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Journal of Development Economic and Digitalization
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
ISSN : 29636221     EISSN : 29628520     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59664/jded
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science
The Journal of Development Economic and Digitalization (JDED) is a peer-reviewed research journal published twice a year, in February and August, by the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veterans Jakarta. JDED accepts scientific articles on research results and theoretical and conceptual papers in Indonesian and English using qualitative and quantitative methods. JDED focuses on Development Economics and economic digitalization, including Development Economics, economic and Digitalization, Monetary and Fiscal Policy, economic and Public Policy, Environment, Natural resources, Industrial Organization, Regional and urban economics, and Big Data Economy. E-ISSN 2962-8520
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (semua kategori) - Ilmu Ekonomi, Ekonometrika dan Keuangan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 64 Documents
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LLM-Driven Identification of Digital Financial Inclusion Gaps in Developing Economies Qi Xin
Journal of Development Economics and Digitalization Vol 5 No 2 (2026): JDED, August 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59664/jded.v5i2.14131

Abstract

This study identifies the developing economies that face the largest digital-finance activation bottlenecks after basic account access has already been achieved. Using the 2024 country layer of Global Findex 2025 and merging it with World Development Indicators on internet use and mobile subscriptions, the paper constructs an activation-gap measure that captures the distance between account ownership and high-frequency digital payment use. The analytical sample contains 86 developing economies after restricting the data to national all-adult observations and to countries with complete target variables. The average country in the sample had account ownership of 58.68% but a high-frequency payment index of only 21.64%, leaving a mean activation gap of 37.04 percentage points. The empirical strategy estimated repeated five-fold cross-validated Ridge, Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM models for both regression and high-gap classification. XGBoost produced the strongest regression fit, with an RMSE of 5.32 percentage points and an R² of 0.794, and it also delivered the best classifier, with an AUC of 0.863. The largest observed gaps were recorded in Ghana (64.91 percentage points), Uganda (64.61), and Zambia (60.88). SHAP-based interpretation shows that account ownership, internet use, mobile money account penetration, card-linked government payment channels, and digital skills were the most influential predictors. The results establish that the central policy challenge in many developing economies is no longer account opening alone; it is the conversion of nominal access into repeated digital payment behavior. The final diagnostic layer converts measured model outputs into country-specific policy notes, creating a reproducible bridge from predictive analytics to practical public policy design. Keywords : digital financial inclusion; Global Findex; digital payments
Analisis Pola Kondisi Akses Air Minum Di Provinsi Jawa Barat Cyrilla Daveisha Quisha Belva; Khusnul Khatimah
Journal of Development Economics and Digitalization Vol 5 No 2 (2026): JDED, August 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59664/jded.v5i2.15446

Abstract

Abstrak   Akses air minum layak merupakan hak dasar manusia yang diamanatkan SDGs ke-6 dan Perpres No. 59 Tahun 2017. Meski capaian nasional mencapai 92,64% pada 2024, Jawa Barat masih mencatat disparitas antarwilayah yang tajam dengan akses perpipaan hanya 4,89%. Kajian yang mengidentifikasi kombinasi kondisi kausal spesifik yang membentuk pola akses air minum layak di tingkat kabupaten/kota Jawa Barat masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola kondisi ekonomi (PDRB per kapita ADHK), demografis (kepadatan penduduk), dan lingkungan (Indeks Kualitas Air/IKA) yang berasosiasi dengan capaian akses air minum layak di 27 kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2024. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) dengan data sekunder cross-sectional tahun 2024. Hasil analisis menunjukkan dua jalur konfigurasi: Jalur 1 mencakup 7 wilayah dengan kepadatan penduduk rendah dan IKA rendah; Jalur 2 mencakup 6 wilayah dengan PDRB per kapita tinggi dan IKA tinggi. IKA muncul sebagai kondisi berulang di kedua jalur, menunjukkan peran penting kualitas air. Kata kunci: Akses Air Minum; PDRB per Kapita; Kepadatan Penduduk; Indeks Kualitas Air; fsQCA   Abstract Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right enshrined in SDG 6 and Presidential Regulation No. 59 of 2017. Although national coverage reached 92.64% in 2024, West Java records a sharp disparity between regions with pipeline access of 4.89%. Research identifying specific causal combinations that shape drinking water access patterns at the regency/city level in West Java remains very limited. This study aims to analyze the patterns of economic conditions (GRDP per capita at constant prices), demographic (population density), and environmental (Water Quality Index/WQI) conditions associated with safe drinking water access across 27 districts/cities in West Java Province in 2024. The research uses Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) approach with cross-sectional secondary data in 2024. The analysis reveals two configuration pathways: Pathway 1 covers 7 areas with low population density and low WQI; Pathway 2 covers 6 areas with high GRDP per capita and high WQI. WQI emerged as a recurring condition in both pathways, underscoring the crucial role of water quality. Keywords: Drinking Water Access; GRDP per Capita; Population Density; Water Quality Index; fsQCA  
Pengaruh FDI, PDB, dan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Ekspor Furnitur Kayu Indonesia Baskoro Bachri Cahyo; Viyolanda Azrimultiya
Journal of Development Economics and Digitalization Vol 5 No 2 (2026): JDED, August 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59664/jded.v5i2.15515

Abstract

Furnitur  kayu  merupakan  salah  satu  komoditas  strategis  Indonesia  yang  memberikan  kontribusi  signifikan  terhadap  perekonomian  nasional.  Namun  demikian,  kinerja  ekspor  furnitur  menghadapi  berbagai  tantangan  makroekonomi,  termasuk  volatilitas  nilai  tukar,  fluktuasi  Produk  Domestik  Bruto  (PDB)  negara  tujuan,  dan  peran  Penanaman  Modal  Asing  (PMA).  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  menganalisis  pengaruh  PDB  negara  tujuan,  nilai  tukar,  dan  PMA  terhadap  volume  ekspor  furnitur  kayu  Indonesia  periode  2013-2023.  Menggunakan  analisis  data  panel  dengan  Fixed  Effect  Model  (FEM)  dan  robust  standard  error,  penelitian  ini  juga  mengkaji  bagaimana  nilai  tukar  memoderasi  hubungan  antara  pertumbuhan  ekonomi  negara  tujuan  dengan  volume  ekspor.  Data  mencakup  empat  negara  mitra  dagang  utama:  Australia,  China,  Malaysia,  dan  Singapura.  Hasil  menunjukkan  bahwa  PDB  negara  tujuan  dan  investasi  berpengaruh  positif  dan  signifikan  terhadap  volume  ekspor,  sedangkan  nilai  tukar  berpengaruh  negatif  dan  signifikan  akibat  tingginya  ketergantungan  pada  bahan  baku  impor.  Selain  itu,  interaksi  antara  nilai  tukar  dan  PDB  secara  signifikan  memoderasi  pengaruh  pertumbuhan  ekonomi  terhadap  ekspor,  yang  menunjukkan  bahwa  stabilitas  mata  uang  merupakan  determinan  strategis  dalam  mengoptimalkan  potensi  pasar  tujuan. Kata kunci: Furnitur Kayu; Volume Ekspor; Data  Panel Abstract   Wooden  furniture  is  one  of  Indonesia's  strategic  commodities  that  contributes  significantly  to  the  national  economy.  However,  the  performance  of  furniture  exports  faces  various  macroeconomic  challenges,  including  exchange  rate  volatility,  fluctuations  in  the  destination  countries'  Gross  Domestic  Product  (GDP),  and  the  role  of  foreign  direct  investment  (FDI).  This  study  aims  to  analyze  the  influence  of  GDP  of  destination  countries,  exchange  rates,  and  FDI  on  the  export  volume  of  Indonesian  wooden  furniture  from  2013  to  2023.  Using  panel  data  analysis  with  the  Fixed  Effect  Model  (FEM)  and  robust  standard  error,  this  study  also  examines  how  the  exchange  rate  moderates  the  relationship  between  the  destination  country's  economic  growth  and  export  volume.  The  data  encompasses  four  major  trading  partners:  Australia,  China,  Malaysia,  and  Singapore.  The  results  show  that  the  GDP  of  destination  countries  and  investment  have  a  positive  and  significant  effect  on  export  volume,  while  the  exchange  rate  has  a  negative  and  significant  effect  due  to  the  high  dependency  on  imported  raw  materials.  Furthermore,  the  interaction  between  the  exchange  rate  and  GDP  significantly  moderates  the  influence  of  economic  growth  on  exports,  indicating  that  currency  stability  is  a  strategic  determinant  in  maximizing  the  potential  of  destination  markets. Keywords : Wooden  Furniture;  Export  Volume; Panel Data
Determinasi Realisasi Penerimaan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Provinsi Bali Tahun 2019-2024 Muhammad Zaidanne; Freesca Syafitri
Journal of Development Economics and Digitalization Vol 5 No 2 (2026): JDED, August 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59664/jded.v5i2.15516

Abstract

Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) merupakan salah satu komponen utama penopang Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) di Provinsi Bali, namun realisasinya selama periode 2019–2024 menunjukkan dinamika fluktuasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk, Jumlah Kendaraan Bermotor, dan Pengeluaran Per Kapita terhadap Realisasi Penerimaan PKB di 9 Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Bali. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) pada 54 observasi (pooled data 9 kabupaten/kota, 2019–2024). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial dan simultan, Jumlah Penduduk, Jumlah Kendaraan Bermotor, dan Pengeluaran Per Kapita berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap realisasi penerimaan PKB. Pertumbuhan penduduk terbukti memperluas basis subjek pajak; penambahan unit kendaraan memperluas basis objek pajak materiil; serta stabilitas pengeluaran per kapita mencerminkan kapasitas finansial riil (ability to pay) masyarakat dalam mendorong kepatuhan wajib pajak dan merealisasikan pendapatan daerah. Kata kunci : pajak kendaraan bermotor; jumlah penduduk; kendaraan bermotor; pengeluaran per kapita; regresi data panel. Abstract Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) is one of the main components supporting Local Own-Source Revenue (PAD) in Bali Province; however, its realization during the 2019–2024 period showed fluctuating dynamics. This study aims to analyze the influence of Population, Number of Motor Vehicles, and Per Capita Expenditure on the Realization of Motor Vehicle Tax Revenue across 9 regencies/cities in Bali Province. This quantitative study uses panel data regression with a Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) approach on 54 observations (pooled data from 9 regencies/cities, 2019–2024). The results indicate that partially and simultaneously, Population, Number of Motor Vehicles, and Per Capita Expenditure have a positive and significant effect on Motor Vehicle Tax revenue realization. Demographic population growth is proven to expand the tax subject base; the increase in vehicle units expands the material tax object base; and the stability of per capita expenditure reflects the real financial capacity (ability to pay) of the public in driving taxpayer compliance and realizing regional revenue streams. Keywords : motor vehicle tax; population; motor vehicles; per capita expenditure; panel data regression  

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