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International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Published by PT. Antis International Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30321298     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61796/ijblps
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science - ISSN (Online) 3032-1298 is a peer-reviewed (refereed), open-access journal in the domain of finance and management sciences. IJBLPS seeks to advance multidisciplinary researchers by publishing the highest quality theoretical and empirical work in the fields of Business, Public Politics, International Relations, Law, Management, Policy Administration, and other related areas. The journal invites research papers/articles related to Financial Law, Management, languages, Politics, Sociology, Economics, Commerce, Education, Business, History, Marketing, Psychology and other multidisciplinary areas.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 188 Documents
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CYBERBULLYING: CONCEPT, FEATURES, AND INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STANDARDS FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM CYBERBULLYING Israilov, Dilshod Shavkatovich
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i2.475

Abstract

Objective: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of criminal liability and sentencing for cyberbullying against children in the school environment. Method: It examines the concept and key features of cyberbullying, relevant international legal standards for child protection, as well as national legislation and challenges in legal qualification of such acts.  Results: Particular attention is paid to the individualization of punishment, taking into account the personality of juvenile offenders and the impact on child victims.  Novelty: Based on the research, the author proposes measures to improve criminal legislation, judicial practice, and preventive mechanisms aimed at ensuring effective protection of children's rights in the digital educational environment.
ANTECEDENT–CONSEQUENCE MODEL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE’S IMPACT ON HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT Al-Buwaihi, Haider Wahid Ali; Najmuddin, Mousavi Sayyed; Amirehshah, Nazarpouri,; Hujjatullah, Vahdati,
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i4.477

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present a predecessor–successor model explaining the impact of artificial intelligence on human resource development (HRD). Method: The present research is applied in nature and conducted through a qualitative research approach using content analysis. The data collection method was qualitative and carried out through a library-based study, involving the review of books, articles, and theses. Results: The findings indicated that the antecedents influencing the impact of AI on HRD can be classified into several categories. The first group includes technical and data-related factors, such as technological infrastructure and integration, informational and communication factors, information quality, data mining, intelligence requirements, and functional requirements. The second group involves human and organizational factors; the third group includes managerial and process factors; the fourth group covers environmental and industrial factors; and finally, the fifth group comprises legal, ethical, and perceived benefit factors. Additionally, the consequences (successors) of AI implementation in HRD can also be categorized into several main groups: the first group relates to improved performance and productivity; the second group to employee development and advancement; the third group to motivation, satisfaction, and employee experience; the fourth group to innovation and knowledge management; and the fifth group to organizational relationships and structures. Novelty: The study introduces a predecessor–successor model that categorizes the antecedents and consequences of AI’s impact on human resource development, distinguishing technical, organizational, managerial, environmental, and ethical factors, and their influence on HRD outcomes such as performance, employee satisfaction, innovation, and organizational structure.
ALGORITHMIC BIAS IN DIGITAL ADVERTISING: ITS EFFECTS ON ETHICAL MARKETING PRACTICES Radhi , Shaher Rekan; Dakhyliy, Aysar Abduladheem
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i4.478

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the effect of algorithmic bias in digital advertising on ethical marketing practices in Iraqi organizations. The study focuses on three dimensions of algorithmic bias: demographic targeting bias, data-driven personalization bias, and algorithmic transparency and accountability deficiency. Ethical marketing practices were measured through fairness, transparency, privacy protection, accountability, non-discrimination, and respect for consumer rights. Method:The study adopted a quantitative approach based on a structured questionnaire distributed to a sample of 270 respondents working in advertising agencies, e-commerce companies, telecommunications firms, banking institutions, retail companies, technology companies, and related organizations in Iraq. The data were analyzed using reliability testing, KMO and Bartlett’s test, descriptive statistics, and generalized linear regression. Results: The results showed that the questionnaire had strong reliability, with Cronbach’s Alpha values ranging from 0.814 to 0.922, and strong construct validity, with an overall KMO value of 0.924. The descriptive results indicated high levels of awareness regarding algorithmic bias and ethical marketing practices. The regression results confirmed that the three dimensions of algorithmic bias had statistically significant effects on ethical marketing practices. Algorithmic transparency and accountability deficiency had the strongest effect, followed by data-driven personalization bias and demographic targeting bias. Novelty: The study concludes that ethical digital marketing requires systematic auditing of algorithms, stronger transparency, clear accountability mechanisms, responsible use of consumer data, and fair treatment of all consumer groups. .
ADMINISTRATIVE TRANSPARENCY IN THE ERA OF OPEN GOVERNMENTS Saif raad Saad alimami
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 5 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i5.480

Abstract

Objective: This study addressed the topic of administrative transparency as one of the most important modern mechanisms for improving public administration performance and combating corruption. Method: The conceptual framework of transparency was discussed by defining it, explaining its elements and dimensions, in addition to highlighting its importance in enhancing trust between the administration and citizens and achieving good governance. The study also examined the role of transparency in reducing administrative corruption by establishing the principles of disclosure, accountability, and participation. Furthermore, it addressed the relationship between transparency and the concept of open government, which is based on promoting openness and expanding citizen participation in decision-making, benefiting from technological development and modern means of communication. The requirements for applying transparency and the obstacles that may confront it within administrative institutions were also highlighted. Results: The study concluded that activating administrative transparency represents an urgent necessity for achieving sustainable development, by improving the quality of administrative performance, consolidating the principle of accountability, and enhancing citizens' trust in state institutions. Novelty: Furthermore, it addressed the relationship between transparency and the concept of open government, which is based on promoting openness and expanding citizen participation in decision-making, benefiting from technological development and modern means of communication.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON ENHANCING ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SUMER / COLLEGE OF ADMINISTRATION AND ECONOMICS Amal Jaber Fzaea
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 5 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i5.481

Abstract

Objective:  This study aimed to examine the impact of Digital Human Resource Management (DHRM) strategies on organizational agility at the College of Administration and Economics, University of Sumer, in light of the growing trends of digital transformation in higher education institutions and the increasing need for universities to respond rapidly to environmental changes. Method: The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and employed a structured questionnaire based on validated measures from previous studies. Data were collected from a random sample of 80 academic and administrative staff members. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS V.26) through descriptive statistics, normality testing, and simple and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: The findings revealed a high level of adoption of digital human resource management strategies, as well as a high level of organizational agility. The results also confirmed a statistically significant positive impact of DHRM strategies, including digital recruitment, digital training and development, digital performance management, HR analytics, and employee self-service systems, on organizational agility dimensions represented by sensing agility, decision-making agility, and implementation agility. Novelty: The study concluded that DHRM strategies represent an effective strategic mechanism for enhancing institutional flexibility and adaptability in higher education institutions. The study recommends strengthening digital infrastructure, expanding data-driven HR practices, and investing in continuous digital training programs to enhance organizational agility.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL FLEXIBILITY ON IMPROVING JOB PERFORMANCE: A SAMPLE OF CLUB PRESIDENTS IN THE IRAQI FOOTBALL LEAGUE Mustafa Qasim Al-Malji
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 5 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i5.482

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the impact of digital leadership and organizational flexibility on improving job performance in sports clubs, through a field study on a sample of club presidents and coaches in the Iraqi Football League. Method: The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, and data were collected using an electronic questionnaire designed according to a five-point Likert scale. The study sample consisted of (103) individuals, and the data were analyzed using statistical packages. The SPSS version 25 and AMOS version 25 were used, along with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), to test the study hypotheses. Results: The descriptive analysis revealed that the level of digital leadership practice and organizational flexibility in sports clubs was moderate to high, while the level of job performance was relatively high. Reliability testing also demonstrated a high degree of internal consistency in the research instrument, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.950, indicating its reliability. The correlation analysis revealed strong and statistically significant positive correlations between the three study variables. The impact analysis also showed that digital leadership has a very good effect on how well people do their jobs with a score of 0.525. Novelty: This indicates that adopting digital leadership practices and enhancing organizational flexibility clearly contribute to improving job performance within sports institutions.
THE LEGAL FRAMEWORKS FOR INSTITUTIONAL REFORM AND THEIR IMPACT ON PROMOTING TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: THE POST-2003 IRAQI EXPERIENCE AS A CASE STUDY Yassin Jassim Mohammed; Fares Mohammed Hussein
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i6.483

Abstract

Objective: This research aims to shed light on the pivotal role of "Institutional Reform" as a fundamental pillar and a core guarantee for the non-recurrence of violations within transitional justice processes. Method: To achieve its objectives, the study employs descriptive, analytical, and comparative methodologies by analyzing the experiences of Tunisia and Iraq as models of political transition 2003, respectively. Results: The research has reached several key findings, most notably that the success of institutional reform is directly proportional to the independence of national decision-making and the capacity for individual professional vetting of employees, rather than collective exclusion policies that may lead to security and administrative vacuums. Furthermore the study confirms that rebuilding citizen trust in state institutions is the true indicator of the success of transitional justice and the legitimacy of the new political system. Novelty: The study stems from a primary problem centered on the effectiveness of international and national legal frameworks in transforming state institutions from oppressive tools into democratic structures that uphold the rule of law.
THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INNOVATION ON FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY (AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE IRAQI COMMERCIAL BANKING SECTOR FOR THE PERIOD (2019-2023)) Ghassan Rashad Abdulhameed; Hayder Jasim Obaid; Haidar Hamoudi Ali Al Zubaidi
International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science Vol. 3 No. 6 (2026): International Journal of Business, Law and Political Science
Publisher : PT. Antis International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61796/ijblps.v3i6.485

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to identify the relationship between financial innovations and financial sustainability. It also seeks to measure the level of financial innovations and the degree of financial sustainability. Method: Financial innovations were measured through six indicators: online banking transactions, banking transactions through banking agencies, ATM banking transactions, mobile banking transactions, ease of use of electronic banking services, and accessibility of electronic banking services. Financial sustainability was measured using a set of indicators: profitability, debt to equity ratio, current ratio, net profit to equity, and equity to assets ratio. The study focused on the Iraqi commercial banking sector, collecting data from the Iraq Stock Exchange and the Central Bank of Iraq for the period (2019-2023). Statistical programs such as SPSS and Excel were employed, and ANOVA analysis was used to explore the relationship between financial innovations and financial sustainability. Results: The results revealed an increasing trend towards the adoption of financial innovations and technology in banking operations across all measurement indicators. However, the study found that financial sustainability criteria were not met, except for the current ratio indicator, which did meet the sustainability standard. The study concluded that there is an influential relationship between financial innovations and financial sustainability. Novelty: Based on these findings, it is recommended that commercial bank managements increase their focus on financial innovations and promote a culture of technological transactions, as well as strengthen financial sustainability indicators as a strategic goal.

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