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I Putu Cahyadi Putra
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Buletin Veteriner Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 20852495     EISSN : 24772712     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i05.p01
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary
FOCUS The journal focused on Veterinary Medicine, Animal Sciences, and Health Studies with various developments. SCOPE Zoonoses, Public Health, One Health, Epidemiology, Reproduction, Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycology, Internal Medicine, Surgery, Orthopedics, Vaccines, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Physiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Feed Science, Meat Science, Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Animal Care, Veterinary Education, Livestock Management and Production, Poultry, Horse Science, Cattle Science, Small Ruminants, Pig Science, Aquaculture, Fish Diseases, Fisheries Science and Fish Nutrition, Zoo Animal Management, Zoo Animal Disease Studies, Wildlife Diseases, Conservation Science, and other related studies.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Hewan - Kedokteran Hewan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 394 Documents
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IDENTIFICATION SPECIES OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS ISOLATED FROM POST-WEANING PIGLET TONSILS USING THE MORPHOLOGY, COAGULASE AND VOGES-PROSKAUER TEST Aniendya Dyah Prasasti; I Wayan Suardana; I Wayan Sudira
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p12

Abstract

Tonsils are lymphoid tissue in the respiratory immune system that fights pathogens, but they can also harbor microbial colonization, such as Staphylococcus bacteria, which increases piglets' susceptibility to infection. Post weaning, piglets lose antibodies from colostrum, so their immune system is weakened and Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) is not yet functioning optimally in neutralizing microbes. Thus, this study was conducted to detect Staphylococcus sp. in the upper respiratory tract, namely tonsils in piglets. A total of 40 samples were obtained from a collection of presumptive Staphylococcus sp. isolates from Selat, Sangeh, and Taman Giri, Badung Regency, Bali. All samples were cultivated on blood agar media for 24 hours at 37°C. Colonies are followed by primary tests such as Gram staining and catalase test, and strengthened by biochemical tests such as coagulase test and Voges Proskauer test to clarify the identification of these bacteria, especially for identification as pathogenic bacteria. Of the 40 samples, the Staphylococcus species isolated were Staphylococcus epidermidis (27.5%), Staphylococcus hyicus (27.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (25%), and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (20%). This study concluded that the tonsils were mostly occupied by commensal and potentially pathogenic bacteria (S. epidermidis and S. hyicus), which have the potential to trigger skin and systemic infections. Therefore, maintaining the cleanliness of the barn, providing balanced nutrition, and biosecurity of the barn need to be done as an effort to control and prevent Staphylococcus sp. bacterial infections in post-weaning piglets.
ISOLATION OF GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA FROM THE TONSILS OF WEANED LANDRACE PIGS BASED ON HEMOLYSIS TYPE Nanda Oktafia; I Wayan Suardana; Hapsari Mahatmi
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p13

Abstract

Tonsils of pigs as the upper respiratory tract are the initial gateway for bacteria to enter the body located at the junction of the oropharynx and nasopharynx and have an important role in the immune system. The study was conducted to determine the level of pathogenicity of Gram-positive bacteria based on the type of hemolysis in post-weaning landrace pigs. It is important to know that pathogenic bacteria have great potential for zoonosis. This study conducted a primary test with a Gram staining test and also a hemolysis test to determine the potential level of pathogenicity. Isolation can be done from the tonsils of post-weaning landrace pigs by swabbing the tonsil mucosa. From the tests carried out, 74 Gram-positive isolates were identified from the 88 existing isolates. The results obtained showed a percentage that described the pathogenicity of the existing bacteria including 43% or (32/74) isolates were α-hemolytic, 42% or (31/74) isolates were β-hemolytic, and 15% or (11/74) were γ-hemolytic. The type of hemolysis produced from a series of tests showed different results which were presented in the form of a percentage. The significant percentage of α-hemolysis and β-hemolysis indicates that there is a large potential for pathogenicity in the area where post-weaning pig tonsil swab samples were taken, namely from Selat Village with the SS code, Sangeh Village with the SGS code and also Taman Giri Village with the STG code. Further research needs to be done to be able to provide education to the community and to find out the bacterial species from the identification of Gram-positive bacteria which are seen based on the type of hemolysis, namely those with α-hemolysis, β-hemolysis, and γ-hemolysis related to virulence in the pathogenicity of infection.
NUMBER OF COLIFORM BACTERIAL IN THE FECES OF BROILER OF VARIOUS AGES IN BADUNG DISTRICT Agnes Merina Galis Afonso; I Ketut Suada; I Putu Sampurna
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p14

Abstract

Broiler waste generated from broiler farming is mainly in the form of chicken manure and waste water. Continuous disposal of chicken manure into the environment can pollute surrounding water sources and increase the number of microorganisms in the water. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of Coliform Bacteria in broiler feces of various ages in Badung Regency. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of 2 factors, namely chicken age 1-21 days and 22-35 days, 3 factors, namely the location of broiler farms in Petang District, Abiansemal District and Mengwi District. The volume of broiler feces samples taken was 3 grams in each farm. Bacterial growth using the spread plate method on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar media. Positive samples were characterized by pink and metallic green colonies. Data analysis into log Y. To see the difference in the number of Coliform bacteria, the variance test was carried out if there was a significant difference, then continued with the Duncan Multiple Range test. The results of the study of the number of Coliform bacteria obtained were in Petang District age 1-21 days 8.164 and age 22-35 days 7.957 and Mengwi District age 1-21 days 8.034 and age 22-35 days 7.925 and Abiansemal District age 1-21 days 8.126 and age 22-35 days 7.987. The results of variance showed that age was significantly different and location was significantly different to the number of Coliform bacteria. There was no significant interaction between age and location on the number of Coliform. It can be concluded that the number of Coliform bacteria in broiler feces in 3 locations namely Petang District, Abiansemal District, Mengwi District is significantly different.
IDENTIFICATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS SP. ISOLATES FROM PIG TONSILS BASED ON MANNITOL SALT AGAR TEST Meigagina Dwi Rahmawati; I Wayan Suardana; Nyoman Sadra Dharmawan
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p15

Abstract

Bacteria are microorganisms that can cause various diseases in humans and animals, as well as play a significant role in food safety concerns. One of the most frequently encountered bacterial genera is Staphylococcus sp., which naturally exists as normal flora on the skin and mucous membranes of the digestive and respiratory systems. However, under certain conditions, these bacteria can become pathogenic and lead to infections. Additionally, Staphylococcus species are often found in food products such as meat and milk, posing potential public health risks. This study aims to identify Staphylococcus sp. species from isolates stored at the Veterinary Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University. The isolates were obtained from the tonsils of healthy Landrace piglets aged 2–3 months, collected from Sangeh, Selat, and Taman Giri in Badung Regency, Bali Province. The research methodology included isolate cultivation, primary identification tests such as Gram staining and the catalase test, followed by biochemical tests, including the coagulase test and mannitol salt agar (MSA) test. The identification results revealed that out of 40 Staphylococcus sp. isolates examined, 22 isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, 10 isolates as Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 8 isolates as Staphylococcus saprophyticus. These findings indicate that Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant species in the tested samples. Due to its pathogenic potential, continuous surveillance of Staphylococcus in animals and animal-derived products is essential to mitigate the risk of transmission to humans. Implementing stringent hygiene and sanitation measures in the handling and processing of animal products is recommended to minimize bacterial contamination.
MORPHOMETRY AND IDENTIFICATION OF HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BALI CATTLE OVARIES Ni Putu Amasya Chikita Rivanny; Tjok Gde Oka Pemayun; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p17

Abstract

Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus) are said to be fertile because the right and left ovaries of Bali cattle have the same opportunity in their reproductive activity. Ovaries activity can be reviewed morphometrically and histologically to determine the characteristics of each estrus phase. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the differences in morphometry of the right and left ovaries in Bali cattle, as well as identifying the histological features of the ovaries of Bali cattle. The morphometry study of the right and left ovaries was conducted descriptively quantitatively where the data was processed statistically with a paired sample T- test. Identification of histological characteristics was conducted descriptively qualitatively. The results of the morphometry calculations stated that the weight and width of the right and left ovaries of Bali cattle were not significantly different (P>0.05), while the length of the ovaries was significantly different (P<0.05). The results of histological identification can be identified through the development of follicles and corpus luteum to become corpus albicans.
MANAGEMENT OF NOTOEDRES CATI AND FELICOLA SUBROSTRATUS INFESTATION IN A MALE CAT Angela Ivanka Benedicta; Sri Kayati Widyastuti; I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p18

Abstract

Scabies is a skin disease caused by Notoedres cati mites that is transmitted to cats. Felicola subrostratus is a species of chewing or biting lice that is common in homeless animals or animals in shelters. A domestic cat was examined at the Veterinary Internal Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University with a history of hair loss and itching. The results of the clinical examination showed crusts on the ears, neck, and extremities, accompanied by dandruff on the neck and back areas. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings found Notoedres cati mites. Trichogram examination found Felicola subrostratus lice and eggs. Based on the history, symptoms, physical examination, and supporting examinations, the case cat was diagnosed with scabiosis and Felicola subrostratus infestation with a fausta prognosis. Treatment with ivermectin injection 0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously with two administrations at 14-day intervals. Symptomatic therapy in the form of diphenhydramine HCl 1 mg/kg BW intramuscularly given once a day for two consecutive days and supportive therapy given fish oil for 14 days. Cats are bathed with sulfur soap twice a week. Topical fipronil is given on the 14th day to kill eggs and adult fleas. The treatment given showed good results.
TYPES OF HEMOLYSIS OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE TONSILS OF WEANED LANDRACE PIGS Rizky Novriansyah; I Wayan Suardana; Hapsari Mahatmi
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p19

Abstract

The tonsils serve as the primary gateway for bacterial entry into the body and are part of the lymphatic system, which is rich in immune cells, particularly phagocytes. Various pathogenic bacteria can colonize the tonsils, including Gram-negative bacteria with high virulence potential. This study aims to identify and characterize Gram-negative bacteria from the mucosa of post-weaning pig tonsils based on their haemolysis properties. Samples were collected from three different farming locations, namely Selat Village, Sangeh Village, and Taman Giri, which have different environmental conditions such as housing type, humidity, and temperature. The methods used included Gram staining to determine bacterial morphological characteristics and haemolysis testing on blood agar to observe haemolysis patterns. The results showed that among 14 isolates tested, 50% (7/14) exhibited alpha-haemolysis, 36% (5/14) exhibited beta-haemolysis, and 14% (2/14) exhibited gamma-haemolysis. Based on these characteristics, the potential bacteria identified included Haemophilus sp., Pasteurella sp., Actinobacillus spp., and Escherichia coli, which exhibited different haemolytic abilities depending on their virulence factors. Environmental factors such as housing type, humidity, and temperature also influenced the haemolysis patterns of the bacteria. The variations in haemolysis patterns observed indicate differences in the expression of virulence factors among the bacteria colonizing the tonsils of post-weaning pigs from the three study locations.
ASSOCIATION OF FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VACCINATION WITH FERTILITY PERFORMANCE OF BALI CATTLE ON FARMERS IN BADUNG DISTRICT Ni Luh Putu Ditha Rysdayeni; I Ketut Puja; I Wayan Sukernayasa
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p20

Abstract

Foot and mouth disease remains one of the most economically important infectious diseases in production animals. This disease can have many consequences, including reduced productivity, limited market access, and loss of livestock herds. Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccination is a crucial preventive measure to maintain livestock health, but its impact on the fertility performance of Bali cattle requires further investigation. This study aimed to analyze the association between FMD vaccination and the fertility performance of Bali cattle in Badung Regency. The study was conducted on 390 vaccinated Bali cattle, with fertility parameters observed including abortion, retained placenta, and repeat breeding rates. The results showed an abortion rate of 6.4% and a repeat breeding rate of 34.4%. Statistical analysis using the Test of Between-Subject Effects revealed a significance value of P<0.05, indicating a significant association between FMD vaccination and the fertility performance of Bali cattle. These findings provide important insights into reproductive management and highlight the need to consider vaccination aspects in cattle husbandry programs.
THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND APPLICATION OF ANIMAL WELFARE PRINCIPLES BY K-9 HANDLERS AT THE DIRECTORATE OF ANIMAL POLICE KORSABHARA BAHARKAM POLRI Gabriella Panyuwa; Hamong Suharsono; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p21

Abstract

K-9 handlers at the Directorate of Animal Police, Korsabhara Baharkam Polri, play a crucial role in ensuring the welfare and adequate knowledge related to the K-9s under their care. The importance of surveying the level of knowledge and the implementation of animal welfare principles by K-9 handlers becomes evident to ensure that these animals' lives adhere to ethical and welfare standards. The aims of this study is to assess the level of knowledge of K-9 handlers at the Directorate of Animal Police, Korsabhara Baharkam Polri, regarding animal welfare principles and to evaluate the extent to which these principles are applied. The method employed is a survey involving 40 respondents, consisting of 10 K-9 handlers from each of the four different units: general tracking, explosives, search and rescue (SAR), and narcotics. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive approach and presented as percentages in tables. The results indicate that the level of knowledge of K-9 handlers regarding animal welfare is classified as good, with an average score of 73.59%. Meanwhile, the implementation of animal welfare principles reaches an average of 90.05%, with the highest implementation in the aspect of freedom from fear and distress (96%) and the lowest in the aspect of freedom from discomfort (79.6%). The level of knowledge and application of animal welfare in the aspect of freedom from discomfort needs to be further improved.
IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL HAZARDS AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE CATTLE SLAUGHTERING AT THE SLAUGHTERHOUSE Zelia Danila Amaral Guterres; I Wayan Suardana; I Ketut Suada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2025 Vol. 17 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i02.p22

Abstract

The beef is a food product with a high nutritional content. However, not all beef products are of good quality. In the process of slaughtering beef, there is a high chance of carcass contamination. Biological, physical and chemical interventions can cause the number of microbes in the carcass to decrease significantly. This study used direct observation method to the location and informant interviews to obtain data, the study was conducted in 15 observations. Furthermore, the data was analyzed using Failure Modes and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to determine the potential hazards and risk assessment. The results of the research in the Cattle Slaughtering unit at the Pesanggaran Slaughterhouse showed that of the 11 cattle slaughtering activities, 7 activities need to be improved, and 4 activities have been carried out properly and correctly according to the standard. The 7 activities that need to be improved are, antemortem examination stage has a RAC score of 9, cattle put in restraining box has a RAC score of 4, slaughter has a RAC score of 4, head separation has a RAC score of 6, skinning and offal removal has a RAC score of 3, postmortem examination has a RAC score of 9, and transportation has a RAC score of 3. There are 4 activities that have been carried out properly and correctly, which are at the stage of receiving cattle, resting cattle, cutting metacarpals and metatarsals, and separating carcasses. The conclusion of this study is that all potential hazards are categorized as unacceptable and undesirable. The purpose of this study is to identify potential hazards and risk assessment in the process of slaughtering cattle in the Pesanggaran slaughterhouse.

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