Life Science
Life Science published original and significant articles on all aspects of Life Sciences (Biology, Genetics, Biological Anthropology, Botany, Medical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics and Molecular Genetics). Starting from Vol. 14 (1) 2025, all submitted manuscripts must be in English and include Turnitin and AI plagiarism scan results. Authors are also required to attach ethical clearance files from relevant official institutions for research using human and animal samples.
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<![CDATA[Potensi Cadangan Karbon Tersimpan dan Serapan Karbon pada Ekosistem Hutan Kota Tinjomoyo Semarang ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Puji Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Nana Kariada Tri Martuti]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.592
<![CDATA[The increase in GHGs in Semarang City, caused by the increase in motorized vehicles and industrial activity, has resulted in a decrease in environmental quality in urban areas and air pollution. Data from the Semarang City Environmental Service (2019), shows that total CO2e emissions in 2018 were dominated by CO2, namely 33,505,357.22 tons of CO2 (85.24%) of the total CO2e tons of GHG emissions. To reduce CO2 emissions in Semarang City, one way that can be done is by utilizing urban forests which can absorb carbon dioxide. Based on these conditions, estimates of stored carbon reserves and carbon uptake in urban forests need to be calculated to determine the CO2 that plants in urban forests can absorb. This research aims to analyze the amount of stored carbon reserves and carbon uptake in the Tinjomoyo Semarang City Forest ecosystem. This research uses an exploratory method carried out through direct observation and measurement in the field. The sampling technique used is the belt transect method. The stand measurement method is carried out using the Non-Destructive Test (NDT) method or by not damaging the research samples. Stand data analysis was carried out using the allometric equation method. Based on calculation results, the number of individual stands in the Tinjomoyo Semarang City Forest area is 367 individual stands. The total amount of biomass is 125.5 tonnes/ha, the total carbon stock is 57.72 tonnes/ha and the total amount of carbon uptake is 211.8 tonnes/ha. This research shows that the estimated carbon reserves stored in the Tinjomoyo City Forest ecosystem, Semarang are 57.72 tonnes/ha with a carbon uptake value of 211.8 tonnes/ha.]]>
<![CDATA[Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Buah Asam Kalimbawan (Sarcotheca diversifolia (Miq) Hallier F) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli ]]>
<![CDATA[Indah Pratiwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rikhsan Kurniatuhadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmawati]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.1312
<![CDATA[Asam kalimbawan (Sarcotheca diversifolia (Miq) Hallier F) is a native plant found in Kalimantan, especially in West Kalimantan. This species belongs to the Oxalidaceae family, known for producing compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of kalimbawan tamarind fruit extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Fruit extraction was carried out using the maceration method with methanol solvent, and the antibacterial activity was performed using the disc diffusion method. This research utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatment levels and four replications for each bacterium. The test concentrations of the extract against S. aureus and E. coli were 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 g/mL, as well as ciprofloxacin and 10% DMSO. The study results revealed that all concentrations of the extract were able to inhibit the growth of the test bacteria, as indicated by the presence of a clear zone. The effective extract concentrations against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria were 0.4 g/mL and 0.3 g/mL, respectively, with corresponding zone diameters of 16.55 mm and 14.22 mm, respectively. Asam kalimbawan, which has been traditionally used by the people of Sambas Regency, has the potential to be developed as a source of natural metabolite-derived medicines.]]>
<![CDATA[Potensi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat dan Bakteri Penghasil IAA Asal Tanah Gambut terhadap Perkecambahan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) ]]>
<![CDATA[Anggita, Via]]>;
<![CDATA[Khotimah, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Mukarlina]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.1729
<![CDATA[Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and IAA-producing bacteria are bacteria that can help plant growth through their use by increasing the availability of phosphate (P) in the soil and helping plants absorb nutrients in the soil. This study aims to determine the effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and IAA-producing bacteria isolated from peat soil on the germination of corn (Zea mays L.) plants grown on peat soil. This research was conducted from June to September 2023 with a completely randomized design (CRD). Testing the effect of phosphate-solubilizing and IAA-producing bacteria was carried out using the method of soaking seeds and watering bacterial suspensions on plants. The results showed that A5 treatment had a significant effect on the number of leaves parameter, with A5 treatment (Bacillus cereus PF12, P13 and PF16 + Pseudomonas stutzeriIAA1) producing a germination percentage (100%), the number of leaves (5.09 strands) while the parameters of plant height and root length showed that all treatments were not significantly different. ]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Variasi Metode Ekstraksi Metabolit Sekunder Bakteri Endofit Daun Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Bacillus subtilis ]]>
<![CDATA[Hasyim Abdurrasyid]]>;
<![CDATA[Ibnul Mubarok]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi Mustikaningtyas]]>;
<![CDATA[Pramesti Dewi]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.2327
<![CDATA[Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is one of the many tropical plants found in Indonesia. The leaves of the rambutan plant are known to be used as medicine, so they have the potential to be a source of endophytic bacteria that can produce beneficial compound. This study aims to isolate, identify of endophytic bacteria from rambutan leaves, and test their activity as an antibacterial with two different secondary metabolite extraction methods, namely maceration with 70% methanol and without maceration. This study used experimental research with a Completely Ramdomized Design (CRD). Isolation of endophytic bacteria from rambutan leaves produced two isolates (D1 and D2). The results of identification through macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical test showed that two pure isolates had similarities to genus Bacillus sp. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using well diffusion method. Based on the results of antibacterial test showed that extraction method with 70% methanol produced an extract that was more effective as an antibacterial with average diameter of clear zone formed for Escherichia coli bacteria were 13.55 mm (Isolate D1) and 12.13 mm (Isolate D2) and that of Bacillus subtilis bacteria were 16.27 mm (Isolate D1) and 19.69 mm (Isolate D2). This finding contributes to the fact that the type of secondary metabolite extraction method of rambutan leaf endophytic bacteria influences the sensivity as an antibacterial.]]>
<![CDATA[Tingkat Pemanfaatan Teripang Ekonomis Penting di Perairan Kepulauan Karimunjawa ]]>
<![CDATA[Amalo, Nancy Marcelina Reinatha]]>;
<![CDATA[Muskananfola, Max Rudolf]]>;
<![CDATA[Rudiyanti, Siti]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.4417
<![CDATA[Sea cucumbers are an economically important fishery commodity in great demand by both local and international audiences. As time goes by, the need for sea cucumbers increases and people make excessive use of sea cucumber resources until they reach the status of over-exploitation. This makes it necessary to know the level of utilization of sea cucumbers in Karimunjawa. This research was carried out on August - September 2023 in Tanjung Gelam, Karimunjawa. The purpose of this research is to find out the catch per unit effort, maximum sustainable potential/maximum sustainable yield, and the level of utilization of sea cucumbers in Karimunjawa waters. This research uses a survey method with the survey carried out to collect data regarding catches and fishing trips for fishermen directly. The data analysis method uses model calculations Schaefer. From the research results, it was found that the average CPUE production value was 4 kg/trip. The potential MSY value obtained is 2.857 kg/year with an optimum effort (f opt) of 620 trips/year. The level of utilization of sea cucumbers has an average value of 93,27% which is categorized as optimum, so there is no need to make additional efforts because the catch is already optimal and if it is added it will cause an excess catch. ]]>
<![CDATA[Keanekaragaman Serangga dan Tingkat Kerusakan Akibat Serangan Hama pada Tanaman Jeruk ]]>
<![CDATA[Melinda, Aura Tirsa]]>;
<![CDATA[Dyah Rini Indriyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Priyantini Widiyaningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Niken Subekti]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.10758
<![CDATA[Citrus are a horticultural commodity that has high economic value and tends to be liked by many people. In the Bawen area, Semarang Regency, there is a plantation that cultivates various types of orange plants. Many citrus plants have signs of pest attacks that have not yet been identified. This research aims to obtain data related to insect diversity and the level of damage caused by insect pest attacks on citrus plants. This research is an exploratory type of research, using a survey method. The research location was determined using purposive sampling by taking three fields of Siam Honey, Sumowono and Pamello oranges. Insect sampling was carried out using pitfall trap, yellow trap, direct observation and interviews. The results of the study showed that the diversity index was H' = 3.3, honey siam = 3.3, pamello orange (H' = 3.1) and sumowono siam (H' = 2.9). The similarity value of the three types of orange is 0.8 and the dominance is 0.05 (honey siamese), 0.06 (pamello) and 0.07 (sumowono). At the time of research, orange plants were in the generative phase so they could attract more insects. The level of damage due to pest attacks is classified as moderate. The conclusion of this research is that the highest species diversity value is Siam Honey, then Pamello orange and Siam Sumowono, the presence of insects is evenly distributed and no one species dominates. The benefit of this research is to obtain information regarding the diversity of insect types and the level of damage caused by insect pest attacks.]]>
<![CDATA[Estimasi Populasi dan Habitat Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis Raffles, 1821) di Desa Ngesrepbalong, Jawa Tengah ]]>
<![CDATA[S, Christine Nadya]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahayuningsih, Margareta]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.11787
<![CDATA[Mount Ungaran leaves an important ecosystem as a habitat for various species, including long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis Raffles, 1821). Long-tailed macaques (MEP) are a type of animal that is not protected according to PP No. 106 of 2018. In the IUCN, the conservation status of MEP has changed from the vulnerable category to endangered and is included in Appendix II based on CITES. Estimation of the population of a species is very necessary to provide an overview of the existence of the species in an area. There has been no research on the estimation of the population and habitat of MEP in Ngesrepbalong Village. The purpose of this study was to analyze the estimation of the MEP population and the condition of the MEP habitat in Ngesrepbalong Village, Central Java. The method used in this study was the survey method with the calculation of concentration points (concentration count). This method is used on various types of wild animals that gather in groups at observation points that have been previously determined based on the results of preliminary surveys along with the habitat conditions analyzed to produce an estimate of the MEP population and habitat at the research location. The results of the analysis of the estimated MEP population in Ngesrepbalong Village found 53 individuals in two groups at two observation points, namely Gunungsari and Separe with the percentage of the MEP population based on sex, namely 28% juveniles, 38% juveniles, and 34% adults. The increasing number of young MEP individuals indicates that the population will increase assuming a constant mortality rate. Poaching and habitat carrying capacity are the most influential factors in the difference in population numbers at the two observation points. The highest MEP encounters were at the Gunungsari observation point.]]>
<![CDATA[Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Berhabitus Pohon, Semak atau Perdu, serta Herba di Bantaran Sungai Kaligarang Kota Semarang ]]>
<![CDATA[Fira Putri Nur Awwalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Talitha Widiatningrum]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.13979
<![CDATA[The Kaligarang River is one of the longest rivers in Semarang which is widely used for various purposes over time, this river has changed towards sedimentation and erosion. Therefore, the existence of vegetatiton is important as an ecosystem balancer. The purpose of this study is to study environmental parameters and analyze the diversity of plants found in the Kaligarang watershed. This type of research includes exploratory research with a line plot sampling method (5 quadrant plots) measuring 1x1 meters for herbs, 5x5 meters for shrubs/shrubs, and 10x10 meters for trees in May 2023-May 2024. Research locations at Tinjomoyo station, Tugu Soeharto, and behind PDAM Tirto Moedal. The results showed that the soil types found were sandy loam, clay, and dusty clay; soil pH between 5.51-6.23; C-organic content 0.32-0.94%; light intensity between 2950-7610 lux; ambient temperature 38°C-45°C, and air humidity 24%-43% which means that the quality of the environment is quite supportive of plant growth quite well. The results of the calculation of plant species diversity (H') with tree habitus was found at station 1 was 0,69 (low) and the highest at station 3 was 0.97 (low); the lowest shrub at station 2 was 0.45 (low) and the highest at station 3 was 1.19 (medium); and the lowest herbaceous at station 1 was 1.25 (medium) and the highest at station 2 was 2.92 (medium). The conclusion from these results is that environmental factors and plant diversity values at each station are different.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Laju Injeksi Karbondioksida terhadap Oksigen Terlarut dan Pertumbuhan Spirulina platensis ]]>
<![CDATA[Al Anshori, Aziz]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Ngabekti]]>;
<![CDATA[Andhina Putri Heriyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Amnan Haris]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.14327
<![CDATA[Indonesia has a high and continually increasing total greenhouse gas emission. Carbon dioxide absorption can be mitigated by utilizing the photosynthesis process of microalgae. Spirulina platensis was chosen as the sample to be cultivated in this study due to its ease of cultivation and its status as a large-scale carbon dioxide absorber. The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of varying carbon dioxide injection rates on dissolved oxygen and the growth of S. platensis. This research employed an experimental method involving semi-mass cultivation using a 12 L volume tube photobioreactor (PBR) as a container with three treatment variations. These variations included culture P0 (without injection/control), culture PA (0.5 L/minute), and culture PB (1 L/minute). The data analysis revealed that the variation with an increase in dissolved oxygen levels and enhanced growth of S. platensis was most optimal in culture PB (1 L/min). One-way ANOVA results showed significant differences between culture P0 (without injection) and classified data indicating that culture PB (1 L/min) fell into a high-level classification. The average dissolved oxygen value for culture PB (1 L/min) was 7.9 mg/L, with a cell density average of 0.651 cells/ml and a dry biomass weight of 3.8 grams. The conclusion drawn is that varying carbon dioxide injection rates significantly affect dissolved oxygen levels and the growth of S. platensis, as evidenced by cell density and biomass calculations. The effect on the S. platensis culture is a notable increase in both parameters. The application of varying carbon dioxide injection rates in the cultivation of S. platensis may serve as a reference for identifying the optimal carbon dioxide injection rate during semi-mass cultivation.]]>
<![CDATA[Table of Contents: Life Science 13 (2) 2024 ]]>
<![CDATA[Life Science]]>
<![CDATA[ Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): November 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/unnesjlifesci.v13.i2.16462
<![CDATA[Life Science Edition 13 (2) 2024 consists of 9 articles which fall within the scope of microbiology, zoology, botany and ecology. Articles were written by academics from 3 university, such as Universitas Negeri Semarang, Universitas Diponegoro, and Universitas Tanjungpura.]]>
