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Dicha Yuliadewi Rahmawati
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Faculty of Dentistry Maranatha Christian University Jl. Surya Sumantri No.65, Sukawarna, Kec. Sukajadi, Kota Bandung 40164, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Sonde (Sound of Dentistry)
Published by Universitas Kristen Maranatha
ISSN : 24608580     EISSN : 26851822     DOI : https://doi.org/10.28932/sod
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) is an open access journal under management of Faculty of Dentistry Maranatha Christian University which present original research articles, review articles, and case report that sounding the innovation and recent development in dentistry. SONDE is covering all area of dentistry, including oral biology; dental material science and technology; oral and maxillofacial surgery; pedodontics; dental public health, epidemiology, preventive and community dentistry; conservative dentistry; periodontics; prosthodontics; orthodontics; oral medicine; dentomaxillofacial radiology; forensic dentistry as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. We accept publication in Bahasa Indonesia or English. The publication biannually published online on March and September each year.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Gigi - Perawatan Gigi
Articles 88 Documents
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Surgical Management of Mandibular Angle Fracture in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report Nabilla Soraya Fajarina Putri; Annisa Anindya; Friska Auriani; Hendra Sukawijaksa
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Introduction: Mandibular fractures in pediatric and adolescent patients pose unique challenges due to active facial growth and differing biomechanical properties of bone. Treatment planning in adolescents must carefully balance surgical stability and preservation of growth potential. The mandibular angle is a common site of fracture, often resulting from high-impact trauma. Aim of this case report is to describes the surgical management of a right mandibular angle fracture in adolescent using open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) combined with intermaxillary fixation. Case report: A 16-year-old male presented with right jaw pain persisting for one week following a motor vehicle accident. Extraoral examination revealed facial asymmetry, edema, and hematoma in the right chin region. Intraoral findings included trismus, edema and erythema in the gingiva of region 48, posterior open bite, and malocclusion. Panoramic radiography revealed a step deformity at the right mandibular angle. The diagnosis was a right mandibular angle fracture and treated with ORIF followed by intermaxillary fixation using arch bars. Three week postoperative follow-up, the fracture was well stabilized, occlusion had returned to normal, and minimal postoperative complications were noted. Discussion: ORIF and temporary intermaxillary fixation provided adequate stabilization without interfering with developing structures. Prompt intervention and careful surgical planning resulted in proper fracture healing and restoration of function. Conclusion: ORIF combined with intermaxillary fixation is a reliable treatment option for mandibular angle fractures in adolescents. Early recognition, proper surgical planning, and appropriate follow-up are essential to achieve favorable functional and esthetic outcomes without compromising facial growth. Keywords: Adolescent, Intermaxillary fixation, Mandibular angle fracture, ORIF
Sleep Bruxism in a Child with Sleep Disturbances and Psychosocial Factors: A Multidisciplinary Case Report Cut Meutia Fitriani; Arlette Suzy Setiawan
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Introduction: Sleep bruxism (SB) is a parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth during sleep. In children, SB may lead to severe tooth attrition, restoration failure, and impaired sleep quality, often influenced by psychosocial factors. Early and multidisciplinary intervention is crucial to prevent further oral and functional complications. Methods: This case report describes the comprehensive management of a child diagnosed with severe sleep bruxism. Clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted, and the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ – Abbreviated) was administered to assess sleep quality and behavioral patterns. Dental management included restorative treatment and occlusal protection, combined with sleep hygiene education and family counseling. Case Report: A 5-year-old girl presented with a damaged and dislodged bioflex crown, accompanied by severe attrition of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Conclusion: Severe sleep bruxism in children requires a multidisciplinary approach addressing dental, behavioral, and psychosocial factors. SSC restoration, acrylic occlusal splint, and sleep hygiene education proved effective in protecting dentition and improving the patient’s sleep and well-being.
Early Orthodontic Intervention with Eruption Guidance Appliances for Class II Malocclusion: Evidence Mapping Through a Scoping Review Putu Swastiantari; Arlette Suzy Setiawan
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Introduction: Class II malocclusion is a prevalent orthodontic condition in children that can cause both functional and esthetic challenges if not addressed early. The early mixed dentition period offers a critical window for interceptive treatment. Eruption guidance appliances (EGAs) are removable functional devices designed to direct tooth eruption and potentially stimulate favorable skeletal growth. This scoping review aims to map existing evidence on the use of EGAs in treating Class II malocclusion during early mixed dentition. Methods: Following the PRISMA-ScR framework, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest up to July 2025. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria involving children aged 6–9 years with Class II malocclusion treated using EGAs, with reported skeletal and/or dentoalveolar outcomes. Data were extracted on study design, population, intervention protocols, outcomes, and conclusions. Results: Five eligible studies were included, comprising randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case report. Most reported significant dentoalveolar improvements such as reduced overjet, overbite, and molar relationship correction. Skeletal changes were modest but consistent, notably in mandibular advancement and ANB angle reduction. Discussion: EGAs demonstrated favorable outcomes by enhancing dental development and moderately influencing skeletal growth. However, study heterogeneity, limited sample sizes, and short follow-up durations were common limitations. Conclusion: EGAs are promising interceptive tools for early Class II correction, offering non-invasive benefits in guiding eruption and promoting mild skeletal adaptation. Further well-designed longitudinal trials are needed to confirm long-term effectiveness and establish clinical protocols.
From Genes to Teeth: A Scoping Review on Dental Anomalies and Dentition Alterations in Genetic Syndromes Nadia Syifa Amira; Inne Suherna Sasmita
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Introduction: Genetic disorders, resulting from specific gene mutations, often impair systemic growth and craniofacial development, with manifestations extending to the oral cavity. Many syndromes present with odontogenesis alterations, including tooth anomalies in morphology, size, number, enamel integrity, and eruption timing. These dental phenotypes may serve as an early diagnostic indicator for multidisciplinary care. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO was performed for studies published from January 2015 to June 2025. Of 184 records, 9 met the inclusion criteria. Results: Distinct syndrome-specific dental patterns were identified. Turner syndrome mainly associated with supernumerary teeth, while Otodental syndrome showed globodontia. Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome revealed delayed eruption, microdontia, and agenesis. Down syndrome presented with agenesis and delayed eruption. Williams syndrome was characterized by microdontia and diastema, whereas Wilson’s disease showed dens invaginatus. PHACE syndrome presented root anomalies, Ehlers–Danlos syndromes showed enamel hypoplasia and dentin defects, and Blepharocheilodontic syndrome demonstrated tooth agenesis and conical teeth. These patterns correlated with mutations in odontogenesis-related genes. Discussion: Dental anomalies represent consistent phenotypic manifestations in genetic syndromes. Each syndrome exhibits distinct abnormalities, as specific mutations result in variations in morphology, size, density, growth, eruption, and overall development, thereby highlighting genotype–phenotype correlations. Dentition changes may serve as non-invasive diagnostic markers, with genetic insights guiding therapy. Conclusion: Dental anomalies and dentition alterations contribute a significant phenotypic component in many genetic syndromes. Their recognition, alongside genetic testing, can improve diagnostic accuracy and promote comprehensive interdisciplinary management. Further research should refine genotype–phenotype mapping to optimize interdisciplinary care. Key word: Dental anomalies, genetic syndromes, dentition changes, supernumerary teeth, hypodontia, dens invaginatus, craniofacial abnormalities.
Metabolomic Profiling of Saliva in Pediatric Dental Caries: A Scoping Review Rosely Lydia Ingkiriwang; Arlette Suzy Setiawan
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Introduction : Dental caries is one of the most common chronic oral diseases in children. Its development involves complex interactions among diet, oral microbiota, host factors, and saliva. Salivary metabolomics, the analysis of small molecules in saliva, has emerged as a promising approach to identify biomarkers associated with caries. This scoping review aims to map the existing evidence on salivary metabolomics in pediatric caries, focusing on analytical methods, major findings, and clinical implications. Methods : Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched for English-language articles published between 2015 and 2025. Eligible studies included participants ≤18 years old, applied validated metabolomic platforms, and investigated salivary metabolites in relation to dental caries. Studies not using saliva, involving adults, systemic diseases, or non-metabolomic approaches were excluded. Results and Discussion : Eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. NMR and LC-MS were the most common platforms. Frequently reported metabolites elevated in caries-active children included acetate, lactate, formate, and certain amino acids such as tyrosine and glycine. These metabolic shifts reflect bacterial activity and amino acid breakdown. However, methodological differences limited comparability across studies, and evidence from longitudinal or predictive modeling studies remains scarce. Conclusion : Salivary metabolomics offers promise for identifying non-invasive biomarkers of pediatric caries. While preliminary data are encouraging, consistent methodologies and larger studies are needed to validate metabolomic markers for early diagnosis and caries risk assessment.
Efektivitas Edukasi Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Menggunakan Media Flipchart Dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Siswa Sekolah Dasar Caesary Cloudya Panjaitan; Goalbertus .; Khairunnisa Salsabilla
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Latar belakang: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak masih tergolong tinggi akibat rendahnya pengetahuan dan kebiasaan menjaga kebersihan gigi yang belum terbentuk. Data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023 menunjukkan bahwa 50,9% masyarakat mengalami masalah gigi dan mulut dengan perilaku menyikat gigi yang benar hanya 3,4%. Pemberian edukasi dengan media yang menarik terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya siswa sekolah dasar. Flipchart merupakan salah satu media yang banyak digunakan karena memiliki visualisasi yang menarik dan sesuai dengan karakteristik usia siswa serta mudah dalam pembuatan dan penggunaannya. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efektivitas media flipchart dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut siswa sekolah dasar. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan quasi-experimental dengan rancangan pretest dan posttest design pada siswa kelas III SDN 146/VIII Rejosari, Jambi berjumlah 45 siswa. Pengetahuan diukur menggunakan kuesioner berisi 19 pernyataan mengenai kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebelum dan sesudah edukasi. Pengetahuan siswa dikategorikan menjadi baik, cukup, dan kurang dilanjutkan uji bivariat menggunakan uji wilcoxon. Hasil: Hampir seluruh pernyataan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan sesudah edukasi. pengetahuan dengan kategori baik sebesar 6,67%, kategori cukup sebesar 33,33%, dan kategori kurang sebesar 60%. Sedangkan setelah edukasi, terjadi peningkatan pada kategori baik menjadi 44,44%, penurunan pada kategori cukup menjadi 28,89%, dan kategori kurang menjadi 26,67%. Hasil uji beda pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi menggunakan media flipchart didapatkan p < 0,001. Kesimpulan: Media flipchart terbukti efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut siswa sekolah dasar.  
Comprehensive Management of Extensive Root Defect in Maxillary Molar Using Pre-Endodontic Build-Up and Adhesive Onlay: A Case Report Tanjung, Steven; Hidayat, Opik Taofik
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Background: Managing teeth with extensive root defects from secondary caries in failed restorations poses a significant clinical challenge, especially when restoration margins approach or extend beyond the gingival margin. Objective: To describe comprehensive endodontic and restorative management of a maxillary second molar with a severe root defect. Case Report: A 55-year-old woman presented with thermal sensitivity and a history of spontaneous radiating pain in the upper left posterior region. Clinical examination revealed a defective composite restoration with ICDAS 3, 2 root caries on tooth #17. Radiographs confirmed pulp involvement associated with an extensive defect on the distal surface of the root. The diagnosis was asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis with normal apical tissues. After local anesthesia and complete caries removal, a pre-endodontic build-up was performed using a sectional matrix system (Palodent® V3, Dentsply Sirona, USA) to reconstruct coronal walls and minimize contamination risk during root canal therapy. Biomechanical preparation was done with reciprocating NiTi instruments (Reciproc Blue®, VDW, Germany) followed by single-cone obturation with a bioceramic sealer. The final restoration was digitally designed using an intraoral scanner and CAD software. An indirect lithium disilicate adhesive onlay was selected to restore occlusal function. At follow-up, the tooth showed no symptomp and functionally stable. Conclusion: The integration of pre-endodontic build-up with indirect adhesive restoration offers a conservative and effective approach for managing posterior teeth with extensive root defects, preserving structural integrity and ensuring long-term clinical success.
Middle Mesial Canal Identification and Endodontic Management of the Mandibular First Molar with Five Canals: A Case Report Anggaraini, Marita; Irmaleny, Irmaleny
SONDE (Sound of Dentistry) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): SONDE (Sound of Dentistry)
Publisher : Maranatha Christian University

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Introduction: The middle mesial canal (MMC) is an anatomical variation occasionally encountered in mandibular first molars and often overlooked during endodontic treatment, potentially compromising clinical outcomes. This case report underscores the importance of recognizing and managing an MMC in five-canals mandibular molar. Methods: A 16-year-old male presented with lingering pain in the lower right posterior region. Clinical and radiographic findings led to a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis in tooth #46. Canal exploration employed SLOB radiographic technique, magnification, ultrasonic troughing, and application of Krasner and Rankow’s laws. Five canal orifices were located—three in the mesial root, including a middle mesial canal, and two in the distal root. Canal preparation was achieved using Reciproc Blue instruments, coupled with passive ultrasonic irrigation for enhanced debridement. Obturation was performed with gutta-percha and a bioceramic sealer, chosen for its superior flowability and bioactivity. A full-coverage indirect overlay was placed to reinforce the remaining tooth structure. Results: At one-month follow-up, the patient reported complete resolution of symptoms, with radiographs showing well-obturated canals, intact periapical structures, and a functional restoration. Discussion: The presence of an MMC demands meticulous assessment and advanced visualization techniques. Knowledge of pulpal anatomy, effective instrumentation, and appropriate restorative choices are essential for long-term success. Conclusion: Successful endodontic outcomes depend on comprehensive canal identification, effective disinfection and obturation, and appropriate post-endodontic restoration.

Page 9 of 9 | Total Record : 88

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