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I Putu Cahyadi Putra
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Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana Kampus Denpasar, Jl. PB. Sudirman Denpasar, Bali.
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Buletin Veteriner Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 20852495     EISSN : 24772712     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i05.p01
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary
FOCUS The journal focused on Veterinary Medicine, Animal Sciences, and Health Studies with various developments. SCOPE Zoonoses, Public Health, One Health, Epidemiology, Reproduction, Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycology, Internal Medicine, Surgery, Orthopedics, Vaccines, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Physiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Feed Science, Meat Science, Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Animal Care, Veterinary Education, Livestock Management and Production, Poultry, Horse Science, Cattle Science, Small Ruminants, Pig Science, Aquaculture, Fish Diseases, Fisheries Science and Fish Nutrition, Zoo Animal Management, Zoo Animal Disease Studies, Wildlife Diseases, Conservation Science, and other related studies.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Hewan - Kedokteran Hewan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 394 Documents
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PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF TRICHURIS SUIS INFECTION IN PIGS IN PAYANGAN DISTRICT, GIANYAR REGENCY, BALI Dessy; I Made Dwinata; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2025 Vol. 17 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i04.p11

Abstract

Pig farming is widely recognized by the public due to its relatively simple management and its close integration with community livelihoods. The rapid growth of pig farming in Eastern Indonesia, particularly in Bali Province, is driven by high local demand for pork, the cultural significance of pork-based dishes such as lawar, and the use of pork in traditional and religious ceremonies. Payangan District is known as one of the largest pig farming areas in Bali. To ensure sustainable development, pig farming must be supported by proper husbandry practices to prevent diseases, including parasitic infections such as Trichuris suis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with T. suis infection in pigs raised in Payangan District, Gianyar Regency. A total of 105 fecal samples were collected and examined using the Whitlock flotation method, with identification based on morphological characteristics. The results showed a T. suis infection prevalence of 20% (21/105). Statistical analysis revealed that age and breed of pigs were significantly associated with infection rates (P < 0.05). These findings provide baseline data for developing effective prevention strategies against T. suis infection in pig population.
GENERALIZED DERMATITIS IN A MIXED-BREED GERMAN SPITZ DOG Pande Kadek Putra Indrayudha; Putu Devi Jayanti; Putu Ayu Sisyawati Putriningsih
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p49

Abstract

Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin that can be caused by several agents such as external irritants, burns, allergens, trauma, and infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal). This article aims to report the findings of cases of generalized dermatitis in dogs due to Sarcoptes scabiei infestation and Malassezia sp. Infection. The case is a 8 year old male dog with mixed breed German Spitz. The dog was reported experiencing severe pruritus with alopecia all over the body. Physical examination of the animal revealed hyperpigmentation, licenification, crusting, ulceration, scales, rancid and oily odor. The dog’s skin then was scrapped, cytology of impression smear preparations, and acetate tape. The examination results showed the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei mites and Malassesia sp. The animal then was diagnosed as generalised dermatitis due to these two agents. Complete blood count (CBC) was done and the result showed that the animal had hypochromic macrocytic anemia. Causative treatment is done with ivermectin injection on day-0 and day-14 and second drug is fluconazole PO with 24 hour intervals for 7 days. The dog also given a symptomatic therapy using shampoo with lime sulfur and salicilic acid, the dog bathed twice a week for two week and continued once a week for two weeks. Supportive therapy is carried out by administering multivitamins and ferrous fluconate once a day for seven days. Supportive therapy for hair and skin growth is given by fish oil once a day for seven days and continue with administration four times a day until hair growth improves. Therapy for 14 days gave quite good results, marked by a reduction in lesions on the animal's skin, although the dog had not fully recovered. To prevent re-infection, animal environmental sanitation needs to be considered.
LITERATUR REVIEW : INTRODUCTION OF THE CANINE INFLUENZA VIRUS Fedri Rell; Andi Magfira Satya Apada; Anak Agung Putu Jhoni Wahyuda; Baso Yusuf; Rian Hari Suharto; Abdul Wahid Jamaluddin; Rasdiyanah; Adryani Ris
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2025 Vol. 17 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i04.p22

Abstract

The Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) is a causative agent of flu in dogs and belongs to the highly mutable Type A influenza virus group, which also infects various animals and humans. Despite ongoing efforts to control it, genetic variations in Type A influenza viruses persist. This paper aims to provide practitioners, pet owners, academics, and policymakers with a concise overview of CIV to support early prevention, treatment, and containment strategies, particularly in Indonesia. The data presented in this paper are derived from scientific reports on canine flu cases caused by Type A influenza subtypes H3N8 and H3N2. The first reported case of H3N8 CIV infection occurred in the early 2000s in the United States, primarily affecting Greyhound dogs. This strain originated from an equine influenza outbreak in America. Meanwhile, the H3N2 subtype, which later emerged in dogs in the U.S., shares genetic similarities with strains isolated in China and South Korea, suggesting intercontinental transmission. Clinical signs of CIV infection are typically mild and resemble general flu symptoms but may worsen with secondary infections. As a zoonotic virus, CIV poses a potential threat to public health if left unaddressed. Thus, further investigation into canine influenza cases in Indonesia is essential, along with public education on vaccination and stricter regulations on the movement of animals from affected countries.
IDENTIFICATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS ISOLATES FROM PORCINE TONSILS BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COAGULASE TEST Muhammad Agie Ramadhan; I Wayan Suardana; I Nyoman Suarsana
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p34

Abstract

Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) are valuable livestock animals in the farming industry, known for their high economic productivity as a meat source. However, pigs are susceptible to microbial infections, especially during early growth stages. One of the primary components of the pig's immune system is the tonsils, which serve as the first barrier against pathogenic microorganisms entering through the mouth and respiratory tract. In young pigs, the tonsils frequently become colonization sites for Staphylococcus sp., a group of Gram-positive, grape- like coccus-shaped bacteria found in various body tissues. S. aureus, a specific species of Staphylococcus, is known to be coagulase-positive with high pathogenic potential, while S. epidermidis, which is coagulase-negative, is generally considered a commensal species. The coagulase test is a critical laboratory method for distinguishing these species based on their ability to produce the coagulase enzyme, which clots blood plasma. This study aims to identify Staphylococcus isolates in the tonsils of young pigs and assess their pathogenic potential using the coagulase test. A total of 40 presumptive Staphylococcus sp. isolates were obtained and tested. The results showed that 14 isolates (35.8%) were coagulase-positive and identified as S. aureus, which poses a potential risk of serious infections in animals. Meanwhile, 26 isolates (64.2%) were coagulase-negative and identified as S. epidermidis, which is typically non- pathogenic. This study highlights the importance of the coagulase test in identifying Staphylococcus species and assessing infection risks, which is beneficial for improving pig health and productivity in farming environments.
CASE OF COLISEPTICEMIA IN BROILER CHICKEN AT CLOSED HOUSE FARM IN JIMBARAN, BADUNG REGENCY, BALI Alfaine Nova Chumayroh; I Gusti Ketut Suarjana; I Ketut Berata; Tri Komala Sari; Ida Bagus Made Oka
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2025 Vol. 17 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i04.p01

Abstract

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a pathogenic strain of E. coli that can cause systemic infections in poultry, leading to colisepticemia in chickens. This condition reduces productivity and increases financial losses for farmers. This case study aims to obtain a definitive diagnosis of the disease affecting 21-day-old broiler chickens in a farm located in Jimbaran, South Kuta District, Badung Regency, Bali. The methods used include clinical symptom observation, epidemiological analysis, anatomical pathology, histopathology, and laboratory examinations for bacteriology and parasitology. The observed symptoms included weakness, decreased appetite and water intake, dull and stiff feathers, diarrhea, and the presence of solidified yellowish-white feces around the cloaca. Epidemiological analysis revealed that the farm had approximately ±10,000 chickens, with around ±1,800 chickens exhibiting similar symptoms and approximately ±500 deaths. The morbidity rate was 18%, the mortality rate was 5%, and the case fatality rate (CFR) was 27.8%. Gross pathology examination showed the presence of fibrin in the abdominal and thoracic areas, covering the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys. Histopathological examination revealed inflammation accompanied by heterophil inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, edema, hemorrhage, and congestion. Bacteriological examination was conducted by isolating bacteria using general and selective media, supported by Gram staining, catalase test, biochemical tests, and glucose fermentation tests, confirming the presence of Escherichia coli in the heart, liver, lungs, and intestines. Parasitological examination using native, sedimentation, and flotation methods on fecal samples showed no parasitic infection. The study concludes that the chickens were diagnosed with colisepticemia without any parasitic infection. Prevention measures should focus on maintaining biosecurity and farm sanitation to minimize infections caused by various pathogenic agents.
THE THE EFFECT OF GREEN MENIRAN EXTRACT ON AVIAN INFLUENZA ANTIBODY TITER IN BROILERS TWO WEEKS BEFORE VACCINATION Dewandaru Evan Wintyassatya; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa; I Made Sukada; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p32

Abstract

Avian Influenza (AI) is a viral disease that poses a serious threat to poultry farming, particularly in broiler production. The rapid and massive spread of AI in poultry flocks can cause substantial economic losses for farmers. Vaccination is one of the primary strategies for AI prevention; however, the currently available AI vaccines are killed/inactivated types, which tend to induce antibody titers slowly. This limitation, coupled with the relatively short rearing period of broilers, reduces vaccine effectiveness in broiler chickens. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of green meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) extract on enhancing antibody titers in broilers when administered for two weeks prior to AI vaccination. A total of 30 broiler chickens aged from day 1 to 32 days were used as experimental subjects. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three groups: negative control (K−), positive control (K+), and treatment group (P). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Regression Analysis via SPSS software. The results demonstrated a comparative increase in average antibody titers in the treatment group receiving Phyllanthus niruri extract compared to the control groups. It was concluded that supplementation with Phyllanthus niruri extract effectively enhanced antibody titers in broilers vaccinated with the inactivated AI La Sota vaccine, with peak antibody responses observed 1–2 weeks post-vaccination. The administration of green Phyllanthus niruri extract has been proven to stimulate antibody titers in broilers by accelerating the development of protective antibody levels against the AI virus. The timing of sample collection was shown to significantly affect antibody titers, with the highest levels observed during the first to second week post-vaccination. Future research on the administration of Phyllanthus niruri extract to improve antibody titers against Avian Influenza (AI) in broilers is expected to extend the duration of supplementation until the harvesting period and to include higher dosage variations in order to achieve more optimal and protective results.
SALMONELLOSIS CASE IN BROILER CHICKENS AT A CLOSED-HOUSE FARM IN DARMASABA VILLAGE, ABIANSEMAL, BADUNG, BALI Dewa Ayu Sinthya Devi; I Gusti Ketut Suarjana; I Made Kardena; Nyoman Adi Suratma; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p36

Abstract

Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella sp. is a septicemic bacterial disease that commonly occurs in chickens. A 14-day-old broiler chicken from a closed house in Darmasaba Village, Abiansemal Subdistrict, Badung Regency, Bali was found to show general signs and clinical symptoms of conjunctivitis, decreased appetite, feather loss and dullness, stunted growth and greenish-white feces. To confirm the definitive diagnosis, laboratory examination is necessary. In this case study anatomical pathology, hispathological preparations, and bacterial identification were used. The examination results showed Enchepalitis, Pneumonia hemorrhagic, Myocarditis fibrinous, Hepatitis hemorrhagic, Glomerulonephritis hemorrhagic, Proventriculitis necrotican, and Enteritis hemorrhagic. Bacteriology test examination found Salmonella Typhimurium from the heart, lungs, and liver. The case animal was concluded to have Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria. Salmonellosis control can be done by improving biosecurity and cage sanitation, conducting chicken health management, controlling animal and human traffic, and using antibiotics wisely in accordance with veterinary recommendations to minimize the transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium bacteria through feed, water, and the environment.
ACUTE DERMAL IRRITATION TEST OF SIMPLISIA BUNGA GUMITIR OINTMENT ON ALBINO RABBIT Wayan Sangi Vani; I Made Merdana; I Wayan Gorda
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p33

Abstract

Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) are widely cultivated for ornamental purposes and also as a natural food coloring. Gumitir flowers contain antioxidants, secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, essential oils, flavonoids, and carotenoids. This study aims to determine the results of the acute dermal irritation test of the simplicia flower gumitir ointment on albino rabbits, referring to The OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals - No. Test: 404, Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion (OECD) 2015. The test animals, consisting of three albino rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), were treated with the simplicia flower gumitir ointment, with a placebo (negative control) as a comparison, using the patch test technique and evaluation based on the Amanded Draize test. The research results show that the application of gumitir flower simplicia ointment does not cause erythema and edema, both in the treatment and control groups, with a Mean Irritation Index of 0.16. Observation of reversibility effects showed the growth of fine and normal hair around the test area. It can be concluded that the gumitir flower simplicia ointment is non-irritating and therefore safe to use. It is recommended to conduct further tests as an effort to improve the salve made from gumitir flower simplicia, including salve formulation, stability testing, safety testing, and a review of previous test data.
ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN MICE IMMUNIZED WITH ASF_703 DNA VACCINE Fidella Luthfia Qotrunnada; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika; Hamong Suharsono
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2025 Vol. 17 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i04.p03

Abstract

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious viral disease in pigs, causing significant economic losses due to high mortality rate and the lack of an effective vaccine. On going vaccine development efforts include research at the Biomedical Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, which previously developed the ASF_701 DNA vaccine. The study aimed to evaluate the immune response in mice to a novel ASD DNA vaccine formulation containing four additional genes (EP153R, A238L, DP96R, and S276R) and a polymer adjuvant. In this experimental study, mice were divided into two groups: a control group and a vaccinated group. Each mouse in the vaccinated group received a subcutaneous injection of 25 µg plasmid DNA in polymer adjuvant. The immune response was assessed using ELISA to detect ASF-specific antibodies at weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, with synthetic peptides as coating antigens. Optical Density (OD) values were statistically analyxed using SPSS version 25. The results demonstrated a significant difference (p < 0.01) in antibody levels between vaccinated and control mice, with serum collection time also showing a significant effect (p = 0.004). The finfings suggest that the new vaccine formulation elicits a measurable immune response. However, further studies are needed to improve the stability and long-term efficacy of the vaccine.
COMPARISON OF ANTIBODY RESPONSE AND POST-VACCINATION REACTION IN MICE FOLLOWING SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION OF ASF DNA VACCINE FORMULATED WITH W/O/W AND POLYMER ADJUVANTS I Gede Pande Krisnha Dharma; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika; I Wayan Suardana
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2025 Vol. 17 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i04.p20

Abstract

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease in pigs, and currently, no effective vaccine is available to prevent it. Among the vaccination strategies currently being explored is the DNA vaccine. This study aims to compare the antibody levels and post-vaccination reactions of the ASF DNA Vaccine containing A224L and A276R genes formulated with two types of adjuvants: W/O/W adjuvant (Montanide ISA 201 VG) and polymer adjuvant (Montanide Gel01) in mice. Each mice was vaccinated subcutaneously with 25 µg of plasmid encapsulated with the respective adjuvant. Serum samples were collected at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. Antibody levels against A224L and A276R proteins were detected by ELISA test using synthetic peptides as antigens. The optical density (OD) values from the ELISA were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with the SPSS version 30. Post-vaccination reactions were visually observed and documented through photographs at various stages of development. This study concludes that the formulation of ASF DNA vaccine with W/O/W and polymer adjuvants generates antibody levels that are not significantly different (p > 0,05), but the polymer adjuvant exhibited a better safety profile. Additional studies are necessary to explore different W/O/W adjuvant concentrations in order to reduce the risk of local reactions without affecting efficacy.

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