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African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Published by Lembaga Yasin Alsys
ISSN : -     EISSN : 15957942     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58578/AJSTM
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine aims to publish rigorous, peer-reviewed research that advances scientific knowledge in natural and life sciences while promoting analytically grounded and evidence-informed scholarship in traditional medicine and related biological fields. • Scientific Advancement: disseminate high-quality studies that deepen understanding in biological, biochemical, environmental, and health-related sciences. • Traditional Medicine Research: encourage scientifically grounded research on plant medicine, phytomedicine, bioactive compounds, and traditional therapeutic knowledge. • Life-Science Integration: promote interdisciplinary links among biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, toxicology, biotechnology, parasitology, and health sciences. • Application and Relevance: support studies with meaningful implications for public health, medicinal resource development, environmental health, and agricultural or biomedical applications.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 67 Documents
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Hypoglycaemic Potential of Methanol Stem-Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats and Its Toxicity Effect to Liver and Kidney Isaac John Umaru; Nkiri Annasthesia Ekubnse; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Chakfa Nanmar
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3358

Abstract

Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. Mango possesses anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti- oxidant, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties. This research focuses on the hyperglycemic and antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mango tree in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats to combat its fatal consequences in humans. This work is carried out to determine the hypoglycemic capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration, to also determine the antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration and to test the efficacy of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Fresh stem bark (trunk) of Mangifera indica were collected in the Federal University Wukari school premises, were air dried for 21 days, pounded into powder, cold macerated in methanol, filtered and extract was gotten. 27 diseased-free (healthy) albino rats which were purchased at Yola, Adamawa State, were kept in different cages to enable proper analysis at the cause of the work. Results of liver function indices showed that treatments with 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract were able to restore liver function parameters at different levels of concentrations. Treatments with standard drug and all the doses of the extract were able to counteract the elevated effect of alloxan in some kidney parameters such as serum urea level at 200mg/kg with (25.23±1.98a) and (1.05 ±0.14a) for creatinine at 200mg/kg respectively. The result of this study shows that the stem back extract possessed as an agent for hypoglycaemic. These can serve as possible source of raw material for pharmaceutical products. However, the extract is found not to be harmful to the liver and kidney and should be used as health remedy for certain diseases such as hyperglycaemic and bacterial effects.
Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-Microbial and Anti-Tuberculosis Activities of Methanol Extract of Piliostigma Thonnigii Leaves Extract Daniel W. Malgwi; Saleem Sule Zarto; Rakiya D. Adamu; Farimani B. Dowell
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3359

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-tuberculosis, and phytochemical screening properties of a crude extract of P. thoningii leaves from the Girei local government area in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Standard procedures were used for phytochemical screening, and the disc diffusion method was used for evaluations of antibacterial sensitivity and anti-tuberculosis activity. When leaves extract was screened phytochemically, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, terpenoid, quinone, and resins were found, but tannin and saponins were not. The greatest concentration of 500 ug/ml was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity against various pathogens. The results indicated that the zone of inhibition for E. Coli was 19 mm, for Staphyloccocus aureu it was 17 mm, for Salmonella typhi it was 20 mm, for Klabsiella pneumonia it was 26 mm, and for pseudomonas it was 22 mm. With a positive control of streptomycine, 30 ug at 28 mm inhibitory zone, anti-tuberculosis activity shown that the bacteria growth was suppressed at different concentrations of 500 ug/ml (12 mm), 250 ug/ml (9 mm), 125 ug/ml (8 mm), and 6.25 ug/ml (7 mm) growth. This study highlights the P. thoningii plant's potential as a source for the development of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Methanol Stem–Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Chakfa Nanmar; Isaac John Umaru
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3360

Abstract

Medicinal plants have served through the ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of variety of diseases. The history of herbal medicine is as old as human civilization. The plants are known to provide a rich source of botanical anthelmintic, antibacterial and insecticides. Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. In antibacterial analysis, higher growth inhibition rate was observed at 400 ug/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia with 20.55 + 1.26μg/mL indicating that the extract has effect at a higher concentration than when treated at a lower concentration. In blood glucose level analysis, administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract showed reduced blood glucose level in day 14 with 5.11 ± 0.14a of treatment when compared to normal control.
Analyzing the Mathematical Impact of Vaccination in Mitigating Rift Valley Fever Spread among Livestock Olopade I. A; Akinwumi T. O; Ajao S. O; Mohammed I. T; Sangoniyi S. O; Adeniran G. A; Bello B. O; Adewale S. O
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3361

Abstract

The persistence mechanisms of Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic arboviral hemorrhagic fever, are not fully understood and need thorough quantification at both local and broader geographical scales. Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, predominantly affecting livestock with the potential to impact humans. The virus has the capacity for rapid spread, posing a potential epidemic threat to both human and the livestock. The transmission dynamics of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) involving mosquitoes and livestock are investigated and analyzed through a compartmental model, with vaccination considered as a control measure. The basic reproduction number ( ) is calculated using the next-generation matrix, indicating that the disease-free equilibrium state is locally asymptotically stable when ( ). This suggests that Rift Valley Fever could be controlled in a livestock population where the reproduction number is below 1, but it becomes endemic when ( ). Sensitivity analysis identifies key parameters for consideration by livestock policy makers and veterinary workers. Numerical simulations offer insightful results to delve deeper into the disease dynamics, considering the efficacy of vaccination and other control measures introduced in the model.
Modification and Application of Dye Extract from Tectona Grandis on Cotton Fabric Y Joshua; M. A. Ago; A. Alheri; F.R Ujah
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3362

Abstract

The natural dye was extracted from Tectona grandis using a soxhlet extractor, and a percentage yield of 16.84% was obtained. The color of the dye extract is maroon, and after the dye extract was modified, the color changed to brown. The modified dye was characterized using FTIR, AMF, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The results of the FTIR suggested the presence of C-H, C=C, C=O, N-H, C-O-C, C-Cl, and C-Br functional groups. The AFM suggests that the area roughness is 629.9 nm in the 25μm×25μm scan area. The UV shows a maximum wavelength of 581 nm with an absorbance of 0.074. The chromophore of the modified dye extract is -N=N- and C=O. The modified dye was applied to the cotton fabrics. The color fastness to washing shows that 3–4 and 4 were experienced for color change and staining, respectively, while the color fastness to rubbing shows that 4-5 and 4 were experienced for dry and wet rubbing, respectively. The outcome of color fastness shows that the modified dye has a good affinity to remain on the fabric. We therefore recommend the use of different kinds of mordants to improve the affinity of cotton fabric.
Hepato-Safety Effect of the Poly-Herbal Aqueous Extract Using Animal Model Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel; Christabel Osemudiame Uwaokhonye; Emmanuel Ola Oshomoh
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i2.3460

Abstract

Poly-herbal formulation has been used all around the world due to its medicinal and therapeutic applications. These effects encompass mutual enhancement, mutual assistance, mutual restraint, and mutual antagonism.This research investigated the impact of a poly-herbal aqueous extract on the liver protective effect in Wistar rats. Plant samples were collected and processed into an extract. Twenty Wistar rats were divided into control group and graded doses (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) of the poly-herbal aqueous extract. The rats were orally administered graded doses of the extract for 28 days. Various hepatic function tests (Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Total Bilirubin, Conjugated Bilirubin, Albumin, and Total Protein), were evaluated using standard protocol. The results indicated a significant increase in Aspartate Aminotransferase, total protein, and Globulin levels across the different doses when compared to the control group. A decrease in the Alkaline Phosphatase levels across the lowest doses. A significant decrease in Alanine Transferase, Total Bilirubin, Conjugated Bilirubin, and Albumin levels was observed across graded doses compared to the control group. In conclusion, this finding agreed with the report of the folklore findings on the poly-herbal aqueous extract with hepato-protective effect.
Antioxidant and Chromatographic Profile of Ganoderma lucidum MacDonald Idu; Susan Omo Okojie; Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel; John  A.  Okhuoya
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i2.3475

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus which possesses a wide range of biological activities due to its nutritional, antioxidant and therapeutic values. This study examine the antioxidant and phytochemical properties of G. lucidum aqueous extracts in Sample A (boiled for 1 hour) and Sample B (boiled for 3 hours). The antioxidant activity and DPPH radical-scavenging assay were determined using standard procedures, while further phytochemical composition of the extracts was determined through chromatographic analysis. Sample A demonstrated higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (67.85%) while Sample B, displayed an increased trend with time compared with ascorbate. Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) analysis, revealed Sample A with higher TAC (56.79 mg/ml) than Sample B (51.71 mg/ml). Phytochemical composition of G. lucidum aqueous extracts exhibited higher percentage of alkaloids at Sample A (3.00 ± 0.12%) and TAC (56.79 ± 0.04 µg/ml), while Sample B displayed higher percentages of saponins (8.00 ± 0.12%), flavonoids (51.50 ± 0.77 µg/ml), proanthocyanidins (38.23 ± 0.18 µg/ml), phenols (16.18 ± 0.07 µg/ml), and FRAP (64.00 ± 2.00 mg/ml). Chromatographic profiles illustrated that both samples displayed 32 peaks, with varying constituents. The highest peak in Sample A was recorded at PEAK 22 (31.317), while in Sample B was observed at PEAK 37 (35.927). These peaks represented different identified constituents, including Pyrrolidine, 1-methyl-3, 2'-spiro-benzo-1, 3-dioxolane-Benzene, 1,3,5-tris(2,2-dimethylpropyl)-2-iodo-4-nitro-Propanamide, and 2,2-dimethyl-N-(3-methylphenyl)-. These findings provide insights into the potential health benefits associated with G. lucidum and guide further exploration of its bioactive compounds.
Biorenal Effects of the Polyherbal (Andrographis paniculata, Annona muricata, Zingiber officinale) Aqueous Extract on Wistar Rats Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel; Ehonwa Lisa Osawese; Emmanuel Oshomoh
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i2.3476

Abstract

There has been a reliance on medicinal plant parts and their extracts for the prevention and treatment of diseases throughout history. Toxicological studies have now shown concern on the unavailability of standard dosage for the treatment of these substances that causes for concern. This study evaluated the bio-renal safety of the polyherbal aqueous extract of in Wistar rats. The aqueous extracts were obtained using standard methods. A total of 25 adult rats were used and administered to the tested groups for 28 days. Kidney function test was carried out together with histopathological evaluations of the kidneys of the rats. The results obtained showed that urea, creatinine, Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO- concentrations across 25-57 mg/dl, 0.1-0.8 mg/dl, 134-142 μmol/l, 4.4-4.9 μmol/l, 96-103 μmol/l and 21-28 μmol/l, had no significant difference at graded doses of the treatment groups respectively. These results were in the normal range when compared with the control. The histopathological study of the kidney tissues showed normal architectural structures with visible renal corpuscles and distinct tubules. In conclusion, the polyherbal aqueous extract had no adverse effects across the tested animals at graded doses. However, further research is recommended for drug evaluation.
Effects of Methanol Extract of Gongronema Latifolium Leaves on Glycaemic Responses to Carbohydrate Diets in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Udeh Sylvester M. C; Nwodo O. F. C; Yakubu O. E; Ale E. M; Parker E. J; Egba S; Anaduaka E; Ugwu O. P; Ude C. M; Iornenge T. J; Danjuma J
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3490

Abstract

The search for natural plant extract as an alternative therapy to diabetes management has received enormous recognition globally. In this study, the effects of the methanol extracts of Gongronema latifolium leaves (GLE) on glycaemic responses to carbohydrate diets [obtained from cassava (Manihot esculenta), yam (Dioscorea rotundata) and plantain (Musa paradisiaca)] in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Forty five adult male Wistar albino rats were induced diabetes by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg b.w.) dissolved in citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The diabetic rats were divided into nine groups of 5 animals each. Group 1: the Positive control (diabetic, untreated) was fed with water only, group 2: the standard control (diabetic, treated) received 2.50mg/kg b.w of glibenclamide, a standard drug for diabetes, group 3, 4 ad 5 (carbohydrate diets treated only) were orally fed with 200 mg/kg b.w. of cassava diet, 200 mg/kg b.w. of yam diet and 200 mg/kg b.w. of plantain diet respectively, group 6, 7 ad 8 (GLE mixed with carbohydrate diets treated) were orally fed with 200 mg/kg b.w. of cassava mixed with 100 mg/kg b.w. of GLE, 200 mg/kg b.w. of yam mixed with 100 mg/kg b.w. of GLE and 200 mg/kg b.w. of plantain mixed with 100 mg/kg b.w. of GLE respectively, while group 9 (GLE treated only) was fed with 100 mg/kg b.w. of GLE only. The experiment lasted for 21 days with free access to feed and water. Animals’ weights were measured on weekly basis as well as estimation of fasting blood sugar (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PBG). Results revealed that, administration of carbohydrate diets led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in body weights of the diabetic rats fed with carbohydrate diets. Conversely, administration of the GLE mixed with the diets caused a significant (p > 0.05) increase in body weights of the diabetic rats compared to the positive control. However, treatment with GLE alone showed a more effectuality which is comparable to that of the standard drug in restoring weight loss. In addition, the results of blood glucose estimation revealed a significant (p < 0.05) elevation in both fasting blood glucose (FBG) and Postprandial blood glucose (PBG) in animals fed with carbohydrate diets when compared to the positive control, but a significant (p < 0.05) decrease was observed in both parameters upon the admiistration of GLE mixed with carbohydrate diets. Similarly, administration of GLE alone caused an increase in both FBG and PBG which was significant (p < 0.05) compared to group fed with GLE mixed with carbohydrate diets. Howbeit, GLE elicited more potent and efficacious response when compared to the standard drug. Herein, we therefore deduce that methanolic extracts of G. latifolium leaves exhibited hypoglycaemic responses in the diabetic rats and the plant could be a worthwhile candidate in the design of a potent antidiabetic drug.
Genetic Characterization of Tilapia Fish Species in the University Fish Farm, Umudike, Niger Delta, Eastern Nigeria Akpevwe Efe Okere; Igbani Flourizel; Uka Anyaele
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3491

Abstract

This study was aimed at identification and characterization of tilapia species farmed in the University Fish Farm Umudike. Dichotonomous key was employed in the application of morphometric and meristic parameters in the characterization. Molecular characterization was carried out using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primer by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification. A total of three hundred (300) fish samples suspected to be tilapia were collected from the University Fish Farm for the study. Eleven (11) morphometric and five (5) meristic counts were studied. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from the caudal fin tissues of sixty- six (66) samples from the three hundred fish samples using the Chlorophenol Isoamyl alcohol Method. Morphometric and meristic parameters were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) which separated all sampled tilapia species statistically into three different groups, showing specifically the parameters that accounted for this variation. The first 7 components explained 91.382 % total variability among the groups with body depth cosntributing 25.226 %, body weight 50.133 %, total length 5.969 %, standard length 3.9178 %, caudal peduncle 3.406 %, head length 3.1518 %, dorsal fin base length contributing 2.6903 % of the total variability. Cluster analysis (CA) was based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient. The study revealed mostly polymorphic bands from all 10 RAPD primers with a size ranged from 300 – 1000 base pairs (bp). Wide range of intra specific variation was observed within the species. Results obtained revealed that 3 distinct groups of tilapia with resemblance of Oreochromis niloticus, Sarotherodon galilaeus and Hemichromis fasciatus were present in the University fish farm. From the study, body depth and length of caudal peduncle were some of the natural markers that successfully separated all sampled species. The information obtained from this study in future could be employed in improvement programme for enhanced economic benefit of tilapia faming in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU) Fish Farm.

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