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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Cultivating Academic Integrity through Islamic Ethical Foundations in Scholarship Lalu Agus Murzaki
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12726

Abstract

(General Background) Academic writing reflects not only intellectual capacity but also ethical responsibility and moral integrity in knowledge production. (Specific Background) Within Islamic education, ethics such as honesty, transparency, and accountability are regarded as fundamental principles that ensure the sanctity of knowledge. However, in today’s digital era, academic ethics face new challenges due to technological developments, including artificial intelligence, which complicate the identification and prevention of academic misconduct. (Knowledge Gap) Existing approaches often limit the understanding of academic integrity to plagiarism detection, neglecting broader ethical dimensions such as methodological transparency and researchers’ social accountability. (Aims) This study aims to explore the ethical foundations of academic writing in Islamic education and to propose a holistic approach that integrates moral, spiritual, and institutional dimensions of integrity. (Results) Using a descriptive qualitative method through library research, findings reveal that ethical education—embedded within the curriculum, training, and mentoring—is crucial for fostering authentic academic integrity beyond mere rule compliance. (Novelty) The study presents an Islamic ethical perspective as a normative and philosophical framework for shaping scholars of integrity in the digital era. (Implications) Strengthening ethical literacy from early education can cultivate a scholarly culture that upholds honesty, transparency, and accountability, ensuring credible and socially beneficial scientific advancement. Highlights: Academic integrity extends beyond plagiarism to encompass honesty and social responsibility. Islamic ethics provide a strong moral foundation for scholarly conduct. Ethical literacy and education are vital to sustain integrity in the digital age. Keywords: Academic Ethics, Islamic Education, Integrity, Plagiarism, Digital Era
Meritocracy and Legal Certainty in Notary Appointment Justice: Meritokrasi dan Kepastian Hukum dalam Penunjukan Notaris Aminah Aminah; Indrati Rini; Habib Adjie
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12728

Abstract

General background: The selection and appointment of notaries in Indonesia reveal a persistent tension between achieving justice and ensuring legal certainty. Specific background: While existing laws outline clear administrative procedures, they often overlook the meritocratic principles necessary to ensure that notaries possess the competence, integrity, and moral quality required for public trust. Knowledge gap: Previous studies have emphasized educational quality and regulatory inconsistencies but have not addressed the philosophical conflict between meritocracy and legal certainty. Aims: This study aims to examine how the philosophy of justice can guide the integration of meritocracy into the framework governing notary appointments in Indonesia. Results: The findings show that current legal mechanisms prioritize procedural clarity but fail to ensure substantive fairness, resulting in appointments that meet formal criteria yet lack ethical and professional depth. Novelty: This study introduces a philosophical synthesis that harmonizes legal formalism with moral justice by positioning meritocracy as an essential component of legal legitimacy. Implications: The study highlights the need for legal reform to embed transparent, merit-based evaluation systems that uphold justice, strengthen institutional credibility, and align positive law with the ethical ideals of fairness and societal trust. Highlights: Highlights the philosophical balance between meritocracy and legal certainty in notary appointments. Reveals the weakness of current legal procedures in ensuring substantive justice. Proposes integrating merit-based evaluation to enhance fairness and legal legitimacy. Keywords: Notary, Meritocracy, Legal Certainty, Philosophy of Justice, Law Reform
The State of European National Identity After 1945 to The Present Fatima Jasim Mohammed Ali; Raghaa Abdul Imam Fayez
Academia Open Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.12729

Abstract

General Background: Since the end of World War II, the question of national identity in Europe has become increasingly significant as the continent has undergone political, cultural, and demographic transformations. Specific Background: Massive waves of migration, particularly from the East and the Global South, have redefined the sociocultural landscape of European nations and raised complex questions regarding national belonging, citizenship, and racial integration. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive studies on nationalism, few have examined how postwar migration and globalization have simultaneously shaped and destabilized European identity, producing tensions between cosmopolitanism and cultural preservation. Aims: This study aims to analyze the evolution of European national identity after 1945, focusing on the psychological and sociopolitical “neurosis” of nationalism in contemporary Europe, with special attention to France. Results: Findings reveal that while European societies promote values of democracy and equality, these ideals coexist with anxiety over cultural loss and demographic change, resulting in identity polarization. Novelty: The research highlights identity as a dynamic construct shaped by both colonial legacies and modern globalization forces, not a fixed cultural essence. Implications: Understanding Europe’s identity crisis offers insight into broader global patterns of nationalism, migration, and multicultural coexistence in the 21st century. Highlights: Postwar migration reshaped Europe’s national identity and social cohesion. Democratic ideals coexist with fears of cultural and demographic change. European identity remains dynamic, balancing unity and multicultural diversity. Keywords: European Identity, Nationalism, Migration, Globalization, Cultural Crisis
The Low Income Tax in Iraq Causes and Treatments for the Period 2013-2016: Pajak Penghasilan Rendah di Irak: Penyebab dan Solusi untuk Periode 2013-2016 Kareem Obayes Hassan Al-Azzawi; Mohammed Madlool Ali Al-Sultan
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12731

Abstract

Background: Tax revenues, particularly income tax, are a fundamental component of national budgets and serve as a more sustainable funding source than volatile oil revenues or external borrowing. Specific Background: In Iraq, reliance on oil revenues has overshadowed the role of income taxes, resulting in unstable fiscal capacity and limited public service delivery. Knowledge Gap: Despite Iraq’s fiscal challenges, little research has systematically examined the relationship between income tax revenues and broader economic performance, especially GDP. Aim: This study investigates the causes of low income tax revenues in Iraq between 2003 and 2016 and evaluates their relationship with GDP growth. Results: The findings reveal that income tax contributed on average only 1% to GDP, far below comparable countries, due to excessive exemptions, weak administration, low tax awareness, and dependency on oil. Granger causality tests indicate that income tax revenues significantly influence GDP, while GDP growth also affects tax revenues. Novelty: This research provides one of the first empirical analyses of the bidirectional relationship between income tax revenues and GDP in Iraq during the post-war recovery period. Implications: The results underscore the need for comprehensive tax reforms, reduced exemptions, and improved governance to diversify Iraq’s fiscal base and enhance sustainable economic development.Highlight : Income tax revenues in Iraq remain low compared to GDP. Strong dependence on oil reduces diversification of revenues. Tax exemptions and weak administration hinder revenue growth. Keywords : Income Tax, Iraq, Public Revenues, GDP, Oil Revenues
Legal Politics and Compliance in Forming Village Budget Regulations Yeni Fera Anggraini; Diyan Isnaeni; Novi Sri Utami
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12732

Abstract

General Background: Village autonomy in Indonesia, as regulated in Law No. 6 of 2014 and refined in Law No. 3 of 2024, grants villages significant authority to manage their governance and finances through the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes). Specific Background: However, the drafting of village regulations often diverges from positive law, revealing tension between national legal ideals and local political practices. Knowledge Gap: Few studies comprehensively analyze how national legal politics and local compliance interact in shaping legally accountable village governance. Aims: This study aims to analyze the influence of legal politics and compliance with positive law in the formation of village regulations on APBDes. Results: Using a normative juridical method with legislative, conceptual, and sociological approaches, the study finds that compliance with positive law is strongly determined by central legal politics, human resource capacity, and village legal culture. Decentralization has increased autonomy but also introduced risks of legal deviation. Novelty: This research integrates the concept of legal politics with village-level compliance analysis, positioning legal awareness as a moral and structural foundation of governance. Implications: Strengthening legal culture and supervision mechanisms is essential to ensure that village regulations reflect justice, transparency, and public interest rather than local political interests. Highlights: Legal politics directs village regulation formation within the national legal framework. Compliance with positive law depends on human resources and legal culture. Strengthening supervision ensures justice, transparency, and accountability in governance. Keywords: Legal Politics, Positive Law, Village Regulations, APBDes, Legal Compliance
Optimizing Big Data for Human Resource Development in Madura’s Halal Tourism Ummadinatus Sholehah; Farid Ardyansyah; Khoirun Nasik
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12745

Abstract

General Background: Halal tourism has emerged as a strategic sector for enhancing regional competitiveness, particularly in Madura, where religious and cultural values form a strong foundation. Specific Background: Despite its potential, the development of halal destinations in Madura faces challenges related to the limited digital literacy and managerial capacity of local human resources. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies on the use of big data in tourism have mainly focused on digital business contexts, leaving a gap in understanding its role in strengthening human resources within halal tourism, especially in localized settings. Aims: This study aims to formulate strategies for improving the quality of halal tourism human resources through big data utilization using SWOT analysis. Results: Findings show that big data enhances the capacity of destination managers by enabling trend identification, targeted training, and data-driven decision-making. The analysis produced four strategies—aggressive, diversification, defensive, and survival—focusing on service innovation, capacity building, data security, and collaboration. Novelty: This research offers an integrative model linking digital technology and religious-cultural values for halal tourism management. Implications: The study contributes to academic discourse on digital-based destination management and provides practical insights for policymakers and stakeholders to strengthen Madura’s competitiveness in sustainable halal tourism. Highlights: Strengthens HR quality through big data-driven strategies. Integrates digital innovation with local religious values. Enhances Madura’s competitiveness in halal tourism development. Keywords: Big Data, Human Resources, Halal Tourism, SWOT Analysis
Synergy of Village Consultative Body and Village Head Toward Good Governance Damar Amanu; Novi Sri Utami; Diyan Isnaeni
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12746

Abstract

General Background: Village governance plays a crucial role in Indonesia’s decentralization framework, serving as a foundation for democratization and local empowerment. Specific Background: Despite legal instruments such as Law Number 6 of 2014 and its amendment in Law Number 3 of 2024, challenges persist in harmonizing the relationship between the Village Consultative Body (BPD) and the Village Head. These challenges manifest in weak institutional synergy, limited transparency, and low community participation. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have discussed administrative structures but rarely analyzed the juridical-sociological mechanisms necessary to optimize good governance at the village level. Aims: This study aims to examine how the BPD and Village Head can function synergistically within the framework of transparency, accountability, and participatory governance. Results: Findings reveal that effective collaboration depends on clearly defined authority boundaries, strengthened institutional capacity, and adherence to legal and ethical norms that promote transparency and accountability. Novelty: The study integrates normative juridical analysis with sociological interpretation, offering a model of village governance rooted in legal compliance and ethical partnership. Implications: Strengthening the synergy between the BPD and Village Head enhances local democracy, fosters community trust, and transforms village governance into a system that is transparent, accountable, and participatory Highlights: Strengthening synergy between BPD and Village Head ensures balanced authority and effective governance. Transparency and accountability serve as the ethical foundation for public trust and participation. Legal awareness and institutional capacity are vital for realizing sustainable village democracy. Keywords: Village Consultative Body, Village Head, Good Governance, Transparency, Accountability
Corporate Environmental Responsibility and Female Directors as Drivers of Firm Profitability Sri Maryati; Trie Sartika Pratiwi; Lisa Mandasari
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12747

Abstract

General background: The growing global concern for gender equality and environmental sustainability has encouraged companies to integrate inclusivity and ecological responsibility into their governance systems. Specific background: In Indonesia, the roles of female directors and corporate environmental responsibility engagement (CERE) are increasingly recognized as essential to strengthening corporate performance, yet their simultaneous influence remains insufficiently studied. Knowledge gap: Previous research has produced inconsistent results on how managerial ownership, gender diversity, and environmental engagement affect profitability, particularly in manufacturing firms. Aims: This study investigates the effects of CERE, managerial ownership structure, and the presence of female directors on firm performance among manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021–2023. Results: Using a quantitative method with Warp PLS and 243 firm-year observations, the findings indicate that both CERE and the presence of female directors significantly improve profitability, whereas managerial ownership structure shows no significant effect. Novelty: The study offers new insight by demonstrating that environmental responsibility and gender diversity jointly enhance performance regardless of ownership concentration. Implications: The results highlight the strategic importance of empowering women in leadership and implementing sustainable environmental practices to improve corporate outcomes in emerging markets. Highlights: Female directors and CERE significantly enhance firm profitability. Managerial ownership structure shows no significant effect on performance. Integrating gender diversity and environmental responsibility strengthens sustainable corporate growth. Keywords: Environmental Responsibility, Female Directors, Ownership, Profitability, Sustainability
Maharah Qiraah Learning Practices Using Al Ashri Book: Amalan Belajar Maharah Qiraah Menggunakan Kitab Al Ashri Abdul Baqiy; Khizanatul Hikmah
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12748

Abstract

General Background Arabic language instruction in secondary education emphasizes reading competence as a core linguistic skill required for understanding written texts and religious sources. Specific Background At Muhammadiyah 2 Sidoarjo High School, maharah qira’ah learning relies on the Al-Ashri textbook as the primary instructional resource, supported by varied teaching strategies and classroom media. Knowledge Gap Existing studies have discussed maharah qira’ah learning strategies, yet limited qualitative analysis focuses on instructional preparation, classroom implementation, evaluation procedures, and contextual learning factors using the Al-Ashri book at the senior high school level. Aims This study aims to describe teacher preparation, instructional implementation, evaluation practices, and supporting and inhibiting factors in maharah qira’ah learning using the Al-Ashri book. Results The findings show that teachers prepared structured lesson modules aligned with the textbook, applied drill, discussion, and communicative methods supported by PowerPoint media, games, and additional texts, and conducted formative and summative evaluations. Inhibiting factors included students’ diverse educational backgrounds and limited prior Arabic knowledge, while supporting factors consisted of the Quran Reading Team program and game-based learning activities. Novelty This study provides a comprehensive qualitative portrayal of maharah qira’ah learning processes centered on the Al-Ashri book in a Muhammadiyah senior high school context. Implications The findings offer practical insights for Arabic language educators in managing instructional strategies and addressing learner diversity in reading instruction. Highlights: Instructional planning was systematically aligned with textbook structure and learning objectives. Classroom activities combined repetitive practice, interaction, and visual support to facilitate reading activities. Learner background diversity shaped both instructional challenges and classroom support strategies. Keywords: Maharah Qiraah, Arabic Reading Instruction, Al Ashri Boo, Qualitative Analysis, Senior High School
Emotional Intelligence and Social Skills Among Adolescents in Sidoarjo: Kecerdasan Emosional dan Keterampilan Sosial di Kalangan Remaja di Sidoarjo Adellia Ikhsantinia Ashar; Lely Ika Mariyati
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12749

Abstract

General Background Adolescence represents a critical developmental stage characterized by increasing demands for emotional regulation and social interaction within school environments. Specific Background In senior high school students in Sidoarjo, social skills are considered essential for effective peer interaction and adjustment, while emotional intelligence is assumed to support emotional awareness and interpersonal behavior. Knowledge Gap Although numerous studies have examined emotional intelligence and social skills separately or within mediated frameworks, limited research has directly examined their statistical relationship among Indonesian adolescents in public senior high schools. Aims This study aims to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and social skills among adolescents in Sidoarjo. Results Using a quantitative correlational approach with Spearman’s Rho analysis, the findings show a strong positive correlation coefficient numerically; however, the relationship is not statistically significant, indicating that emotional intelligence and social skills are not significantly related in the studied sample. Novelty This study provides direct empirical evidence from Indonesian senior high school adolescents showing a non-significant statistical relationship between emotional intelligence and social skills despite high levels of both variables. Implications The findings suggest that adolescent social skills may be associated with factors beyond emotional intelligence, providing a basis for further investigation into additional variables relevant to adolescent social development. Highlight: Statistical analysis showed no significant association between the two measured variables. Most participants demonstrated high levels across both measured constructs. Quantitative evidence indicates the presence of other contributing factors in adolescent social development. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Social Skills, Adolescents, Senior High School, Correlational Study

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