Wallacea Plant Protection Journal
The Wallacea Plant Protection Journal is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to disseminating original research and insights on plant protection worldwide, with a focus on tropical plant pests and diseases. The journal provides a platform for scientists, researchers, and practitioners to share their latest findings, innovative approaches, and practical solutions related to plant protection. It covers a wide range of topics, including: Phytopathology – Research on the diversity, biology, ecology, and pathogenicity of fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, and other microorganisms associated with plants. – Studies on host–pathogen interactions, mechanisms of infection, plant resistance, and novel diagnostic techniques. Entomology – Studies on insect and mite pests affecting agricultural and horticultural crops, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and behavior. – Development of innovative methods for pest surveillance, control, and resistance management. Integrated Pest and Disease Management (IPM/IDM) – Environmentally friendly, economically feasible, and socially acceptable approaches to crop protection. – Combination of cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical methods to minimize reliance on synthetic pesticides. – Case studies, modeling, and evaluation of IPM strategies in different agroecosystems. Biotechnology in Crop Protection – Application of molecular biology, genetic engineering, and biotechnological innovations in understanding and managing plant pests and diseases. – Use of molecular markers, genome editing, and transgenic crops for developing resistance and enhancing plant defense mechanisms. – Exploration of endophytes, bioformulations, and novel biocontrol technologies. Epidemiology of Plant Pests and Diseases – Research on the epidemiology, spread, and outbreak dynamics of plant diseases and pests across diverse agroecological zones. – Modeling and forecasting of epidemics to support early-warning systems and preventive strategies. – Studies on the impacts of climate change, globalization, and land-use patterns on pest and disease dynamics.
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<![CDATA[DenseNet121 based pest identification in plants ]]>
<![CDATA[Negi, Nisha]]>;
<![CDATA[Singh, Sandeep Kumar]]>
<![CDATA[ Wallacea Plant Protection Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University ]]>
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DOI: 10.64128/wppj.v1i2.46088
<![CDATA[Smart agriculture has benefited greatly from the widespread use of deep learning, which has proven critical to the industry. Reliability of data annotation and poor data quality, on the other hand, will severely limit the performance of intelligent applications because deep learning models are limited by these factors. We approaches, distance-entropy to distinguish the good and bad data from the perspective of information. DenseNet-121 was used as the backbone network and the IP06 dataset was used in trials. The findings highlight the frequency of duplicate data by demonstrating that almost 50% of the dataset has sufficient redundancy to produce test accuracy scores that are comparable. In addition, a thorough examination of representative samples resulted in the development of recommendations for enhancing dataset efficiency. These recommendations provide a useful road map for data-driven smart agriculture research, advancing knowledge and the use of data to advance agricultural innovation and sustainability.]]>
<![CDATA[Importance of red beans in artificial diets for Troides helena (Linnaeus) larvae: A review ]]>
<![CDATA[Aminah, Sri Nur]]>
<![CDATA[ Wallacea Plant Protection Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University ]]>
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DOI: 10.64128/wppj.v1i2.47262
<![CDATA[The common problem in insect artificial diet for Lepidopteran, especially Troides helena (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) larvae is preparing wheat germ to cover the nutritional needs of the insect target. All of the material formulated in the artificial diet has different textures, water content, and nutritional composition compared to the natural diet from the butterflies host plant, Aristolochia leaves. The ability to choose and control the nutritional component of the artificial diet gives the best results for the mass-rearing of insect targets. Larvae of T. helena have been successfully mass-reared in artificial diet-based red beans as a substitute for wheat germ. Artificial diet incorporating red beans or kidney beans have been shown to increase longevity and the successful emergence of the adults from the pupal stage. An artificial diet was given to T. helena larvae from the 2nd instar until they formed a pupal. Previous research showed that T. helena adults, while hatching normally a males, often remained crippling butterflies. In the future, the artificial diet of butterflies is the solution increasing population of insects in Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi.]]>
<![CDATA[Environmental and agronomic factors affecting mealybug populations in papaya ]]>
<![CDATA[Fredrick, Albert]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahim, Abdul]]>;
<![CDATA[Adiwena, Muh]]>
<![CDATA[ Wallacea Plant Protection Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University ]]>
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DOI: 10.64128/wppj.v1i2.47965
<![CDATA[Mealybug infestations are a growing concern in tropical horticulture due to their rapid population increase and the significant damage they cause to fruit crops. This research examined the severity of attack and population density of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) on papaya (Carica papaya L.), and analysed their relationship with environmental conditions and cultivation practices in several locations in Tarakan City, North Borneo. The study was conducted from January to April 2025 at seven papaya cultivation sites, including Juata Laut 1–5, Juata Permai, and Karang Harapan. A field survey combined with purposive sampling was applied to assess a minimum of 100 papaya trees over one year old at each site. Data collected included the number of infested trees, mealybug population per plant, types of fertilizers and pesticides used, plant age, and surrounding land conditions. The percentage of trees infested with mealybugs ranged from 25.07% to 38.89%, while the average mealybug population on infested trees ranged from 199.52 to 224.59 individuals per plant. Sites characterized by intensive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides—such as Juata Laut 2 and Juata Laut 4—showed higher infestation levels than those managed with organic practices, such as Juata Permai. Environmental factors, particularly high humidity and inadequate drainage, were also associated with increased mealybug population growth. These findings indicate that environmental conditions and cultivation techniques play a substantial role in shaping the population dynamics of mealybugs. The results highlight the importance of implementing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies that emphasise ecological approaches and environmentally sustainable cultivation practices to mitigate mealybug infestations in humid tropical regions such as Tarakan City.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparative antifungal efficacy of Zinnia elegans and Tithonia diversifolia extracts against Fusarium verticillioides: In-vitro study ]]>
<![CDATA[Asmila, Asmila]]>;
<![CDATA[Azis, Asti Irawanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariyanti, Eka Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Kumalasari, Ade Sugiarti]]>
<![CDATA[ Wallacea Plant Protection Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University ]]>
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DOI: 10.64128/wppj.v1i2.48421
<![CDATA[Fusarium verticillioides are broad-spectrum pathogens with extensive host ranges and represent a major constraint in agricultural production. Synthetic pesticides are commonly used by farmers to manage Fusarium-induced diseases; however, their intensive application poses serious risks to environmental sustainability and human health. Consequently, the development of eco-friendly disease management strategies is urgently required. Botanical pesticides derived from plant extracts represent a promising alternative. This study evaluated the antifungal effectiveness of Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) and zinnia (Zinnia elegans) extracts at different concentrations against Fusarium wilt. The experiment was conducted from September to December 2024 using a completely randomized design (CRD) with six extract treatments (1800, 3600, and 5400 ppm for each plant species) and an untreated control. Antifungal activity was assessed based on the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The results demonstrated that both extract type and concentration significantly affected fungal inhibition (p ≤ 0.05). Extract of Z. elegans at 5400 ppm exhibited the highest inhibitory effect, suppressing Fusarium growth by 32.0%, which was significantly higher than all other treatments. In contrast, T. diversifolia extract showed moderate inhibition, with a maximum of 16.5% inhibition at 5400 ppm. The increasing inhibition with higher concentrations indicates a clear dose-dependent response. These findings highlight the scientific significance of plant-based extracts as natural antifungal agents and demonstrate the superior efficacy of Z. elegans extract at higher concentrations. Overall, this study underscores the strong potential of zinnia-based extracts as eco-friendly biofungicide candidates for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt diseases.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of lime (Citrus × aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle) and kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix DC.) powders on the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) ]]>
<![CDATA[Anggriani, Binti Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosmana, Ade]]>;
<![CDATA[Mario, M. Bayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Syahrani, Wardani]]>;
<![CDATA[Gassa, Ahdin]]>
<![CDATA[ Wallacea Plant Protection Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University ]]>
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DOI: 10.64128/wppj.v1i2.48521
<![CDATA[One of the secondary pests of stored rice is Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Damage caused by this insect includes fungal contamination and the release of benzoquinone-containing secretions, which may pose health risks to humans. Postharvest pest control commonly relies on synthetic fumigant insecticides, yet their use is associated with environmental and health concerns. Plant-derived fumigants offer a more eco-friendly alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the fumigant effects of plant powders from lime (Citrus × aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) and kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix DC.) on the mortality of T. castaneum adult. The experiment employed a untreated, lime leaves, kaffir lime leaves, and a combination of lime + kaffir lime leaves with five replications. Adult mortality was recorded from 3 to 30 days after treatment. Results indicated that by the final observation on day 30, treatment effects were most distinct. Lime leaves (25.67%) and kaffir lime leaves (27.44%) produced significantly higher mortality than both the untreated and the combined treatment (F₃,₁₉ = 0.83, P < 0.05). The combined treatment resulted in only 17.67% mortality, indicating no synergistic effect between the two leaves powders. Mortality in the untreated group remained below 14% throughout the experiment. Lime and kaffir lime leaves, when used individually, exhibit promising fumigant activity against T. castaneum and may serve as potential botanical alternatives for postharvest pest management.]]>
