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INDONESIA
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Published by LEMIGAS
ISSN : 20893361     EISSN : 25410520     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
The Scientific Contributions for Oil and Gas is the official journal of the Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS for the dissemination of information on research activities, technology engineering development and laboratory testing in the oil and gas field. Manuscripts in English are accepted from all in any institutions, college and industry oil and gas throughout the country and overseas.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknologi Bahan Bakar
Articles 683 Documents
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Dual-Waste Valorization: Sustainable Biodiesel Production from High-FFA Sludge Palm Oil Using Silica-Rich Water Treatment Sludge as A Low-Cost Catalyst Support M. Anshari; Meta Rivani; Muhammad Erlangga Habibi Nasution; Muhammad Ansori Nasution; Tubagus Rayyan Fitra Sinuhaji
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2051

Abstract

To address feedstock costs and environmental sustainability, this study employed a dual-waste valorization strategy by converting high-free fatty acid (FFA) sludge palm oil (SPO) into biodiesel using silica-rich water treatment sludge from PDAM as a low-cost support for a heterogeneous K2O/SiO2 catalyst. Due to the high initial acidity of SPO, a two-step process was used: acid esterification to reduce FFA levels below 2%, followed by alkaline transesterification. Optimization of the reaction parameters identified the ideal conditions as 6% catalyst loading, a 15:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, and a 2-hour reaction time at 63°C. Under these conditions, the process achieved a biodiesel yield of 70.43% with a high methyl ester purity of 98.01%. The produced biodiesel met the SNI 7182:2015 quality standards for density and acid number. Although the catalyst demonstrated stability over two consecutive cycles, its activity declined in the third cycle due to active-site leaching. This work confirms the viability of integrating industrial and municipal waste streams for sustainable and cost-effective bioenergy production.
Isolated Effect of pH on The Rheological, Filtration, and Lubricity Characteristics of Polymer-Free Bentonite Drilling Fluids Adeolu J. Alawode; Adeshina T. Adeleke; Hussein O. Aliu; Abass A. Muhammed
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2058

Abstract

Alkalinity is a key control parameter in water-based drilling muds (WBM), yet its intrinsic influence on bentonite systems independent of specialty additives remains poorly resolved. This study examines the effect of pH variation on the rheological, filtration, lubricity, and flow-modeling behavior of bentonite-based WBMs formulated at pH 7.5 (control), 8, 10, and 12 using potassium hydroxide as the pH modifier. All measurements were conducted in accordance with API RP 13B-1 standards. Results show that increasing alkalinity progressively disrupts mud structure, with plastic viscosity and yield point declining by approximately 50–67% between pH 7.5 and 12. Rheological modeling using Bingham Plastic, Power Law, and Herschel–Bulkley formulations confirms this trend, as yield stress parameters and model fidelity deteriorate at elevated pH, particularly at pH 12. Extreme alkalinity also adversely affected filtration behavior, increasing API fluid loss from 22.0 to 77.7 mL and producing thicker, more permeable filter cakes. In contrast, lubricity showed a modest improvement with increasing pH, with the lubricity coefficient decreasing from 0.49 to 0.43. The results highlight a clear performance trade-off, indicating that excessive alkalinity undermines rheological stability and fluid-loss control despite minor gains in lubricity, thereby supporting the use of moderate alkalinity for balanced WBM performance.
Seismic-Based Reservoir Characterization of The Lower Arang Formation in West Natuna Basin Using Acoustic Impedance Inversion and Seismic Attributes Hakim Afif Putra; Edi Sanjaya; Suwondo; Muhammad Nafian; Praditiyo Riyadi; Widi Atmoko
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2065

Abstract

Reservoir characterization is a critical stage in hydrocarbon potential evaluation, particularly for heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs. This study aims to characterize the reservoir of the Lower Arang Formation in the West Natuna Basin using acoustic impedance inversion and seismic attributes. The dataset consists of seismic data and well log data that have been integrated through a well–seismic tie to ensure consistency between time and depth domains. Acoustic impedance inversion was applied to obtain the subsurface impedance distribution, which was then analyzed together with seismic attributes to identify lithological variations and reservoir property indications. The results indicate that zones with relatively low acoustic impedance values correlate well with porous sandstone intervals within the Lower Arang Formation. The integration of inversion results and seismic attributes enhances the delineation of lateral reservoir distribution and supports a more reliable reservoir characterization. This approach provides an effective workflow for reservoir evaluation in clastic systems with similar geological characteristics.
Synthesis of Boehmite Catalyst Using A Natural Soft Template for The Deoxygenation of Waste Cooking Oil Into Biofuel: Effect of Sapindus Rarak Extraction and Process Optimization Didi Dwi Anggoro; Luqman Buchori; M. Hasim Muzadi; Brilliant Umara Le Monde; Tubagus Rayyan Fitra Sinuhaji; Sudiyarmanto; Wawan Rustyawan
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2074

Abstract

The development of environmentally friendly catalysts for converting waste cooking oil (WCO) into renewable energy continues to attract significant attention. In this study, mesoporous boehmite (γ-AlOOH) was synthesized from alumina derived from Lapindo mud, using Sapindus rarak extract (SRE) as a natural soft template. The saponins present in SRE play a role in regulating structure, controlling crystal growth, and enhancing porosity during the hydrothermal synthesis process. Characterization results confirmed the formation of orthorhombic γ-AlOOH, with improved physicochemical properties observed as the SRE concentration increased. The catalyst synthesized with 50 wt% SRE exhibited a surface area of 85.72 m²/g and a well-defined mesoporous structure. Nickel was subsequently incorporated into the 50 wt% SRE-derived γ-AlOOH to generate bifunctional catalytic sites, which are essential for the deoxygenation of WCO into biofuel. Process parameter optimization was conducted using response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box–Behnken design. The optimal reaction conditions were identified as 4 hours of reaction time, a temperature of 350°C, and a catalyst concentration of 5 wt%, resulting in a product yield of 78.37%. GC–MS analysis revealed that the products were predominantly composed of C15–C21 hydrocarbons, indicating biofuel formation via decarboxylation, hydrodeoxygenation, and decarbonylation pathways. This study demonstrates that γ-AlOOH synthesized using an SRE-based template is a promising and sustainable catalyst for biofuel production from WCO.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Reservoir Quality Clustering to Determine New Drilling Well Locations Jeffier Winarta; Amega Yasutra; Fajril Ambia
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2075

Abstract

Indonesia's oil and gas industry faces ongoing challenges in maintaining production due to the maturity and decline of many fields. Success in drilling new wells is vital for sustaining output, but performance forecasting is hampered by reservoir variability, geological complexity, and operational differences. These challenges underscore the need for adaptive, data-driven predictive methods in technical planning. This study develops a machine-learning-based model for predicting Estimated Ultimate Recovery (EUR) using a KNIME workflow. K-Means clustering groups wells by reservoir characteristics, and three regression algorithms (Simple Regression, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest) are compared for predicting EUR. The combined workflow evaluates how reservoir segmentation improves EUR prediction accuracy. The methodology consists of four main stages: (1) collecting and preprocessing historical well data from long-producing oil fields located in the Pekanbaru region, (2) applying K-Means clustering using reservoir features such as porosity, permeability, Net Pay, Water Saturation, and well coordinates, (3) constructing EUR regression models using Simple Regression, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest with an 80% training and 20% testing scheme, and (4) validating model performance using evaluation metrics such as R² and RMSE. All processes were performed using the KNIME platform to ensure a standardized, transparent, and easily replicable workflow. This study is expected to produce an EUR prediction model that is accurate and stable, while also identifying the most suitable regression algorithm for mature Indonesian reservoirs. Furthermore, the integrated KNIME workflow can serve as a foundation for a decision support system to assist in drilling planning, investment optimization, and the reduction of production uncertainties. In addition, the results of the clustering and modeling can be used to identify the best prospective reservoir zones, thereby supporting the selection of new well drilling locations in areas with the highest production potential.
The Tectonic Control on Karstification in The Faumai Formation, Bird’s Head, West Papua, Indonesia Marlon Nauw; Benyamin Sapiie; Indra Gunawan; Dwiharso Nugroho
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2076

Abstract

This study investigates tectonic control on karstification within Eocene Faumai Formation in Bird’s Head region, West Papua, Indonesia. An integrated workflow was applied using surface outcrop observations, drilling indicators (including total mud losses, weight on bit, standpipe pressure, and equivalent circulating density), drilling events, and 3D seismic data from Tangguh area. The aim was to identify the distribution of karstified intervals, evaluate role of structural deformation, and reconstruct tectono-stratigraphic evolution associated with karst development.Faumai Formation is subdivided into four sequences, with karst development most pronounced in Faumai-2 interval. Evidence of karstification includes cave occurrences in outcrops, significant drilling mud losses, and low-impedance or trough reflectivity to chaotic seismic anomalies interpreted as subsurface cavities and collapse-related features concentrated along fault-controlled zones.The results indicate that oblique convergence among Australian, Caroline, and Pacific plates drove Late Oligocene uplift, exposing carbonate units to subaerial conditions and enabling meteoric dissolution along structural highs, fractures, and fault networks. Grain-supported dolomitic textures in the Faumai-2 interval suggest more favorable rock properties for karst development than in other sequences. Younger tectonic reactivation during Pleistocene subsequently produced collapse features recognized in both seismic and outcrop data, indicating that karstification in Faumai Formation is a multi-phase process controlled by both tectonics and carbonate facies architecture.
Predictive Modeling of Pipeline Erosion in Multiphase Flow Using OLGA Simulation and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Bilal Ahmed; Syed Mohammad Mahmood; Mysara Eissa Mohyaldinn; Muhammad Jawad Khan; Fahd Saeed Alakbari
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2078

Abstract

Pipeline erosion is a significant issue in the oil and gas production sector, especially in multiphase flow systems. Predicting erosion in the lab is expensive and time-consuming because it requires elaborate flow loops. This study developed a hybrid modeling framework integrating OLGA multiphase flow simulation with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to predict the erosional velocity ratio (EVR) under clean service gas condensate flow conditions. The EVR was determined using the API RP 14E erosional velocity approach available in OLGA. A Box–Behnken design with 46 simulation cases was used to examine the influence of superficial gas velocity, superficial liquid velocity, pipe diameter, pressure, and temperature on EVR behavior. The results demonstrated that pipe diameter dominates EVR variation (75.28%), followed by superficial liquid velocity (18.38%) and gas velocity (6.59%), while temperature (0.31%) and pressure (0.03%) are negligible. An ANOVA (analysis of variance) also confirmed the OLGA simulation results by developing a robust quadratic model, achieving an R2 of 0.9937 and validation R², RMSE, and MAE values of approximately 0.9904, 0.016, and 0.011, respectively, indicating that the model accurately forecasts EVR across a range of operating conditions. This model could aid in pipeline design optimization and enable rapid monitoring of erosion to enhance flow pipeline safety and service life.
The Application of Remedial Cementing to Handle CO2 Gas Channelling Problem: Case Study in D-04 Well of Jatibarang Field Dedi Kristanto; Luky Agung Yusgiantoro; Nur Suhascaryo; Defi Rustami
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2080

Abstract

The study aims to identify solutions to declining oil production and frequent failures of the electrical submersible pump (ESP) and its cable in D-04 well caused by CO2 gas channelling, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of remedial cementing in addressing these issues. An integrated analysis was conducted through the implementation of Cement Bond Log (CBL) and Variable Density Log (VDL) to identify the problematic zones. The results were used to determine the necessity of re-cementing and zone-specific reformulation. In addition, well performance evaluation after cement bond improvement was evaluated by comparing production performance before and after remedial cementing. The analysis identified three zones requiring remedial cementing, located at intervals of 1040-1041 mMD, 1045-1048 mMD, and 1055-1057 mMD. The remedial cementing process was carried out in three stages: the first stage to seal the productive zone, the second stage to improve bonding in the CO2 gas channelling zone, and the third stage to improve bonding in the water channelling zone. Based on CBL and VDL logs as well as well performance before and after remedial cementing, the results indicate that the overall bonding improvement in cement bonding successfully isolated gas and water zones, and had a positive impact on production performance, as evidenced by an increase in oil production cumulative from 1370 bbl to 1452 bbl.
Identification of Potential Unconventional Oil and Gas Zones Based on Permeability, Mobility, and Transmissibility in The North-East Java Basin Bagus Sapto Mulyatno; Ordas Dewanto; Isti Nur Kumalasari; Andri Kurniawan; Asep Irawan; Andy Setyo Wibowo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2081

Abstract

The North East Java Basin is one of the prospective unconventional hydrocarbon regions characterized by low-permeability carbonate reservoirs. However, quantitative evaluation of fluid flow behavior and the relationships among petrophysical parameters within tight carbonate systems in this basin remains limited. This study aims to identify unconventional hydrocarbon prospect zones and determine the dominant fluid type based on permeability, mobility, and transmissibility parameters in the BGS-2, BGS-4, and BGS-7 wells. The study integrates well-log data, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) estimation, and interparameter relationship analysis using permeability–mobility and permeability–transmissibility crossplots. The results show that TOC values range from 0.51 to 2.78 wt%, indicating moderate to very good organic richness. The main prospective zones occur at depths of 3235–6469.5 ft (BGS-2), 3617–10632 ft (BGS-4), and 1897–1988 ft (BGS-7). These intervals are characterized by very low permeability (<0.1 mD), low mobility (<10 mD/cP), and limited transmissibility (<100 mD·ft/cP), indicating tight carbonate reservoir characteristics. Crossplot analysis reveals a stronger positive relationship between permeability and mobility than between permeability and transmissibility. The integration of petrophysical parameters indicates that gas is the dominant fluid within the prospective intervals, suggesting that carbonate reservoirs in the North East Java Basin represent promising tight-gas unconventional hydrocarbon resources.
Multi-objective Optimization of Risk-Based Inspection Planning for Oil and Gas Piping Systems Using NSGA-II Algorithm Tri Wahono; Endah R.M. Putri; Imam Mukhlash; Agung Purniawan
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2084

Abstract

The systematic examination of piping is essential for the successful implementation of risk-based inspection. The ineffective execution of this activity increases the risk of equipment failure and unnecessary costs. Therefore, this study aims to address the challenge of optimizing inspection planning for oil and gas piping systems within budgetary and operational constraints. The most effective inspection methods are selected to determine the optimal inspection interval. A multi-objective optimization model based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II is applied to simultaneously minimize the probability of failure and optimize total inspection costs. The adopted methodology, which differs from traditional methods, eliminates reliance on predefined risk thresholds and explicit failure-consequence evaluations by directly incorporating inspection costs. Additionally, the best-performing model achieves an efficient solution by reducing the total probability of failure from 1.631 10-1 to 0.8975 10-1. The application model further provides a robust decision-support tool for efficient inspection planning, increases inspection effectiveness, and reduces the risk of failure. These developments form the basis for effective decision-making to support the implementation of asset integrity management through efficient inspection planning.

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