Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive
The Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive (IJNER) is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to publish and disseminate innovative research articles on the latest developments in all fields of public health and human reproduction. This journal publishes original papers in English which contribute to understanding of nutrition, institutional nutrition, food service management, food technology, current issue on food nutrition, all branches of epidemiology such as lifestyle, social, nutritional, environmental, and many others. IJNER also covers papers on aspect of human reproduction includes adolescent health, female fertility, midwifery and many other issues related to health reproductive globally.
Articles
131 Documents
<![CDATA[The Effectiveness of Education Using Snake and Ladder Media on Improving Knowledge and Attitudes Towards the Triad of Adolescent Reproductive Health at SMAN 6 Kota Madiun ]]>
<![CDATA[Kharisma Restu Mawarni]]>;
<![CDATA[Amarin Yudhana]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v8i3.351
<![CDATA[Adolescents are the future assets of a nation, the safety of the nation in the future lies in the hands of today's youth. However, along with the advancement of technology and information, lifestyle changes, and family structure in today's society, the emergence of adolescent issues is increasing. Such rapid changes make the position of adolescents very vulnerable to the negative impact of these changes. The condition of adolescents with various existing issues is called the adolescent reproductive health triad (Early Marriage, Pre-Marital Sex, Drugs and Terrorism). Therefore, it is important to conduct a deeper study on the effectiveness of snake ladder promotional media education on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents in the adolescent reproductive health triad. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of snakes and ladders promotional media on increasing knowledge and attitudes about the reproductive health triad at SMAN 6 Madiun City. this study also to analyze, identify and analyze the effectiveness of knowledge and attitude of adolescents about reproductive health triad through snakes and ladders media at SMAN 6 Madiun City, especially before and after the intervention of promotional media. The research method used was quantitative experimental design with one group pre test and pos test design, involving 179 selected respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Wilcoxon test. The study showed that there was a significant positive relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the effectiveness of snake ladder promotional media from the results of bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed an influence on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents before and after intervention with a p-value of 0.000 < α (0.05). The implication of this study is the need for routine learning using promotional media. In addition, the management of supporting facilities needs to be more varied to increase adolescents' interest in learning.]]>
<![CDATA[FAMILY FACTORS RELATED TO 4T PREGNANCY AT UPTD PUSKESMAS UBUNG IN 2024 ]]>
<![CDATA[Wardani, Putu Ayu Agustina Eka]]>;
<![CDATA[Apriani, Lia Arian]]>;
<![CDATA[Sustiyani, Elly]]>;
<![CDATA[Agustiarini, Anastasya]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i1.357
<![CDATA[4T pregnancy defined as pregnancy occurring at too young an age (under 20 years), too old (over 35 years), too many children, or with birth intervals that are too close—remains a significant contributor to maternal and neonatal complications. This study aimed to analyze family-related factors associated with 4T pregnancy at UPTD Puskesmas Ubung, Central Lombok, Indonesia, in 2024. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed using primary data collected through structured questionnaires and guided interviews. The study population consisted of all pregnant women attending antenatal care services at UPTD Puskesmas Ubung in 2024 (N = 108). A total of 85 respondents were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and chi-square tests with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results indicated that multiparous mothers (p = 0.047), working mothers (p = 0.023), and mothers within the ideal reproductive age (20–35 years) (p = 0.0001) had a significantly lower risk of 4T pregnancy. In addition, good family knowledge (p = 0.034) and strong family support (p = 0.015) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of 4T pregnancy. This study concludes that family factors play a crucial role in mitigating the risk of 4T pregnancy. Future interventions should prioritize family-based reproductive health education and further longitudinal studies are recommended to explore causal relationships between family factors and high-risk pregnancy outcomes.]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF STUNTING COUNSELING ON MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ]]>
<![CDATA[Riza Tsalatsatul Mufida]]>;
<![CDATA[Nining Istigosah]]>;
<![CDATA[Febrita Dwi Ratnasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i1.359
<![CDATA[Stunting is a global nutritional problem that affects children’s health and development, characterized by a height-for-age index below the standard growth reference. This study aimed to determine the effect of counseling on mothers’ knowledge and attitudes in handling stunted toddlers in Sumberejo Village, Kediri Regency. A quantitative pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach was employed. The study population consisted of all mothers of stunted toddlers in the village, totaling 36 respondents, who were included as research samples. Counseling on stunting served as the independent variable, while mothers’ knowledge and attitudes were the dependent variables. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the McNemar test. The results showed a significant improvement in mothers’ knowledge after counseling (p = 0.013), indicated by a decrease in low knowledge levels from 50% to 22%. However, no significant change was found in mothers’ attitudes (p = 0.754). In conclusion, counseling effectively improves maternal knowledge but has not significantly influenced attitudes toward stunting management, highlighting the need for continuous and comprehensive education programs.]]>
<![CDATA[HYPNOBIRTHING AS A NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION TO REDUCE LABOR PAIN AND ANXIETY: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ]]>
<![CDATA[Alfadefi Khalifatunnisak]]>;
<![CDATA[Anna Septina Andarini]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i1.360
<![CDATA[Labor pain and anxiety are major challenges faced by women during childbirth. High levels of stress can disrupt labor progress and lead to increased medical interventions. Hypnobirthing, a technique that utilizes breathing, visualization, and self-hypnosis, has emerged as a holistic and non-pharmacological approach to support laboring women. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of hypnobirthing in reducing labor pain intensity and maternal anxiety during the first stage of labor. This quasi-experimental study included 60 primigravida women at a maternity hospital. Participants were divided into an intervention group (hypnobirthing) and a control group (routine care). The intervention group received guided hypnobirthing sessions during the active phase of labor. Pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and anxiety was assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Women in the hypnobirthing group experienced a significant reduction in both anxiety and pain scores compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Hypnobirthing techniques contributed to a more positive and controlled labor experience. Hypnobirthing is an effective non-pharmacological method to reduce labor pain and anxiety. It may be recommended as part of comprehensive antenatal education and labor management.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND MATERNAL KNOWLEDGE ABOUT BCG IMMUNIZATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Wigunantiningsih, Ana]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i1.361
<![CDATA[Immunization is a form of government commitment to reducing child mortality. The coverage of UCI in Central Java province in 2019 was 99.98%. Meanwhile, BCG immunization coverage in Karanganyar Regency is lower at 97.2% with pulmonary TB cases in 2019 reaching 245 cases. Mother's knowledge influences mother's behavior in administering BCG immunization. The study used an observational analytical method with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted at the Karanganyar Regency Regional Health Center in April-May 2021. The instrument used is a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Sampling by purposive sampling technique with 35 respondents. Data analysis using logistic regression. The results of the study were obtained that there was a relationship between maternal age and parity with the level of maternal knowledge about BCG immunization with a p value of 0.02 and 0.036, respectively. Socio-demographic factors, namely maternal age, parity, education, employment and family income together have the ability to affect the level of maternal knowledge about BCG immunization by 57.8%, meaning that 42.2% are influenced by other factors outside the study variables.]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECTIVENESS OF PROVIDING DIRECT VISUALIZATION ABOUT THE DANGERS OF CIGARETTES TO THE LUNGS ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 KANDAT ]]>
<![CDATA[Octavi Hemi, Chrisita]]>;
<![CDATA[Ukik Agustina]]>;
<![CDATA[Predito Prihantoro]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): January ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i1.362
<![CDATA[Cigarettes are a major cause of health problems, particularly serious lung disease. Smoking habits among adolescents are increasing and can pose long-term health risks. Effective education about the dangers of smoking is crucial from an early age. The use of direct visualization media is believed to improve students' understanding and awareness better than conventional methods. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of direct visualization about the dangers of smoking on the lungs in improving the knowledge and attitudes of students at SMAN 1 Kandat. This research was pre-experimental study with one-group pretest-posttest design. The research samples were 95 eleventh-grade students. The Samples were chosen with accidental technique sampling that selected based on discussions conducted by all examiners and guidance counselors at SMAN 1 Kandat. The main instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure knowledge and attitudes before and after visualization intervention with simulation. The study showed a significant increase in knowledge, from the “poor” category (86.3%) before the intervention to “good” (88.4%) after the intervention. Attitudes also shifted from predominantly negative (76.8%) to more positive (89.5%) after the intervention. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test showed a significant difference in knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention (p < 0.05), so there was a difference in knowledge and attitudes before and after direct visualization. This study found that the use of direct visualization as "shock therapy" was more effective in increasing students' knowledge and modifying their attitudes than conventional educational methods. This innovative strategy is recommended as a component of school health programs to foster awareness and preventative behavior among adolescents.]]>
<![CDATA[LITERATURE STUDY ON TUBERCULOSIS ELIMINATION 2030: CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS IN INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Agustin Widyowati]]>;
<![CDATA[Predito Prihantoro]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): May ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i2.371
<![CDATA[Indonesia occupies the second highest case burden in the world, so it faces a major challenge in reducing the death rate due to Tuberculosis (TB). This research aims to synthesize strategic barriers and map the most feasible innovations to accelerate the TB elimination target by 2030. This study used Systematic Review. This study used a Systematic Review. The search strategy was developed using Boolean operators with structured keywords, resulting in 185 articles spanning the period 2017-2026. These articles were re-identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria until 15 primary articles were obtained. Analyzed using the Thematic Analysis technique The analysis showed four main obstacles: catastrophic non-medical costs that trigger drug discontinuation, social stigma that hinders early detection, fragmentation of surveillance data, and uneven access to diagnostics. However, digital innovations such as AI and telemedicine offer new efficiencies in outbreak prediction and compliance monitoring. TB elimination requires a paradigm shift towards a holistic approach that integrates patient economic protection, national data synchronization, and adoption of Society 5.0 technology to permanently break the chain of transmission.]]>
<![CDATA[THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THREE-MONTH INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVE USE (DMPA) AND THE OCCURRENCE OF AMENORRHEA AMONG FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS ]]>
<![CDATA[Lely Khulafaur]]>;
<![CDATA[Yustika Kristina]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): May ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i2.379
<![CDATA[Family planning injectable contraception is widely used but may cause menstrual disturbances such as amenorrhea. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between three-month injectable contraception (DMPA) as independent variable and the occurence of amenorrhea among family planning acceptors as dependent variable. This analytic study used a retrospective approach with purposive sampling of 30 acceptors at TPMB Jiamah, Tulungagung. Data were collected using family planning cards and checklists, then analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed that 89.5% of DMPA users experienced amenorrhea, compared to 9.1% among combination injection users. Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship (p < 0.001) with an odds ratio of 85. This finding suggests that DMPA greatly increases the likelihood of amenorrhea due to hormonal suppression of ovulation and endometrial thinning. Amenorrhea is a common physiological effect; however, proper counseling is needed to improve acceptor understanding and continuation of contraceptive use.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF MOTHERS' KNOWLEDGE AND FOOD STORAGE BEHAVIOR WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN TODDLERS IN KUNJANG VILLAGE, KEDIRI REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Bayu Prasetio]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyo Budi Susanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Ema Mayasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Saheri]]>;
<![CDATA[Reny Mareta Sari]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): May ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i2.380
<![CDATA[Diarrhea remains a global health problem, where according to WHO (2024) this disease is the third cause of death in children under five years old with a death rate of around 443,832 children annually. In Indonesia, the Ministry of Health (2023) reported 212,576 cases of diarrhea in May 2023. In the Kunjang Community Health Center area, in 2024 there were 313 cases of toddler diarrhea recorded, with Kunjang Village as the highest village, with 91 cases with an increase of 5.94%. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge and food storage behavior with the incidence of toddler diarrhea in Kunjang Village, Kediri Regency. The study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 45 respondents selected using a simple quota sampling technique. The independent variables were maternal knowledge and food storage behavior, while the dependent variable was the incidence of diarrhea. Data analysis using the Chi-Square Test showed that of the 45 respondents, toddlers who experienced diarrhea were 25 respondents (55.6%) and those who did not experience diarrhea were 20 respondents (44.4%). The test results showed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.006) and food storage behavior with the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.004). Thus, it can be concluded that maternal knowledge and food storage behavior are significantly related to the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in Kunjang Village, Kediri Regency.]]>
<![CDATA[DETERMINANTS OF CALCIUM INTAKE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS OF EAST KUTAI REGENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Lia Agustin]]>;
<![CDATA[Rismayanti M]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Rahmawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Epidemiology and Reproductive Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): May ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas STRADA Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.30994/ijner.v9i2.381
<![CDATA[Inadequate calcium intake during pregnancy remains a major nutritional problem in rural areas and may increase the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of calcium intake among pregnant women in Sangkulirang, East Kutai Regency, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 52 pregnant women selected using purposive sampling. Calcium intake was assessed using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and categorized based on Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression tests. Most respondents (61.5%) had inadequate calcium intake. Maternal knowledge (p=0.001), antenatal care utilization (p=0.003), occupation (p=0.041), education (p=0.045), and maternal age (p=0.041) were significantly associated with calcium intake. Maternal knowledge was identified as the dominant determinant (OR=5.21; 95% CI=1.89–14.32). Maternal knowledge and antenatal care utilization are important determinants of calcium intake among pregnant women in rural areas.]]>
