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Insight of Biology
Published by Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31091164     DOI : https://doi.org/10.70716/inbio
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
nsight of Biology (INBIO) is a scientific journal in biology that contains research results and literature studies. It managed and published by Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara. INBIO journal provides a platform for researchers, academics, professionals, practitioners and students to embed and share knowledge in the form of empirical and theoretical research papers, case studies, literature reviews and book reviews related to biology science. We will process all receipts of the script in a double-anonymized review by Bestari partners.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Efektivitas Konsorsium Mikroba Pelarut Fosfat Lokal dalam Formulasi Pupuk Cair Organik terhadap Pertumbuhan Cabai Rawit Kussani, Taofi; Juita Fahrani
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Insight of Biology, June 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i1.194

Abstract

Declining soil fertility and limited phosphorus availability are key constraints to enhancing the productivity of bird’s eye chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) cultivation. Although phosphorus is present in the soil, much of it exists in insoluble forms, rendering it inaccessible to plants. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a locally sourced phosphate-solubilizing microbial (PSM) consortium, formulated into an organic liquid fertilizer (OLF), in promoting the growth of bird’s eye chili. The PSM consortium, composed of Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp. isolates obtained from local agricultural soils, was incorporated into an OLF derived from liquid organic waste. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed with five treatment groups: a non-fertilized control, OLF without PSM, and three concentrations of PSM-enriched OLF. Growth parameters including plant height, leaf number, and biomass weight were measured at 40 days after planting. Results revealed that application of the PSM-enriched OLF significantly enhanced plant growth compared to both the control and the non-inoculated OLF treatment (p < 0.05). The most effective treatment was a 20% concentration of PSM-enriched OLF, which increased plant height by 32.5%, leaf number by 28.4%, and fresh biomass weight by 35.1% relative to the control. These findings underscore the potential of combining organic liquid fertilizer with indigenous phosphate-solubilizing microbes to improve phosphorus bioavailability and support crop growth. This biofertilizer formulation represents a promising, environmentally sustainable alternative for enhancing soil fertility and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.
Integrasi Model Inkuiri dan Literasi Saintifik dalam Pembelajaran Sistem Ekskresi untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas Anna Kosasih; Rahmawati Firdaus
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Insight of Biology, June 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i1.204

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of integrating the inquiry-based learning model with a scientific literacy approach to enhance students’ conceptual understanding and scientific competencies in the excretory system topic, in alignment with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Praya, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, using a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group format. The sample consisted of two Grade XI science classes selected through purposive sampling: one as the experimental group, which received inquiry-based instruction integrated with scientific literacy, and the other as the control group, which received conventional instruction. Data collection instruments included multiple-choice tests to assess conceptual understanding and observation sheets to evaluate students’ scientific skills and active engagement during learning activities. Data analysis using the t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of both conceptual understanding (p < 0.05) and scientific competency. The findings indicate that the implementation of an inquiry model aligned with the learning outcomes of the Merdeka Curriculum effectively fosters contextual, student-centered, and exploratory learning. This instructional strategy is recommended as an alternative approach in biology education that supports the development of the Profil Pelajar Pancasila and prepares students for future global challenges.
Pengaruh Variasi Jenis Pakan Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Berat Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) dalam Sistem Akuakultur Dimas Ardiansyah; Intan Permatasari
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Insight of Biology, June 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i1.205

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of different feed types on the growth rate, feed efficiency, and survival rate of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in an aquaculture system. The experiment was conducted for 60 days using a completely randomized design with four feed treatments: commercial feed, plant-based feed, animal-based feed, and a combination of plant- and animal-based feeds, each with three replications. Growth performance was assessed by measuring weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR). The results showed that the combination feed produced the highest growth rate, with an average final weight of 60 g, SGR of 3.52%/day, FCR of 1.05, and 100% survival rate. The animal-based feed also showed good performance, while the plant-based feed resulted in the lowest growth and feed efficiency. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. The study concludes that the combined plant-animal feed provides a balanced nutritional profile that optimizes growth performance and feed efficiency in common carp culture, making it a recommended feed formulation for aquaculture practices.
Optimasi Waktu Perendaman dan Stadia Kematangan Buah Kakao untuk Meningkatkan Daya Kecambah dan Pertumbuhan Awal Bibit Kakao Ahmad Rizky Pratama; Siti Nurhaliza Ramadhani
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Insight of Biology, June 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i1.206

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of soaking duration and fruit maturity level on the germination and early growth performance of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seeds. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed with two factors: fruit maturity (physiologically mature, fully ripe, and overripe) and soaking duration (0, 6, 12, and 24 hours). Each treatment combination was replicated three times. The results showed that both fruit maturity and soaking duration significantly influenced seed germination percentage, seedling height, number of leaves, and root length. The highest germination rate (92.22%) and best growth parameters were obtained from seeds derived from fully ripe fruits soaked for 12 hours. Conversely, seeds from overripe fruits without soaking exhibited the lowest germination (51.11%). The optimal soaking treatment appears to enhance water uptake and enzymatic activity, which supports early seedling development, while excessive ripening reduces seed viability. These findings suggest that selecting the right maturity stage and appropriate soaking time can significantly improve the success rate of cocoa seed propagation.
Daun Kersen sebagai Agen Pelindung Jantung: Studi Histopatologi pada Mencit Hiperglikemia Fajar Nugroho; Putri Ayu Lestari
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Insight of Biology, June 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i1.207

Abstract

This study investigates the cardioprotective potential of Muntingia calabura (cherry leaf) extract on hyperglycemic mice, focusing on histopathological changes in cardiac tissue. Chronic hyperglycemia is a well-established contributor to cardiovascular complications, often through oxidative stress and inflammation leading to myocardial damage. In this experiment, male mice were divided into four groups: normal control, hyperglycemic control, and two treatment groups receiving Muntingia calabura leaf extract at doses of 200 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively. Hyperglycemia was induced using alloxan monohydrate, and treatments were administered orally for 14 days. Histological analysis of heart tissues using hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed severe degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the hyperglycemic control group. In contrast, the treated groups showed significant reductions in tissue damage, with the higher dose group (400 mg/kgBW) displaying near-normal myocardial structure. These findings suggest that Muntingia calabura leaf extract possesses cardioprotective effects, potentially due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and may serve as a beneficial herbal adjunct in managing cardiovascular risks associated with diabetes mellitus.
Aktivitas Antifungi Nanopartikel Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao terhadap Candida auris Multiresisten Hidayat, Fahmi Nur; Putra, Rizky Ananta
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Insight of Biology, September 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i2.276

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of nanoparticles derived from cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.) extract against multidrug-resistant Candida auris, an emerging pathogen with high resistance to various antifungal agents. Cocoa pod husk, commonly considered an agricultural waste, contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and polyphenols with potential antifungal properties. To enhance bioavailability and effectiveness, the extract was formulated into nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach with natural polymers. Antifungal activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method and determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Results demonstrated that cocoa husk extract nanoparticles produced significant inhibition zones against multidrug-resistant C. auris, with lower MIC values compared to conventional extracts. These findings highlight the potential of cocoa pod husk waste as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for antifungal nanoparticle formulations, providing an eco-friendly strategy for both agricultural waste utilization and medical application.
Keanekaragaman Capung (Odonata) di Koridor Sungai Perkotaan Pasca-Restorasi Riparian: Pendekatan eDNA Metabarcoding Janwadi, Andi Pratama; Lestari , Nilam Cahya
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Insight of Biology, September 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i2.277

Abstract

Dragonflies (Odonata) are widely recognized as bioindicators of freshwater ecosystem quality, yet conventional morphological observations often face limitations in species identification. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding offers a more sensitive and efficient approach to assess community responses to environmental changes. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of Odonata in an urban river corridor following riparian restoration using an eDNA metabarcoding approach. Water samples were collected from several restored riparian sites, followed by DNA extraction and amplification of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene. Sequencing data were processed through bioinformatics pipelines for species identification and diversity analysis. The results showed that eDNA metabarcoding detected a greater number of Odonata species compared to conventional field observations. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from moderate to high (H’ = 2.1–2.8), with dominant species belonging to the families Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae. Moreover, sensitive indicator species were identified, indicating improved habitat quality after restoration. In conclusion, eDNA metabarcoding proved to be an effective tool for detecting Odonata diversity and can serve as a reliable biomonitoring method to evaluate the success of riparian restoration in urban river ecosystems.
Optimasi Perendaman Benih Kakao Menggunakan Asam Salisilat Mikroenkapsulasi: Dampak pada Vigor & Ekspresi Gen α-Amilase Utama, Rayyan Febrian; Prananta, Surya
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Insight of Biology, September 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i2.278

Abstract

Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of Indonesia’s strategic plantation commodities, with its economic value largely determined by seed quality. However, cacao germination is often hampered by low vigor and delayed enzymatic activity, particularly α-amylase, which plays a crucial role in starch mobilization. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cacao seed soaking using microencapsulated salicylic acid in improving seed vigor and the expression of the α-amylase gene. Cacao seeds were soaked in microencapsulated salicylic acid solution at various concentrations and compared with controls (non-soaked and soaked with non-encapsulated salicylic acid). Analyses included physiological parameters (germination percentage, vigor index, hypocotyl and radicle length) as well as molecular parameters (α-amylase gene expression measured by qRT-PCR). The results showed that soaking treatment with microencapsulated salicylic acid significantly improved seed vigor compared to controls. Moreover, α-amylase gene expression was higher in the microencapsulation treatment compared to the non-encapsulation treatment. These findings indicate that microencapsulation technology of salicylic acid has the potential to be developed as an innovative strategy to enhance the physiological quality of cacao seeds while strengthening the understanding of molecular mechanisms during germination.
Model Kultur Tiga Dimensi Sel Punca Mesenkim: Kondisi Terkini dan Arah Pengembangan Nurrahmah, Dewi; Nurhaliza, Febrianti
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Insight of Biology, September 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i2.279

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells with remarkable regenerative potential, widely studied for their application in tissue engineering and cell-based therapy. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems, although commonly used, fail to mimic the native three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment of MSCs, leading to limitations in proliferation, differentiation, and therapeutic efficacy. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) culture techniques have provided new perspectives on maintaining cell viability, enhancing paracrine activity, and promoting lineage-specific differentiation. This review article highlights the current state of MSC 3D culture models, including spheroid formation, scaffold-based systems, and perfusion bioreactors. Each approach offers unique advantages and challenges in terms of scalability, reproducibility, and clinical translation. Studies indicate that 3D culture not only enhances stemness characteristics but also improves the secretion of bioactive molecules, contributing to better in vivo therapeutic outcomes, such as angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, and tissue regeneration. Furthermore, this article discusses the future directions of MSC 3D culture, particularly the integration of biomaterial innovations, 3D bioprinting, and molecular approaches to optimize culture conditions. The establishment of standardized protocols aligned with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) is crucial for advancing MSC-based therapies toward clinical applications. Overall, MSC 3D culture models represent a promising frontier in regenerative medicine, bridging the gap between in vitro studies and clinical translation.
Identifikasi Morfologi dan DNA Barcoding Drosophila sp. dari Perangkap Nanas Fermentasi Permata, Melati; Rahman, Bayu
Insight of Biology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Insight of Biology, September 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/inbio.v1i2.280

Abstract

Drosophila spp. are model insects with high diversity and play an important role in genetic and ecological studies. This study aimed to identify Drosophila species attracted to fermented pineapple bait using morphological and DNA barcoding approaches. Samples were collected from fermented pineapple traps placed at several sites for seven days. Initial identification was based on external morphological characteristics, while species validation was performed using DNA barcoding with the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. The results showed that fermented pineapple traps were effective in capturing multiple Drosophila species, with Drosophila melanogaster being the dominant species, followed by D. simulans, D. ananassae, and D. immigrans. DNA barcoding analysis successfully reduced misclassification errors that occurred in morphological identification. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating morphological and molecular methods to produce accurate insect biodiversity data in tropical ecosystems

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