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Frontiers on Healthcare Research
Published by RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang
ISSN : 30327725     EISSN : -     DOI : https://doi.org/10.63918/fhr.v2.n2
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The principal aim of Frontiers on Healthcare Research is to catalyze advancements in healthcare research that directly inform and improve the efficacy of health system operations, enrich patient experiences, and guarantee fairness in health service access
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 55 Documents
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Xenotransplantation in Healthcare: A Literature Review of Clinical Advances, Immunological Barriers, and Ethical Challenges Thongwichian, Phonchai; Sari, Melsi Pita
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v2.n2.p82-91.2025

Abstract

Background: The global shortage of donor organs remains a critical challenge in healthcare, driving the search for alternative strategies to reduce waiting list mortality. Xenotransplantation the transplantation of organs, tissues, or cells across species—has emerged as a promising solution. Advances in genetic engineering, immunological modulation, and tissue preservation have accelerated progress, yet clinical translation remains constrained by unresolved biological and ethical barriers.Objectives: This review aimed to systematically evaluate the current evidence on xenotransplantation, focusing on its safety, efficacy, immunological challenges, and societal implications, in order to assess its readiness for integration into clinical practice.Methods: A literature review was conducted in this study. PubMed and Scopus were searched for publications between January 2020 and August 2025. Eligible studies included clinical reports, preclinical experiments, mechanistic investigations, and survey-based studies addressing xenotransplantation. Data were extracted on study design, xenograft type, intervention details, and reported outcomes. Due to heterogeneity, results were synthesized narratively.Results: Twenty studies were included. Clinical reports demonstrated that genetically engineered pig organs could function in humans for several weeks, though rejection, coagulation dysregulation, and viral reactivation remain obstacles. Preclinical models in nonhuman primates and rodents confirmed prolonged graft survival with multigene donor modifications and costimulation blockade. Cellular approaches, including porcine islets and ovarian tissue grafts, showed promise in metabolic and reproductive medicine. Surveys revealed moderate public support but persistent concerns regarding safety and ethics.Conclusion: Xenotransplantation has progressed from experimental proof-of-concept to early clinical application. While advances in genetic editing, immunosuppression, and graft preservation are encouraging, clinical translation will require overcoming immunological and infectious barriers, alongside addressing societal and ethical considerations, to ensure safe and sustainable implementation in healthcare.
Epidemiology and Clinical Patterns of Leprosy: A Retrospective Study at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia Ariani, Tutty; Triani , Aisha; Aulia , Salsabila Syafna
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v2.n2.p35-44.2025

Abstract

Background: Indonesia ranks third globally in the number of leprosy cases, following Brazil and India. Despite this, leprosy remains a neglected disease. Monitoring its epidemiology through retrospective studies is essential to inform effective disease control programs. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study reviewed medical records of leprosy patients who visited Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, between 2021 and mid-2024. Data were extracted from patients’ electronic medical records. Results: A total of 92 patients were confirmed with leprosy during the study period. The incidence increased from 13 patients in 2021 to 22 in 2022, and 40 in 2023, with 17 additional cases identified by mid-2024. Of these, 70 (76.1%) were multibacillary cases and 22 (23.9%) were paucibacillary cases. Male patients predominated, with a mean age of 35 years (range: 7–79 years). Leprosy reactions occurred in 44 patients (47.8%), consisting of 20 (45.5%) reversal reactions and 24 (54.5%) erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). Most cases originated from Pesisir Selatan Regency and Pariaman City, both recognized as high-endemic areas in West Sumatra Province. Conclusion: The incidence of leprosy is rising annually, with multibacillary cases predominating. Male patients are more frequently affected, and nearly half experience leprosy reactions, with ENL more common than reversal reactions. Strengthened disease control strategies are urgently needed to detect and reduce new cases in endemic regions. Study limitations include reliance on retrospective medical record data and a single tertiary hospital setting.
Assessment of Functional Outcome of Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated by PFN A2 in Elderly Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital Thimmaiah, Sreenivas; TP, Avinash; B, Padmini Kumari
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v2.n2.p10-17.2025

Abstract

Background: The Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA2) surgical implant has been developed as an efficient internal fixation device for treating intertrochanteric fractures. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcomes of geriatric patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with the PFNA2, focusing on pain alleviation and hip function recovery. Materials and Methods: This was a single-center, observational, prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 100 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were included. Patients treated with PFNA2 were followed up for 6 months. The functional outcomes were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain and the Harris Hip Score (HHS) for hip function. Results: The average age of the 100 patients was 66.47 ± 6.66 years. The majority of patients in this study had A2-type fractures, as classified by the AO/OTA system. Both the VAS for pain and the HHS for hip function showed significant improvement between the pre-operative and 6-month post-operative assessments. Conclusion: The Proximal Femoral Nail A2 is an excellent treatment option for elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures, providing significant improvements in pain relief and functional outcomes.
Perceptions of Patient-Centered Care at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Dorisnita, Dorisnita; alfitri, alfitri; Yauma, Fithratil
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v2.n2.p58-65.2025

Abstract

Background: Patient-Centered Care (PCC) is a key component of health services that emphasizes respect for patient dignity, provision of information, active participation, and collaboration in decision-making. Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital needs to evaluate the implementation of PCC from the patient’s perspective to identify service gaps and improve care quality. This study aimed to assess the implementation of PCC across four main dimensions: dignity, information provision, patient participation, and collaboration. Methods: This study employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 353 inpatients selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected from January to June 2024 using a structured questionnaire adapted from Harvey Picker’s PCC framework. Each dimension was measured with a Likert scale and analyzed descriptively. Results: Implementation of PCC was rated highly in terms of dignity by physicians (94.94%) and nurses (96.32%). Information provision received positive perceptions for physicians (75.92%) and nurses (77.34%), but lower for dietitians (57.79%) and pharmacists (57.79%). The participation dimension was rated lower for physicians (58.36%), dietitians (54.67%), and pharmacists (66.01%), while nurses received a comparatively better score (56.66%). Collaboration was perceived positively for physicians (54.96%) and nurses (58.07%). Conclusion: The implementation of PCC showed favorable results in dignity, information, and collaboration, while patient participation remained suboptimal. Strengthening effective communication and enhancing active involvement of all healthcare professionals, including pharmacists and dietitians, were essential to improve the quality of patient-centered care.
Recurrent Acute Rheumatic Fever with Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis in 11-years-old Patient: A Case Report Kino, Kino; Hariyanto, Didik; Fernando, Harben; Risani, Puti
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p33-38.2026

Abstract

Background: Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) was an immune-mediated complication of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection that could progress to Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) through repeated or untreated episodes. While RHD typically developed over years, yet some children in endemic settings can develop severe multivalvular disease rapidly, likely due to unrecognized/subclinical ARF and inadequate secondary prophylaxis. This case adds to the literature by illustrating severe rheumatic mitral stenosis at a young age with clinical features suggestive of recurrent ARF despite no documented prior ARF, emphasizing rapid progression could occur in endemic settings. Case report: An 11-year-old male presented with exertional dyspnea and intermittent joint pain without swelling or redness. There was no previously documented ARF episode. Serology showed positive anti-streptolysin O (ASO) supporting recent streptococcal exposure. Echocardiography demonstrated severe mitral stenosis, moderate mitral regurgitation, moderate aortic regurgitation, moderate aortic stenosis, and severe tricuspid regurgitation with high probability of pulmonary hypertension. Diagnosis of recurrent ARF with severe RHD was established using the modified Jones criteria, supported by echocardiographic evidence of multivalvular involvement. Initial management was adjusted for penicillin allergy and included azithromycin, corticosteroids, beta-blockers, diuretics, and nutritional rehabilitation, followed by erythromycin for secondary prophylaxis. Conclusion: This case highlighted the possibility of rapid progression to severe RHD in children due to subclinical ARF. Early diagnosis, routine echocardiography, strict adherence to secondary prophylaxis, and patient education were vital to prevent long-term complications, including heart failure and surgical interventions.
Correlation of HbA1c with Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Febryanto, Muhammad Desto Habibi; Pertiwi, Dian; Permana, Hendra; Kurniawan, Eka; Husni; Afriani, Nita
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p72-78.2026

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is typically in line with dyslipidaemia, which substantially increases cardiovascular risk. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects long-term glycaemic control and has been proposed as a potential surrogate marker for lipid abnormalities. However, evidence regarding the correlation between HbA1c and lipid profile components remains inconsistent, particularly in Southeast Asian populations. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between HbA1c levels and lipid profile parameters among patients with T2Dm treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using medical record data from 68 patients with T2DM. HbA1c levels and lipid profile parameters–including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides–were analysed. Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Spearman’s rank correlation test was applied to determine the correlation between HbA1c and lipid profile components. Results: The median HbA1c level was 8.70% (range: 4.90–14.70%), indicating suboptimal glycaemic control. Median lipid profile values were 203.50 mg/dL for total cholesterol, 55.50 mg/dL for HDL cholesterol, 115.00 mg/dL for LDL cholesterol, and 138.50 mg/dL for triglycerides. Correlation analysis revealed no statistically significant association between HbA1c levels and any lipid profile component. Conclusion: HbA1c levels were not significantly correlated with lipid profile parameters in patients with T2DM. These findings suggest that glycaemic control alone may not adequately reflect lipid-related cardiovascular risk, underscoring the need for comprehensive cardiometabolic assessment in patients with T2DM.
Ocular Biometry and Anthropometric Measurement in Senile Cataract Patients Wardany, Yulia; Firdiansyah, Verzy; Putri, Rahmi Triana; Nurman, Efhandi
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p53-60.2026

Abstract

Background: Senile cataract is an age-related lens opacity and remains a leading cause of visual impairment. Accurate ocular biometry is essential before cataract surgery to determine appropriate intraocular lens (IOL) power. Ocular biometric factors may be influenced by anthropometric traits such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to explore the relationship between ocular biometry and these anthropometric characteristics in patients with senile cataracts Methods: This retrospective analytic study used a cross-sectional design and included 1,466 senile cataract patients treated at a private hospital in Pekanbaru between June 2020 and January 2022. The anthropometric variables included height, body weight, and BMI, while ocular biometry measurements comprised axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), keratometry (K), and central corneal thickness (CCT). Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess bivariate associations, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to determine independent relationships, controlling for age and gender. Due to collinearity between body weight and BMI, the latter was excluded from the final regression model. Results: Height was positively correlated with AL (p < 0.001, r = 0.281) and ACD (p < 0.001, r = 0.157), and negatively with K (p < 0.001, r = −0.238). Body weight showed positive correlations with AL (p < 0.001, r = 0.210), ACD (p < 0.001, r = 0.149), and CCT (p = 0.010, r = 0.067), and a negative correlation with K (p < 0.001, r = −0.188). BMI demonstrated similar, albeit weaker, correlations. Age was negatively correlated with AL, ACD, and CCT. In multivariate analysis, height and body weight remained independently associated with AL and K, with body weight also independently linked to ACD. Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters, particularly height and body weight, were independently associated with ocular biometric parameters in patients with senile cataracts. These findings suggest that body size and weight may influence ocular structural characteristics relevant to intraocular lens power calculation.
Quality of Life in Patients with Central Post-Stroke Pain in Riau, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study Sukiandra, Riki; Haikal, M. Zacky; Hanania, Dini; Aiko, Novia; Al Rasyid, Daril; Sucipto, Sucipto; Joko, Agus Tri; Juananda, Desby; Maryanti, Yossi; Adlii, Muhammad Faa’iz
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p1-7.2026

Abstract

Background: Central Post-Stroke Pain (CPSP) is a chronic neuropathic complication of stroke that substantially impairs long-term well-being. While its clinical characteristics are increasingly recognized, data regarding the multidimensional quality of life (QoL) impact of CPSP in regional Indonesian populations remain limited. This study aimed to describe the QoL profile of CPSP patients at Arifin Achmad General Hospital to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disease burden. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August to October 2025 at the Neurology Outpatient Clinic of Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Riau. Forty-four patients diagnosed with CPSP were included. QoL was assessed using the validated Indonesian version of the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SS-QoL) scale. Descriptive univariate analysis was performed to determine median scores across domains. Results: QoL scores demonstrated marked heterogeneity across domains. The Vision domain showed the highest median score (4.0), whereas Social Role recorded the lowest (2.7). Notable reductions were observed in Work, Upper Extremity Function, and Energy domains. In contrast, Language and Self-care domains were relatively preserved. These findings indicate that although basic functional abilities may remain intact, CPSP significantly compromises social participation, occupational capacity, and physical activity. Conclusion: CPSP imposes a substantial multidimensional burden, particularly affecting social engagement, productivity, and physical endurance. Comprehensive management strategies extending beyond pharmacological pain control are essential to address the psychosocial and functional consequences of CPSP. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify determinants of QoL outcomes in this population.
Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Specialist and AI Supported for Histopathological Diagnosis of Oral Lesions Muhammad, Ilham Nur; Al Fessi, Reza; Wati, Sisca Meida
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p18-23.2026

Abstract

Background: Histopathological (HPA) analysis is the gold standard for oral lesions. However, clinical diagnoses often have low agreement rates (44.1%). Artificial intelligence (AI) may offer diagnostic assistance, but its accuracy requires critical evaluation. Purpose: This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini, in interpreting HPA images of oral maxillofacial lesions to the gold standard diagnosis from Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (OMP) specialists. Methods: This analytical observational study used 54 digital HPA slides from a university research center. The diagnoses generated by ChatGPT and Gemini were evaluated for agreement ('Correct' or 'Incorrect') with the definitive diagnoses made by OMP specialists. Ethical approval was obtained.  Results: Gemini demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 74.07% (40 of 54 cases), while ChatGPT achieved 70.37% (38 of 54 cases). The most common lesions were mucoceles and dentigerous cysts. A statistically significant difference (<0.001) was observed between the accuracy of both AI models and the OMP specialist. Conclusion: AI models showed considerable ability to recognize histopathological patterns, but their accuracy was significantly lower than OMP specialists. AI is an augmentative tool for triage or learning but cannot replace the role of OMP specialists in establishing a definitive diagnosis.
Development of a Group Counseling Model Using the CBT-AD Approach to Improve Coping Compliance with Taking Antiretriviral Drugs (ARV) in HIV/AIDS Patients Alfitri, Alfitri; Neviyarni, Neviyarni; Firman, Firman; Rihaliza, Rihaliza
Frontiers on Healthcare Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Dr. M. Djamil

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63918/fhr.v3.n1.p24-32.2026

Abstract

Background: Coping adherence to taking ARV medication is defined asstrategies and mechanisms that individuals use to deal with challenges associated with ARV treatment. This study aims to develop a group counseling model using the CBT-AD approach that is valid, practical, and effective in improving coping with ARV medication adherence. Methods: This study is a developmental research employing a modified version of the ADDIE model (analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The product's validity is assessed by five experts, while its practicality is evaluated by five counselors. Additionally, the effectiveness of the product is measured through data gathered from eight test subjects. In this study, the data analysis for the needs analysis stage involved employing descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Based on the research results, the CBT-AD group counseling model that was developed met the valid, practical, and effective criteria for improving coping with adherence to taking ARV medication in HIV/AIDS patients. The implementation of the CBT-AD group counseling model that was developed, there was a tendency for positive changes after being given CBT-AD group counseling. Statistical analysis and tracking of the end conditions of coping with ARV medication adherence proved that the application of the CBT-AD group counseling model was effective for increasing coping with ARV medication adherence in HIV/AIDS patients. Conclusion: This finding is an alternative solution in order to improve coping with adherence to taking ARV drugs and be able to live a life in the future.

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