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JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI INDONESIA

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Articles 236 Documents

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Fenomena Fatik Pada Baut Penyebab Kerusakan Piston Mesin Diesel Suatu Unit Alat Berat Buldozer Febriyanti, Eka
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Bolt is important component of diesel engine in bulldozer heavy equipment which has function to tight a piston component, so bolt generally experiences tensile load and torque load in its operation. In this research, showed that the bolt failed during diesel engine operation. Therefore, it is necessary to do a detailed analysis of the main causes bolt failure. Observation and examination include visual observation, fracture surface observation by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), metallographic examination, hardness test, tensile testing, and chemical composition analysis by optical emission spectroscopy. Detail analysis of the failed bolt was caused by fatigue failure. The failure of bolt was initiated by plastic deformation such as indentation on the outer bolt surface. Incompatibility of clamping and tightening mechanism is allegedly the caused of the indentation on the bolt. The indentation on outer bolt surface acts as stress riser. With the presence of material defect such as MnS inclusion from metallographic examination, vibration, tensile and torque residual stress during operation, fatigue crack formed and propagated until material is no longer able to withstand load that resulted final fracture.Baut merupakan komponen penting suatu mesin diesel pada sebuah unit alat berat buldozer yang salah satunya berfungsi untuk mengencangkan komponen piston. Oleh karena itu, menyebabkan baut tersebut sering mengalami pembebanan tarik dan torsi dalam pengoperasiannya. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa baut rusak selama mesin diesel beroperasi. Untuk mengetahui detail penyebab utama kerusakan yang terjadi pada baut perlu dilakukan analisis yang mendalam. Tahapan yang dilakukan antara lain pemeriksaan visual, pengamatan fraktografi dari permukaan patahan baut dengan menggunakan SEM, pengamatan metalografi, pengujian kekerasan, pengujian tarik, dan analisis komposisi kimia material baut. Dari hasil pengamatan dan pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan baut disebabkan karena pembebanan fatik dimana kerusakan awal ditandai dengan adanya deformasi plastis berupa indentasi/penjejakan di permukaan luar baut. Oleh karena itu, ketidaksesuaian dalam mekanisme pengencangan dan penjepitan piston menyebabkan terjadinya indentasi/penjejakan. Indentasi/penjejakan di permukaan luar baut berperan sebagai peningkat tegangan. Dengan adanya kehadiran cacat material seperti inklusi MnS seperti yang terlihat dari hasil pengamatan metalografi, ditambah dengan getaran, tegangan tarik, dan torsi selama pengoperasian maka retak fatik terbentuk dari indentasi/penjejakan dan merambat sampai material baut tidak dapat menahan beban dan akhirnya patah.Keywords: bolt, inclusion, indentation, vibration, fatigue

EVALUASI KINERJA SIMPANG TAK BERSINYAL ANTARA JALAN SULTAN HAMENGKUBUWONO 9 DAN JALAN CAKUNG CILINCING RAYA utama, dwinanta
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Unsignalize intersection is very effective because it has less average delay compare to signalize intersection. But when the traffic volume getting higher the capacity of unsignalize intersection may not be able to maintain a proper intersection performance. Several alternatives improvement should be analyzed to overcome the unsignalize intersection problem. If the improvement alternatives fail then the unsignalize intersection should be changed as a signalize one. This condition will be implemented at 4 legs intersection between jalan Sultan Hamengkubuwono 9 and Jalan Cakung Cilincing Raya. Kaji software was implemented to do this intersection evaluation.

STUDI PEWILAYAHAN DALAM RANGKA PENGELOLAAN LAHAN GAMBUT BERKELANJUTAN DI PROVINSI RIAU Mubekti, Mubekti
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

A preliminary study of peat sustainable development zoning was conducted in Riau Province. The background of the study explains the potential of peat land and the role of management planning regarding to sustainable development. The analysis of peat area and its distribution is based on the existing data and field survey. Then peat ecological zoning is derived by using land evaluation method. A brief description of peat is presented to clarify peat formation, peat characteristics, peat role, and carbon emission from peat. The results of field observation show that ahuge of peat area has been unwise exploited, especially for palm oil plantation, and industrial forest estate. The total area of peat land in Riau resulting from the analysis is 4.360.740 hectares, where Indragiri Hilir has the largest among districts in the Province. Peat area can be divided into 4 zones based on its depth, namely (1) food crop, horticulture, plantation estate, and industrial forest estate, (2) horticulture, plantation estate, and industrial forest estate, (3) plantation estate, and industrial forest estate, and (4) conservation area. The cultivated land of peat covers 2.667.581 hectares whereas the un-cultivated land covers 1.693.159 hectares

ANALISIS SEKTOR UNGGULAN PEREKONOMIAN KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA tabrani, andi
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Identification process for Basis Sector(s) in a region must be conducted in order to develop the economic development planning. The identification could be conducted through the Location Quotient (LQ) analysis. This paper discuss about LQ analysis toward Mandailing Natal Regency. This regency is part of North Sumatera Province in Indonesia. According to the LQ analysis, the economy of Mandailing Natal Regency depend on the primary sector i.e. Agriculture sector and Mining & Quarrying sector. It means that those sectors are the source of income for Mandailing Natal Regency.

ANALISA KARAKTERISTIK KEUNGGULAN ETHANOL SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF PADA SEKTOR TRANSPORTASI Suarna, Endang
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

As the energy consumption continues to increase, while, the most of the energy consumption is met from oil, and the oil supply is going to limited; energy diversification is needed. Ethanol can be used as an option for the energy diversification. Ethanol is a renewable energy and environmentally friendly fuel which used as an energy alternative in the transportation sector can reduce the gasoline consumption. As gasoline is one of subsidized fuels and imported fuel, reducing gasoline consumption has also impact on reducing oil subsidy and import. As the ethanol has lower greenhouse gas of CO2, and pollutant emissions of CO, NOx, SO2, and particulate matters, ethanol utilization for energy is safe for human health and environment. Ethanol also has higher octane number and oxygen content that lead to better performance of the fuel and vehicle. Ethanol fuel program is also more creating job opportunities.

BENEFISIASI BIJIH BESI DENGAN PROSES FROTH FLOTASI Kawigraha, Adji; Sarnety, Sri; Hapid, Abdul; Yusuf, Akil
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Iron ore is one of important raw material for metal production. Indonesian iron ore has been separated from its impurities by froth flotation using pine oil and oleic acid as frothers. The result is compared by the same process using pH. The results show that Fe recovery will decrease with increasing pH and Fe recovery can beoptimised by using between 500 to 1250 g/t of oleic acid and 25 to 175 g/t of pine oil as reagent.

Induksi Produksi Asiatikosida Pegagan (Centella asiatica [L] Urban) Menggunakan Stimulan Biologi Pada Kondisi Ternaungi Roswanjaya, Yuda Purwana
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 3 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

This research studied the effect of Rhizobacteria on increasing the biomass and quality (asiaticoside content and production) of Indian Pennywort (Centella asiatica [L] Urban) under shaded condition. The experiment was arranged in split plot design. The main plot was shading condition (30% shading of Flemingia macrophylla and 30% shading of Coffee (Coffea arabica) trees) and the sub plot was Rhizobacteria inoculation (0 and 106Ã‚Â CFU/mL) with three replications. The result showed that vegetative growth and biomass of Indian Pennywort were not affected by Rhizobacteria inoculation and shading. However, Rhizobacteria inoculation increased asiaticoside content and production in Indian Pennywort.Studi ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh Rhizobacteria sebagai stimulan biologi dalam meningkatkan biomasa dan kualitas (kadar dan produksi asiatikosida) pegagan (Centella asiatica [L] Urban) dalam kondisi ternaungi. Percobaan dirancang dalam Rancangan Petak Terbagi. Petak utama adalah naungan (Naungan Flemingia 30% dan naungan kopi 30%) dan anak petak adalah inokulasi Rhizobacteria (0 dan 106Ã‚Â CFU/mL) dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan vegetatif dan biomasa pegagan tidak dipengaruhi oleh inokulasi Rhizobacteria dan naungan. Namun, inokulasi Rhizobacteria dapat meningkatkan kadar dan produksi asiatikosida pegagan.Keywords:Ã‚Â Rhizobacteria, triterpenoid, cekaman naungan

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK TEMBAN, BIOVET DAN BIOLACTA TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS, BOBOT LEMAK ABDOMEN DAN ORGAN DALAM AYAM BROILER Akhadiarto, Sindu
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Probiotics is a feed additive in the form of life microorganisms that balance microorganism population in the digestive tract. This research was conducted to study the effect of addition of probiotics product into drinking water on percentage of carcass,body fat and edible offal. One hundred and fifty birds of day old chicks (DOC) of “Hybro-AM” strain were divided into 5 groups of treatments. The treatments were R0 (control diet+ drinking water without probiotics), R1 (R0 + Temban), R2 (R0 + Biolacta), R3 (R0 + Biovet), and R4 (commercial diet). Chicken were given diet and drinking water ad libitum. Percentage of carcass, boy fat and edible offal (heart, gizzard, lever, andcaecum) measured when 35 day old broiler chicken. Local feed (control died) and control with probiotics are feed with self formulation (R0, and R1 – R3). Control diet based on the needs of broiler chickens by the National Research Council(NRC).Results showed that treatments did not give significant effect (P>0,05) percentage of carcass, body fat and edible offal. Giving probiotics biovet produce better carcass percentage compared with controls and other treatments.

Model Taman Teknologi Berbasis Tanaman Energi Sebagai Instrumen Pengembangan Wilayah Gunarto, Anton
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 17 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

The objective of this research is to collect and analyze data for composing Agro Technology Park model based on energy crops as regional development instrument of Baron Technology Park. Data analysis method conducted by using planning framework approach or Gold (1980) supply analysis and data collecting through Focus Group Discussion. The concept of Baron Agro Technology Park is an integrated agricultural model which produce energy crop as raw material for biofuel, biodiesel and biogas. It can also be used as edu-agrotourism that provide knowledge/education on culture, post harvest, processing and utilization of energy crops. Agro Technology Park design based on energy crops agrotourism that suitable with culture technical requirement, function and aestethic value would give comfort, satisfaction and good impression from the tourists without damaging research and culture of energy crops.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data dalam rangka menyusun konsep model Taman Teknologi Agro berbasis agrowisata tanaman energi sebagai instrumen pengembangan wilayahÃ‚Â Taman Teknologi Baron. Metode analisis data melalui pendekatan kerangka kerja perencanaan atau analisis suplai Gold (1980) dan pengumpulan data melalui diskusi kelompok terarah. Konsep Taman Teknologi Agro Baron merupakan suatu tempat mengembangkan model pertanian terpadu yang menghasilkan tanaman energi sebagai sumber bahan baku nabati penghasil biofuel, biodiesel dan biogas, sekaligus dijadikan sebagai agrowisata edukatif yang dapat memberikan pengetahuan/edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang kegiatan budidaya, pasca panen, pengolahan produk serta profil tanaman energi dan pemanfaatannya. Penataan ATP berbasis agrowisata tanaman energi yang sesuai persyaratan teknis budidaya, fungsi dan nilai estetika, akan memberikan kemudahan, kenyamanan, kepuasan dan kesan positif bagi rekreasi pengunjung, tanpa harus mengganggu riset dan budidaya juga merusak tanaman energinya.Keywords:Ã‚Â Renewable Energy, Agro Techno Park, Energy Crops agro tourism.

PENGARUH RADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERHADAP KULTUR IN VITRO TANAMAN JAHE Devy, Lukita; Sastra, Dodo R
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

In vitro shoot explants of white ginger and red ginger are irradiated by two different techniques. The first, the tuber explants are irradiated by 2 levels of gamma rays namely 10 and 30 Gy. The second, the shoot explants are irradiated by 2 levels of gamma rays namely 7,5 and 12,5 Gy. The irradiated explants are regenerated on modified MS medium with BAP 2 ppm and NAA 0,25 ppm. The result show that the irradiated tuber explants with 10 and 30 Gy could not initiate new regenerant of ginger. On the other hand the irradiated shoot explants with 7,5 and 12,5 Gy have been able to influence the growth and development of shoot, leaf and root. It is indicated that the level of gamma rays irradiation on shoot explants influences the induced putative mutant of ginger. However, the sprouting of red ginger on 12,5 Gy is higher and faster than 7,5 Gy, and white ginger as well as control. The other morphological characters have not been able to be identified, the experiment are still in process to detect the mutagenic influences.

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