Articles
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<![CDATA[Global Regulatory Challenges in The Aesthetic Beauty Clinic Business ]]>
<![CDATA[Siska Diana Sari]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p07
<![CDATA[Regulation of beauty clinic is very important to maintain patient’s safety and wellbeing. In addition, it also involves physician and beautician licensing and certification. This regulation is intended to ensure competency and commitment to patient’s health and safety, and beauty clinic should comply with the legal requirement for its operation, including getting licensing and certification needed, attending appropriate sanitation and cleanliness practices, ascertaining the safety of equipment and product used, and protecting patient’s privacy and confidentiality. This regulation also helps maintain reputation and trust in beauty clinic business entirely. Incompliance with regulation results in the unlawful action. The states in the world should protect the patients of esthetic beauty clinic as the form of law guaranty and certainty as well as justice.]]>
<![CDATA[Freedom of Contract in Choosing a Financial Services Sector Consumer Dispute Resolution Forum ]]>
<![CDATA[Adelia Kusuma Wardhani]]>;
<![CDATA[Damar Sugeng Utomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Indra Marga Wicaksono]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p06
<![CDATA[The choice of dispute resolution forum is a freedom for the parties contained therein. This includes Financial Services Sector Consumers who have the right to choose the forum. However, Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning Strengthening and Development of the Financial Services Sector has shifted this freedom for consumers which is only given to the Financial Sector Alternative Dispute Resolution Institution. This research aims to analyze the freedom of contract for consumers to choose a dispute resolution forum based on the principle of proportionality in an agreement. This research uses normative and doctrinal research. This research is conducted by examining literature or secondary data sourced from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The regulation regarding the dispute resolution forum in Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning Strengthening and Development of the Financial Sector does not in fact provide a freedom of contract for the parties therein. Given that choosing a forum is a basic right for consumers, it is better for business actors to provide all available dispute resolution forums. From the many choices of dispute resolution forums, consumers are given the right to choose a dispute resolution forum before agreements in the financial services sector are approved and electronically signed by consumers.]]>
<![CDATA[Concerted Action dalam Menilai Praktik Penetapan Harga (Studi Putusan KPPU Nomor 15/KPPU-I/2019) ]]>
<![CDATA[Rezha Fitriansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratna Artha Windari]]>;
<![CDATA[I Gusti Ayu Apsari Hadi]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p05
<![CDATA[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara komprehensif konsep concerted action dalam perspektif hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Fokus utama kajian meliputi: (1) identifikasi pengertian dan karakteristik concerted action dalam konteks Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999; (2) evaluasi penerapan konsep tersebut dalam penyelesaian sengketa terkait penetapan harga oleh Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU); (3) analisis pertimbangan yuridis Majelis Komisi KPPU dalam Putusan Nomor 15/KPPU-I/2019 mengenai praktik concerted action dalam industri penerbangan domestik; serta (4) pengkajian terhadap ambiguitas norma dalam Pasal 5 UU No.5/1999 yang belum secara eksplisit mengatur concerted action sebagai bentuk perjanjian yang dilarang.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan perbandingan dan pendekatan studi kasus. Data hukum yang digunakan terdiri atas bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier, yang dihimpun melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan deduktif untuk menarik kesimpulan yang logis dan sistematis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun concerted action belum secara eksplisit disebutkan dalam UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 maupun peraturan turunannya, konsep ini tetap diterapkan KPPU dalam pembuktian praktik anti persaingan. Dalam Putusan KPPU No.15/KPPU-I/2019, pelanggaran terhadap Pasal 5 dapat dibuktikan melalui indirect evidence seperti keseragaman perilaku harga dan indikator tambahan (plus factors), tanpa memerlukan bukti perjanjian eksplisit. Sebaliknya, pelanggaran Pasal 11 tidak terbukti karena membutuhkan tingkat pembuktian yang lebih tinggi, yaitu adanya perjanjian eksplisit terkait pengaturan produksi dan pemasaran.]]>
<![CDATA[Perlindungan Hukum bagi Konsumen terhadap Pembatalan Transaksi Jual Beli Online menggunakan Metode Paylater ]]>
<![CDATA[Renaldy Octavianus Tandiono]]>;
<![CDATA[Heru Saputra Lumban Gaol]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p04
<![CDATA[Paylater is an electronic-based financing service to postpone payments to be repaid at a later date. Paylater can generally be said to be a receivable agreement regulated in Article 1754 of the Civil Code. This service arises due to e-commerce innovation and the development of fintech companies. OJK noted that paylater financing in Indonesia reached 79.92 million in 2023. This paylater financing figure is supported by the increasing use of buying and selling transactions in e-commerce. There is a case where consumers experience losses for using paylater services due to the cancellation of transactions in e-commerce by the marketplace. Problems arise regarding the party that should be responsible in this case because of the complexity of buying and selling transactions in e-commerce which involves the role of various business actors, both marketplaces, merchants, and finance companies. This research aims to examine the legal protection for consumers over the cancellation of buying and selling transactions using the paylater method in the marketplace. The research is a normative juridical research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results showed that consumers can obtain repressive legal protection in the form of compensation based on Article 19 paragraph (1) of the Consumer Protection Law and Article 10 paragraph (1) of POJK No.22 of 2023 concerning Consumer and Community Protection in the Financial Services Sector.]]>
<![CDATA[Menelaah Arah Politik Hukum dan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Reformulasi Undang-Undang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati ]]>
<![CDATA[M. Yusuf Wirawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p03
<![CDATA[Law No. 32 of 2024 on Amendments to Law No. 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems (Amended Conservation Law) is an important step in the effort to preserve Indonesia's natural resources and ecosystems, which face various issues such as deforestation and biodiversity loss. This paper analyzes the consistency of the Amended Conservation Law with the fundamental values of the Indonesian state and its legal policy direction using a normative juridical approach, specifically through statute approach and philosophical approach. The analysis reveals that the Amended Conservation Law demonstrates strong consistency with the core values of the Indonesian state, particularly Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, by emphasizing the sustainable management of natural resources and social justice. The legal policy direction of this law aims to achieve societal welfare, environmental protection, and sustainable development, in line with the aspirations of the Indonesian nation.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemenuhan Hak Rehabilitasi dalam Transfer Of Sentenced Person Menurut The Nelson Mandela Rules ]]>
<![CDATA[Meirie Liza Kristanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Ninon Melatyugra]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p02
<![CDATA[Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum guna menemukan pemenuhan hak rehabilitasi bagi narapidana melalui mekanisme Transfer of Sentenced Person yang diatur dalam The Nelson Mandela Rules. Tujuan utama dari pemindahan ini adalah untuk memfasilitasi rehabilitasi sosial dan reintegrasi narapidana dengan memindahkan mereka ke negara asal, yang memungkinkan mereka untuk menjalani hukuman lebih dekat dengan keluarga dan budaya mereka. Dalam perspektif The Nelson Mandela Rules, yang menekankan pentingnya perlakuan manusiawi dan akses rehabilitasi yang adil bagi narapidana, pemindahan ini dapat dianggap sebagai langkah positif dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis dan sosial narapidana. Hasil penelitian ini menerangkan adanya pemenuhan pemenuhan hak untuk mendukung rehabilitasi dalam keberhasilan pemindahan narapidana. Pelaksanaan pemindahan sangat bergantung pada komitmen negara-negara dalam menghormati prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia dan standar internasional yang tercantum dalam The Nelson Mandela Rules.]]>
<![CDATA[Environment Overuse in Indonesia: The Optimization Based on Regional and International Law Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Desia Banjarani]]>;
<![CDATA[Joni Emirzon]]>;
<![CDATA[Iza Rumesten RS]]>;
<![CDATA[Artha Febriansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ikhsan Setiawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 2 (2025): Dynamics of Indonesia Law in National and International Perspectives ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i02.p01
<![CDATA[The purposes of this research is to identify and analyzed environmental management regulated according to international and Indonesia law. Also to proposed the optimization land conversion regulations to overcome exploitation. The research method used in this research is the library search method, namely by studying various legal books, a collection of laws and regulations, legal articles, the internet and other written sources. The results of the study show how the regulation of international law for the protection of the environment needs to be considered for its sustainability. From this research, it can be concluded that international law regulation on environmental utilization must have an appropriate spatial planning by taking into account the sustainability of the environment itself.]]>
<![CDATA[Hypocrite : Moral Legal Criticism of State Officials ]]>
<![CDATA[Yogi Prasetyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Aries Isnandar]]>;
<![CDATA[Ucuk Agiyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 3 (2025): Reinterpreted Civil, Administrative, and Criminal Law into Indonesia Legal Dev ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i03.p06
<![CDATA[This study examines the hypocritical attitudes of officials in this country from a critical juridical perspective with a moral dimension. The method used in this study is a literature study method with a legal philosophy approach. This study also uses relevant empirical and normative legal data to support the research. The urgency of this research is the increasingly disturbing hypocritical attitudes of officials in this country, which have a negative impact on the life of the nation. Law is an instrument that plays a crucial role in improving this situation. This research differs from previous research that has focused more on the study of cases of violations of positive law by state officials. Meanwhile, this study has a critical dimension through legal morality towards the hypocritical attitudes of officials. The novelty of this research is also evident in the issue of hypocrisy of officials, which is the main topic of study, rather than violations of laws and regulations. The dimension of moral attitudes that is rarely touched by the law becomes a separate and different study in this study.]]>
<![CDATA[Reactualisation of the Pretrial Role in Guaranteeing a Fair Trial in Indonesia: Lessons from the Pegi Setiawan Case ]]>
<![CDATA[Nathanael Gabriel David]]>;
<![CDATA[Fines Fatimah]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizki Emil Birham]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 3 (2025): Reinterpreted Civil, Administrative, and Criminal Law into Indonesia Legal Dev ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i03.p01
<![CDATA[Constitutional Court Decision Number 21/PUU-XII/2014 has become an important milestone in expanding the scope of pretrial proceedings in Indonesia. The ruling confirms that the designation of suspects, searches, and seizures can be challenged through pretrial mechanisms, even though this norm was not explicitly stated in Article 77(a) of Law No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Procedure (KUHAP). Interestingly, in judicial practice, Decision Number 10/Pid.Pra/2024/PN Bdg in the case of Pegi Setiawan actually used the Constitutional Court's legal considerations, not just the verdict, as the basis for the sole judge's argument. This reveals a shift in methodology in the use of Constitutional Court decisions by first instance judges. This article examines the position of legal considerations in Constitutional Court Decision Number 21/PUU-XII/2014, including dissenting opinions and concurring opinions, as well as their implications for pretrial practice. This research is a type of normative juridical research with a legal material collection technique using a document study or literature research method. This analysis is also directed at the need to reformulate pretrial norms in Indonesian criminal procedure law in the future so that they are in line with the principles of legal certainty, protection of human rights, and the principle of due process of law.]]>
<![CDATA[The Existence of Sentencing Guidelines for Bribery Crimes after the Criminal Code in Safeguarding Judicial Independence ]]>
<![CDATA[Kristina Melati Pasaribu]]>;
<![CDATA[Prija Djatmika]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuliati]]>
<![CDATA[ Kertha Patrika Vol. 47 No. 3 (2025): Reinterpreted Civil, Administrative, and Criminal Law into Indonesia Legal Dev ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Law, Udayana University ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/KP.2025.v47.i03.p04
<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the existence of regulations concerning sentencing guidelines for bribery cases in Indonesia and their influence on judicial decisions concerning the principle of judicial independence. The research employs a normative legal research method with statutory, conceptual, cases, and comparative approaches. The research findings indicate that the regulation of sentencing guidelines in Indonesia is still not specifically mandated. While the Supreme Court has issued a Supreme Court Regulation on Sentencing Guidelines for State Financial Corruption, which is limited to state financial corruption cases, no specific rules yet exist for bribery cases. Following the enactment of the National Criminal Code which takes effect in 2026, Indonesia will possess sentencing guidelines that apply to all criminal offenses, including bribery cases. This regulation appears to be general in nature in order to uphold the independence of judges when adjudicating cases. Judges are granted the authority to determine the severity or leniency of the sentence for the perpetrator by considering the standards set forth in Article 54 of the National Criminal Code, which is expected to provide rational justification in sentencing, thus achieving legal certainty.]]>
