and Rh blood group distribution, highlighting potential risk for alloimmunization and neonatal complications. Novelty The study provides updated, context-specific prevalence data that contributes to localized clinical understanding of Rh incompatibility. Implications The results support the importance of routine antenatal screening, timely diagnosis, and appropriate prophylactic interventions to reduce maternal and neonatal risks Keywords: Fetomaternal Incompatibility, Rhesus Factor, Alloimmunization, Pregnancy Screening, Neonatal Risk Key Findings Highlights Detectable proportion of Rh-negative pregnancies indicates ongoing clinical risk Blood group distribution patterns reveal potential exposure to antigen mismatch Screening practices remain essential for early identification and management
Nanoparticle Applications in Carbon Capture: Emerging Opportunities in Climate Change Mitigation Taha, Nidaa Yaseen; Abdulilah, Hanan Abdul Qader
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.422

Abstract

General Background: The tourism sector increasingly relies on strategic alliances to address competitive challenges and share resources in dynamic markets. Specific Background: In this context, human resource management practices, particularly recruitment and training strategies, are central to building the competencies required for managing partnerships among tourism companies in Baghdad. Knowledge Gap: Despite the growing importance of alliances, many organizations emphasize legal and financial aspects while overlooking the role of qualified human capital in managing cooperative relationships. Aims: This study aims to analyze the relationship between recruitment and training strategies and the efficiency of strategic tourism alliances. Results: Using a descriptive-analytical approach and survey data from 93 respondents, the findings reveal a significant positive relationship between recruitment and training strategies and alliance efficiency, with a correlation coefficient of 0.800 and an explanatory power of 63%. Technical and behavioral training emerged as the most prominent dimension, while all dimensions showed statistically significant contributions. Novelty: The study integrates human resource management functions with strategic alliance performance in the tourism sector within the Baghdad context. Implications: The findings suggest that adopting competency-based recruitment and specialized training programs supports cooperation, reduces organizational conflicts, and contributes to achieving shared objectives in tourism alliances. Highlights:• Recruitment Practices Based on Competencies Support Alignment of Shared Goals• Training Programs Strengthen Cooperation and Reduce Organizational Conflicts• Technical and Behavioral Skills Show the Strongest Contribution to Alliance Performance Keywords: Recruitment Strategies, Training Programs, Strategic Alliances, Tourism Companies, Human Resource Management.
The Efficacy of Valsalva Maneuver Technique on Pain Reduction During IV Cannulation Among Children Saeed, Esraa Shaker Saeed
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.424

Abstract

General Background: Peripheral intravenous cannulation is a common pediatric procedure associated with pain and anxiety. Specific Background: Non-pharmacological approaches such as the Valsalva maneuver have been studied in adults, but evidence in pediatric populations remains limited. Knowledge Gap: There is insufficient clinical evidence regarding the application of the Valsalva maneuver for pain management during intravenous cannulation in children aged 12–18 years. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the role of the Valsalva maneuver in reducing pain during peripheral intravenous cannulation and compare it with standard care. Results: Using a quasi-experimental design with 100 pediatric patients, pain scores significantly decreased from 2.93 before the maneuver to 1.06 after the procedure (p < 0.001). Greater pain reduction was observed among children without prior cannulation experience, while no significant differences were found based on age or gender. Novelty: This study provides focused clinical evidence supporting the use of the Valsalva maneuver specifically in adolescent pediatric patients during intravenous procedures. Implications: The findings support integrating the Valsalva maneuver into routine pediatric clinical practice as a simple, safe, and cost-effective strategy for procedural pain management. Highlights:• Significant Decrease in Procedural Discomfort Observed After Applying the Breathing Technique• Greater Response Noted Among Participants Without Prior Cannulation Exposure• No Variation Detected Across Demographic Characteristics Such as Age and Sex Keywords: Valsalva Maneuver, Pain Reduction, Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation, Pediatric Patients, Non Pharmacological Intervention.

Page 29 of 32 | Total Record : 311

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