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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.12985
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,389 Documents
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Determinants of Manufacturing Firm Performance with Firm Size Moderation: Determinan Kinerja Perusahaan Manufaktur dengan Moderasi Ukuran Perusahaan Rendi Setya Mahendra; Fauwzi Rahardiansyah; Susy Muchtar
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13031

Abstract

General Background Company performance represents a central indicator of business sustainability and financial success in dynamic economic environments, particularly within manufacturing industries that play a strategic role in capital markets. Specific Background Prior studies emphasize corporate governance, ownership structure, leverage, tangible assets, and market valuation as key determinants of firm performance, while firm size is frequently associated with variations in these relationships. Knowledge Gap Despite extensive research, empirical evidence remains limited regarding Indonesian manufacturing firms, especially studies that jointly examine governance characteristics, financial structure, tangible assets, and market-to-book value with firm size as a moderating variable. Aims This study aims to comprehensively examine the relationships between board size, ownership structure, leverage, tangible assets, and market-to-book value on firm performance, measured by return on assets and return on equity, while assessing the moderating role of firm size. Results Using panel data from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, the findings indicate that leverage, ownership structure, and market-to-book value are significantly associated with firm performance, whereas tangible assets show no significant relationship. Firm size moderates selected relationships, with differing outcomes across performance measures and model specifications. Novelty This study integrates multiple internal firm characteristics within a single analytical framework while explicitly positioning firm size as a moderating factor in the Indonesian manufacturing context. Implications The findings provide empirical insights for corporate managers, investors, and regulators in designing governance structures and financial strategies aligned with firm characteristics in emerging manufacturing markets. Highlights • Board structure, leverage, and ownership are associated with financial performance indicators• Firm size produces varying moderating patterns across performance measures• Market valuation metrics relate differently to accounting-based performance Keywords Firm Performance; Manufacturing Companies; Firm Size; Corporate Governance; Market To Book Value
Obstacle in Elementary Education Classroom Management Barriers in Managing Elementary School Classrooms Rizqiatin Rosa; Nur Annisa Istifarin
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13032

Abstract

General Background: Classroom management is central to the success of learning processes, particularly in elementary education where learners undergo social, emotional, and moral development. Specific Background: Managing classroom dynamics and sustaining student engagement are complex in primary schooling because rule recognition, peer interaction, and discipline formation are still developing. Knowledge Gap: Although classroom management strategies are widely discussed, research detailing contextual obstacles in primary education remains limited and often prioritizes solution-oriented training without sufficiently examining underlying causes of management failure. Aims: This study identifies and analyzes obstacles in elementary classroom management and formulates conceptual recommendations for a conducive, productive, and sustainable learning environment. Results: Using a descriptive qualitative library research approach, the study finds that obstacles are multidimensional, stemming from teacher-related conditions (e.g., authoritarian leadership, monotonous instruction, limited knowledge, weak teacher–student rapport), student-related conditions (e.g., inconsistent behavior, low task responsibility, rule-breaking), family environment (parenting styles shaping discipline and motivation), and learning facilities (limited space, overcrowding, inadequate learning media and tools). These conditions reduce learning quality and contribute to less conducive classroom situations. Novelty: The article consolidates a contextual, factor-based mapping of primary education classroom management obstacles and aligns them with categorized handling domains (teacher authority, school authority, and issues requiring wider stakeholder involvement). Implications: Preventive, corrective, and curative actions—supported by collaboration among teachers, schools, committees, and parents—are indicated as essential pathways for addressing obstacles and guiding policy and strategy formulation in elementary education. Highlights: Obstacles originate from teacher-related conditions, learner conduct, family environment, and school facilities. These obstacles contribute to less conducive learning situations and reduced learning quality. Handling pathways include preventive action, corrective action, curative action, and coordination with school committees and parents. Keywords: Classroom Management, Elementary Education, Teacher Factors, Student Behavior, Learning Facilities
Rosmarinic Acid in Aromatic Herbs: A Green Extraction and HPLC Approach Hadeel S. Abd-Alwahab; Rawaa F. Jawad
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.13033

Abstract

General background: Aromatic herbs from the Lamiaceae family represent valuable sources of rosmarinic acid (RA), a polyphenolic compound with notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective properties. Specific background: Traditional extraction methods such as Soxhlet and maceration consume excessive solvents and time while potentially degrading thermolabile compounds. Knowledge gap: Despite growing interest in green extraction technologies, limited validated protocols exist for combining ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for efficient RA quantification across multiple aromatic species. Aims: This study developed and validated a sustainable UAE-HPLC method for extracting and quantifying RA from six aromatic herbs: Laurus nobilis, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia rosmarinus, Anethum graveolens, Mentha viridis, and Salvia officinalis. Results: Using ethanol:water (70:30 v/v) at 40 kHz and 250 W, optimal extraction occurred within 2.5-10 minutes, with Thymus vulgaris yielding the highest RA concentration (170,500 µg/mL). HPLC analysis demonstrated excellent linearity (R² > 0.998) and reproducibility. Novelty: This approach significantly reduces solvent consumption and extraction time while maintaining analytical precision. Implications: The validated UAE-HPLC platform provides a robust, environmentally friendly analytical framework for sustainable utilization of RA-rich herbs in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.Highlight : UAE offers a rapid, low-solvent, and environmentally friendly approach for extracting RA. Variation in RA yields reflects differences in plant tissue structure and extraction conditions. HPLC provides reliable quantification, supporting accurate and consistent analysis of RA. Keywords : Rosmarinic Acid, Aromatic Herbs, Ultrasound-assisted Extraction, HPLC, Green Extraction
Structural Analysis of Carbapenems and β-Lactamase Resistance Hayder Kadhim Sunaid
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.13036

Abstract

General Background: Carbapenem antibiotics represent a critical class of β-lactam agents widely used to manage severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Specific Background: Their unique structure—particularly the carbon substitution at C-1 and the C2–C3 double bond—confers exceptional stability against β-lactamase-mediated hydrolysis. Knowledge Gap: However, the molecular determinants that govern their interaction with penicillin-binding proteins and resistance to β-lactamases remain insufficiently explained. Aims: This study analyzes the structural characteristics of carbapenems and explains how these features relate to bacterial β-lactamase resistance. Results: Findings show that core structural modifications strengthen carbapenem binding to PBPs, disrupt peptidoglycan cross-linking, and maintain activity against extended-spectrum and metallo-β-lactamase-producing bacteria. Novelty: The work synthesizes current structural–activity insights to clarify how specific molecular configurations preserve carbapenem potency. Implications: These insights support rational drug design for next-generation carbapenems capable of combating emerging resistance threats within clinical settings. Highlights: Structural features of carbapenems determine stability against β-lactamases. Binding to PBPs remains central to their bactericidal activity. Findings support future development of improved carbapenem derivatives. Keywords: Carbapenem, β-Lactamase, Molecular Structure, Antibiotic Resistance, PBPs
Spatial Clustering Of Tourism Investment Potential In Tomohon City: Klasterisasi Spasial Potensi Investasi Pariwisata Kota Tomohon Efraim R. S. Moningkey; Nelsi Timang; Kristofel Santa
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13038

Abstract

General Background: Tourism represents a strategic driver of regional economic development that requires spatially grounded analytical approaches to support investment planning. Specific Background: Tomohon City, a volcanic tourism area in North Sulawesi, contributes substantially to regional economic output but experiences uneven spatial distribution of tourism investment due to accessibility and infrastructural variation. Knowledge Gap: Tourism investment planning in Tomohon has not previously integrated spatial clustering analysis with interactive geovisualization to classify investment potential systematically. Aims: This study aims to analyze and visualize tourism investment potential in Tomohon City using K-Means spatial clustering integrated into a WebGIS platform. Results: Based on 500 tourism sites and indicators including accessibility, visitor volume, supporting facilities, and estimated return on investment, three clusters were identified: high potential areas covering 28% of the region with ROI of 25–35%, medium potential areas covering 52% with ROI of 15–25%, and low potential areas covering 20% with ROI of 5–15%. Novelty: This research introduces an integrated spatial model combining K-Means clustering and WebGIS visualization for tourism investment assessment in a volcanic urban setting. Implications: The results provide a replicable spatial decision-support framework for tourism investment planning aligned with sustainable development objectives. Highlights • Tourism sites are spatially grouped into three investment potential categories• Central urban areas dominate high-return tourism zones• Web-based mapping supports structured spatial decision-making Keywords Spatial Analysis; Tourism Investment; WebGIS; K-Means Clustering; Tomohon City
Qur’anic Reading Skills Development Through Love-Based BTQ Learning: Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Al-Qur’an Melalui Pembelajaran BTQ Berbasis Cinta Fajar Shadiq; Hamka Ilyas; Saprin Saprin
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13039

Abstract

General Background: Qur’anic literacy is a core foundation of Islamic education in pesantren, where reading accuracy and spiritual engagement are inseparable learning objectives. Specific Background: The implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka introduces flexible, student-centered learning principles that must be harmonized with traditional pesantren practices, particularly in Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an (BTQ) instruction. Knowledge Gap: Limited empirical studies have explored how Kurikulum Merdeka can be contextually adapted within pesantren culture through a love-based pedagogical approach to strengthen Qur’anic reading competence. Aims: This study aims to analyze the implementation of love-based BTQ learning within the framework of Kurikulum Merdeka in improving students’ Qur’anic reading skills at Pondok Pesantren Manahilil Ulum DDI Kaballangang, Pinrang. Results: Using a qualitative descriptive approach through observation, interviews, and documentation, the findings show improvements in makhraj accuracy, tajwid application, and reading fluency, supported by humanistic teacher modeling, emotional closeness, differentiated instruction, and structured daily reading habituation. Novelty: This study highlights the integration of Kurikulum Merdeka with a pesantren-based love-centered learning model that combines traditional methods such as sorogan and tahsin with adaptive curricular principles. Implications: The findings provide a contextual framework for pesantren to develop BTQ learning that aligns curricular flexibility with spiritual values, contributing to sustainable Qur’anic literacy development within Islamic boarding schools. Highlights • Improved Qur’anic reading accuracy through structured tahsin and daily habituation• Humanistic teacher modeling strengthened students’ confidence and spiritual engagement• Curriculum flexibility supported differentiated BTQ learning within pesantren culture Keywords Kurikulum Merdeka; Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an; Pesantren Education; Qur’anic Literacy; Love-Based Learning
From Shamanic Fraud to Serial Murder: Reconstructing Criminal Liability and Causation in an Indonesian Case Study: Dari Penipuan Shamanik hingga Pembunuhan Berantai: Rekonstruksi Tanggung Jawab Pidana dan Kausalitas dalam Studi Kasus Indonesia Moses Frederick Purba; Mulyadi Mulyadi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.13040

Abstract

General Background: Fraudulent shamanic practices exploiting beliefs in supernatural money-doubling persist in Indonesia and have escalated into serious violent crimes. Specific Background: The Banjarnegara serial murder case involving a money-doubling shaman revealed a systematic pattern in which fraud preceded and motivated twelve premeditated killings, adjudicated under District Court Decision No. 63/Pid.B/2023/PN Bnr. Knowledge Gap: Prior studies rarely examine the integrated construction of criminal liability combining fraud, premeditated murder, participation, and concursus realis, particularly in comparison with the preventive framework of the new Criminal Code. Aims: This study analyzes the layered application of criminal provisions under the old Criminal Code and compares them with the new Criminal Code to assess proportional accountability and sanctions. Results: The findings show that fraud under Article 378 functioned as the proxima causa triggering premeditated murder under Article 340, aggravated by participation (Article 55) and multiple offenses (Article 65), justifying the imposition of the death penalty despite the introduction of Article 252 of Law No. 1 of 2023. Novelty: The study conceptualizes fraud as a causal foundation for serial premeditated murder within a concursus realis framework. Implications: These findings reinforce the need for integrated repressive and preventive criminal policies to address extraordinary crimes rooted in deceptive supernatural claims. Highlights: Fraud functions as the causal trigger for systematic premeditated murder. Layered application of criminal provisions strengthens proportional accountability. Preventive norms in the new Criminal Code remain insufficient for extraordinary crimes. Keywords: Criminal Liability, Premeditated Murder, Fraudulent Shamanism, Concursus Realis, Death Penalty
Geochemical Signatures of Major Elements in Shintaku Granitic Rocks E.C. Chukwu; B.N. Ekwueme; C.J. Hetherington; K. Werts; A. C. Ugwu; I. Agbi
Academia Open Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.10.2025.13041

Abstract

General Background This study examines the geochemical behavior of granitic rocks in the Shintaku area, a region within the Nigerian Basement Complex where magmatic evolution remains debated due to limited integrated structural–geochemical data. Specific Background Earlier works suggest that Pan-African tectonism produced heterogeneous magmas in southwest Lokoja, yet the mechanisms generating the acidic and intermediate intrusive rocks in this locality are still insufficiently constrained. Knowledge Gap Despite numerous metamorphic studies, the petrogenesis and geochemical pathways of the granitic bodies in southeastern Lokoja have not been comprehensively analyzed using modern analytical techniques. Aims This research investigates magma sources, fractionation trends, and alumina saturation indices to reconstruct the magmatic evolution of the Shintaku granites. Results Major element compositions show enrichment in SiO2, Al2O3, and alkalis, with smooth Harker trends implying fractional crystallization, while rough trends indicate partial melting and magma mixing. The coexistence of metaluminous and peraluminous signatures, along with subalkaline affinities, supports heterogeneous mantle–crust melt interaction. Novelty This study provides the first integrated petrographic and geochemical characterization of the Shintaku granites using XRF, SEM, and LA-ICP-MS datasets. Implications Findings refine the petrogenetic model of southeastern Lokoja and offer a stronger basis for assessing mineralization potential and regional tectonomagmatic evolution.Highlight : Highlights major compositional variations that reflect the influence of magma fractionation. Emphasizes evidence of partial melting and magma mixing as drivers of magma heterogeneity. Confirms the S-type granitoid character linked to peraluminous supracrustal sources. Keywords : Granitic Rocks, Magmatic Fractionation, Fractional Crystallization, Partial Melting, Magma Mixing
Analysis of the Role of Hedonic Shopping Motivation, Shopping Lifestyle, and Positive Emotion on Impulse Buying: Analisis Peran Motivasi Belanja Hedonis, Gaya Hidup Belanja, dan Emosi Positif terhadap Pembelian Impulsif Jovita Roseina Nariswari; Nurul Azizah
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13043

Abstract

General Background The expansion of popular culture and digitalization has reshaped contemporary consumption patterns, particularly among young consumers who increasingly engage in unplanned purchasing of musician merchandise. Specific Background Within Indonesian music fan communities, official merchandise functions not only as a product but also as a medium of emotional attachment and identity expression, as observed in the Team Hindia Surabaya community. Knowledge Gap Despite growing impulse buying tendencies in music fandoms, limited empirical evidence addresses the internal psychological and lifestyle factors underlying this behavior in Indonesian indie music communities. Aims This study aims to examine the roles of hedonic shopping motivation, shopping lifestyle, and positive emotion in impulse buying of Band Hindia merchandise among Team Hindia Surabaya members. Results Using a quantitative explanatory approach with Partial Least Squares analysis on 285 respondents, the findings show that all three variables are positively and significantly associated with impulse buying, with hedonic shopping motivation demonstrating the strongest contribution. Novelty This research provides context-specific evidence from an Indonesian indie music fan community, extending impulse buying literature beyond general e-commerce settings. Implications The results highlight the importance of emotional experience and shopping-oriented lifestyles in understanding spontaneous merchandise purchasing, offering relevant insights for cultural merchandise marketing and consumer behavior research within fandom-based communities. Highlights: Emotional pleasure during purchasing shows the strongest association with spontaneous buying behavior. Trend-oriented and habitual purchasing patterns are linked to unplanned merchandise acquisition. Pleasant emotional states during shopping coincide with higher tendencies toward spontaneous purchases. Keywords: Hedonic Shopping Motivation, Shopping Lifestyle, Positive Emotion, Impulse Buying
Purse Seine Fleet Optimization with E-Logbook Data in GoronPost-Election Communication Drives Reconciliation in Tallung Ura Villagetalo Fisheries: Komunikasi Pasca Pilkada Mendorong Rekonsiliasi di Desa Tallung Ura Mutia Husnah; Haidir Fitra Siagian; Anggriani Alamsyah; Arifuddin Arifuddin; Kamaluddin Tajibu
Academia Open Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13044

Abstract

General Background: Local elections in Indonesia frequently trigger polarization, damaged social relations, and prolonged distrust within communities. Specific Background: In Tallung Ura Village, Enrekang Regency, the 2024 election created social fragmentation, emotional tension, and disrupted daily interactions among residents. Knowledge Gap: Limited research addresses reconciliation models that apply communication strategies integrating religious values and local cultural wisdom in rural settings. Aims: This study analyzes the roles of communicators, communication mechanisms, and strategies that support post-election reconciliation. Using a qualitative case study, data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation with religious leaders, village authorities, and community actors. Results: Reveal that local communicators acted as mediators delivering persuasive, empathetic messages; open dialogue and personal mediation reduced tensions; and strategies grounded in Islamic teachings and cultural values such as sipakatau, sipakalebbi, and sipakainge rebuilt trust and social cohesion. Novelty: Lies in presenting a reconciliatory communication model based on spiritual guidance, cultural identity, and participatory mechanisms unique to Tallung Ura and rarely examined in political reconciliation literature. Implications: Indicate that strengthening mediator capacity and establishing communication forums may provide a transferable framework for restoring grassroots harmony and preventing recurring conflict in similar post-election contexts. Highlights • Mediators used persuasive and empathetic communication to reduce tensions.• Religious principles and cultural values supported sustainable reconciliation.• Structured dialogue forums restored trust and rebuilt social cohesion. KeywordsPost-Election Communication; Reconciliation Strategy; Local Mediators; Cultural Values; Social Cohesion

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