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Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy
Published by Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30906148     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36685/jhsp
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy adalah jurnal ilmiah yang ditinjau oleh rekan sejawat, yang berfokus pada publikasi penelitian berkualitas tinggi di bidang ilmu kesehatan dan farmasi. Jurnal ini menyediakan platform bagi akademisi, peneliti, dan profesional kesehatan untuk berbagi temuan penelitian terbaru, inovasi klinis, dan kemajuan teknologi di bidang terkait kesehatan. Cakupan jurnal meliputi farmakologi, farmakokinetik, formulasi obat, manajemen farmasi, kesehatan masyarakat, epidemiologi, kesehatan lingkungan, kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja, promosi kesehatan, nutrisi klinis, kedokteran preventif, dan kebijakan kesehatan. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Farmasi menerbitkan artikel penelitian asli, tinjauan sistematis, laporan kasus, dan komunikasi singkat yang memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap perkembangan ilmu kesehatan. Dengan standar editorial yang ketat dan proses peninjauan rekan sejawat yang komprehensif, jurnal ini berkomitmen untuk menerbitkan penelitian berbasis bukti yang dapat diterapkan dalam praktik klinis dan memiliki dampak positif pada peningkatan kualitas layanan kesehatan dan pengembangan strategi pengobatan yang lebih efektif dan aman di Indonesia dan global.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 112 Documents
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Health Implications of Domestic Wastewater Treatment Through Biofilter Technology: A Review Rezki Aulia; Nur Indriyani; Melna puspita Sari; Zahratun Nisa
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1736

Abstract

Background: Domestic wastewater management plays a crucial role in environmental conservation and improving public health. In areas with limited access to centralized treatment networks, biofilter technology can be an effective, affordable, and sustainable solution for managing household wastewater. Objectives: The purpose of this literature review is to examine and combine the latest findings related to the application, level of effectiveness, and various determining factors of the performance of biofilter technology in treating domestic wastewater. Method: This study uses a systematic literature review method by analyzing 25 related national and international journals from Google Scholar published between 2020-2025. Results: Based on the analysis results, biofilter technology, especially the anaerobic-aerobic system and the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR), has been proven to be able to reduce the concentration of major pollutant parameters with high consistency. Data shows the efficiency of reducing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) reaching 89%, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 87% and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) up to 96%. The performance of this system is increasingly optimal when combined with supporting technologies such as filtration and phytoremediation (hybrid systems). Several determining factors for successful implementation include the type of filter media used, operational conditions (pH, temperature, and flow rate), and active community involvement. Conclusion: Wastewater treatment, both from households and industries, is rapidly evolving with the use of technologies such as anaerobic-aerobic biofilters, combining AOP with biological processes, vermifiltration, and the reuse of treated water for irrigation and green spaces. These technologies can meet environmental standards and support sustainability, cost efficiency, and resource conservation. While challenges remain, continued innovation in this area points to a brighter and more environmentally friendly future in wastewater management. Keywords: Biofilms, biological oxygen, bioreactors, oxygen, hidrogen-ion concentration  
Clean Water Treatment for Public Health: A Literature Review of Coagulation, Flocculation, Sedimentation, Filtration, and Disinfection Processes Ramadhan Tosepu; Anggun Anggun; Wa Ode Maulana; Gita Marzan Cahyani; Yuyun Sri Mustika
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1737

Abstract

Background: Access to clean water is a fundamental right essential for public health, but air pollution by pathogens, heavy metals, and organic particles remains a global risk. Air treatment processes such as conventional coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection are essential to ensure safe air quality. This study examines the effectiveness of these processes based on current research. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to analyze relevant literature on clean water treatment for public health through a literature review on coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Method: This study uses a systematic literature review method by analyzing 25 related national and international journals from Google Scholar published between 2020-2025. Results: Efficient coagulation reduced turbidity by up to 90% using natural coagulants like moringa oleifera. Sedimentation and filtration removed 95% of microorganisms. Treatment using UV light and chlorine has been shown to reduce the risk of diarrhea by up to 70% in rural areas. Innovations such as nanomaterials are improving the process. Conclusion: Processing. Combining traditional processes with modern technologies is necessary to address the challenges of climate change and urbanization, thus supporting SDG 6 and public health. However, the application of environmentally friendly technologies is necessary to achieve sustainability. Recommendations include regular monitoring and local adjustments. Keywords: Water Treatment, Coagulation, Flocculation, Sedimentation, Filtration, Disinfection, Public Health
Hazardous and Toxic Waste Management with Health-Friendly Solidification Technology: An Overview Ramlia Wati; Zuriat Hidayani; Aulia Maghfirah Alifia; Dilla Dilla
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1738

Abstract

Background: B3 waste (Toxic and Hazardous Materials) is the residue of business activities that contain hazardous and toxic substances (B3) that have a high risk of causing environmental contamination and threatening the safety of living beings. Handling this waste, especially from the health service sector, is very important because of the potential for the spread of infections and pollution of soil, water, and air. Therefore, B3 Waste management is required to follow strict technical standards, as stipulated in regulations, such as Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014. Objective: This literature review aims to identify the main challenges in B3 Waste management, evaluate regulatory frameworks, and analyze efficient strategies, emphasizing the role of Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) technology to achieve a sustainable waste management system. Methods: This research uses a literature review methodology, in which data is collected from various scientific journals accessed through Google Scholar and general search engines. Strict criteria are applied in the selection, including topic suitability, most recent publication date, and availability of articles in full-text format Results: Key findings indicate that B3 Waste management is constrained by low regulatory compliance and lack of treatment infrastructure. The proposed solutions include tightening law enforcement (the principle of absolute responsibility), the development of technological innovations (such as S/S to reduce hazards and recycle waste into construction materials), as well as increased socialization and technical competence. Conclusion: An integrated and comprehensive approach is needed to manage B3 Waste. Success depends on the synergy between strong regulations, the application of advanced processing technologies (such as S/S), and the strengthening of the capacity of technical personnel to reduce the adverse effects of waste and achieve environmental sustainability. Keywords: B3 Waste, Solidification/Stabilization (S/S), Absolute Responsibility, Treatment Technology, Environmental Health.
Conventional Domestic Waste Treatment Eco-friendly Composting technology: a Review Riska Riska; Fanni Febrianty Waode; Mirna Wati; Nur Cahyani Dwi Lestari
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1742

Abstract

Background: Waste management remains a major environmental challenge worldwide, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Waste is generated from both human activities and natural processes, and improper handling can lead to soil, water, and air pollution. Therefore, effective household waste management is essential to maintain environmental cleanliness and sustainability. Composting is one of the most environmentally friendly methods for managing organic household waste. Objective: This study aimed to improve community knowledge regarding proper and environmentally friendly organic waste management practices through composting. Methods: This study employed a community-based educational approach on organic waste management through composting. Educational activities were conducted to increase participants’ understanding of waste sorting and environmentally friendly waste treatment methods. The effectiveness of the program was assessed descriptively based on participants’ knowledge and awareness of organic waste management practices. Results: The findings indicated that waste management remains a critical issue requiring special attention, particularly in developing countries. Participants demonstrated increased awareness of the importance of proper waste management and the role of composting in reducing household organic waste. Effective waste segregation was recognized as a key factor in achieving efficient and environmentally sustainable waste management. The educational intervention also enhanced participants’ understanding of composting as a practical method for converting organic waste into useful products while reducing environmental pollution. Conclusion: Composting is an effective and environmentally friendly approach to managing household organic waste. Increasing public knowledge and awareness regarding waste segregation and composting practices can contribute to improved environmental sustainability and support community-based waste management efforts. Keywords: Waste Management; Household Waste; Organic Waste; Composting; Environmental Sustainability; Waste Segregation
The Impact of Coffee and Caffeinated Beverage Consumption on Dental Caries: A Review Harniati Ramli; Ramadhan Tosepu; Hilda Harun; La ode Muhammad Sety; Mubarak; Syawal Kamiluddin Saptaputra
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1750

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is one of the most common oral health problems worldwide and remains a challenge for global public health. This disease occurs due to an imbalance between the processes of demineralization and remineralization of enamel, influenced by biological factors, behavior, and patterns of food and beverage consumption. Coffee and caffeinated beverages are part of the modern lifestyle widely consumed, yet they have a dual effect on dental health. On one hand, bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, chlorogenic acid, and caffeine have the potential to provide antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans, but on the other hand, the content of acids and added sugars can lower salivary pH and increase the risk of caries. Objective: This study aims to systematically review the latest scientific evidence regarding the effects of coffee and caffeinated beverage consumption on the risk of dental caries, from microbiological, biochemical, and clinical perspectives. Research method: The study used a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach with PRISMA guidelines. Articles were obtained from electronic databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect using keywords coffee, caffeine, dental caries, saliva pH, polyphenols, as well as the effects of coffee and caffeinated beverage consumption on dental caries. Results: Review results indicate that excessive coffee consumption or coffee with added sugar can lower saliva pH below the critical threshold (5.5), potentially triggering enamel demineralization and promoting the growth of Streptococcus mutans. The tannin and chromogen content in coffee also causes staining and increases the roughness of the tooth surface, facilitating plaque adhesion. However, some studies report protective effects from sugar-free coffee due to bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and chlorogenic acid, which have antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The results also indicate that the type of coffee, preparation method, and consumption frequency are determining factors in both the cariogenic and anticariogenic effects of coffee. Conclusion: Coffee consumption has a bidirectional effect on dental health. Coffee with added sugar and consumed in excess can increase the risk of cavities, whereas sugar-free coffee consumed in moderation has the potential to provide a protective effect on enamel through antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Therefore, education about healthy coffee consumption habits and maintaining oral hygiene are important steps to minimize the risk of cavities and maximize the benefits of bioactive compounds in coffee on dental health. Keywords: Coffee, Caffeine, Dental Caries, Salivary pH, Polyphenols
Characteristics of Hypertension Patients at Wolasi Community Health Asdwiyenti Miftahulresty Aksi; Ayuningtyas Mardhatillah; Imran Imran
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1769

Abstract

Background:Hypertension is a non-communicable disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Various factors, such as age, gender, and weight, can influence this condition. Although often associated with obesity, hypertension is also common in people of normal weight. Objective:This study aims to understand the characteristics of hypertension patients based on gender, age and body weight at Wolasi Community Health Center in 2025. Method:This study employed a descriptive design with a quantitative approach. The population of this study included all hypertension patients registered at the Wolasi Community Health Center between January and September 2025, totaling 228 individuals, all of whom were sampled. Secondary data were obtained from the Community Health Center's annual report. Analysis was conducted descriptively using frequency distributions and percentages. Results:Research findings indicate that the majority of hypertension patients are women (77%), with the largest age group being 56–65 years (29%), and the normal weight category (44%). Based on blood pressure classification, the majority of respondents were placed in the stage 1 hypertension category (43.28%), followed by stage 2 hypertension (22.82%) and prehypertension (21.96%). Conclusion:Incidences of hypertension at the Wolasi Community Health Center in 2025 were more common in older women of normal weight. This indicates that hypertension not only affects obese individuals but can also occur in those of normal weight due to other factors such as age, hormonal changes, and visceral fat distribution. Preventive measures through education, regular blood pressure checks, and lifestyle changes are crucial for all age and weight groups. Keywords: Humans,Famale,Male,Aged,Blood Pressure
Household Drinking Water Quality Surveillance In The Working Area of Abeli Community Health Center, Kendari City Alfiandi; Iyan Megawati Adiwijaya; Suriani
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1771

Abstract

Background: Safe drinking water is a basic human need that must be ensured through continuous quality monitoring. Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of household drinking water quality conditions in the working area of Abeli Community Health Center, Kendari City, in 2024, by reviewing test results based on physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters. Methods: The method used was descriptive, with secondary data analysis obtained from environmental health program reports and the Abeli Health Center profile. Results: Physical examination results showed that all samples met health requirements, although three samples did not meet the color standard. Chemical tests found several parameters that did not comply with Ministry of Health standards, including nitrate, nitrite, chromium, iron, manganese, aluminum, fluoride, and residual chlorine. In terms of microbiology, only one out of fifteen samples met the health quality standard, while most others were contaminated with E. coli and coliform bacteria. Conclusion: The water condition in the working area of Abeli Community Health Center indicates that household drinking water quality remains low and may pose public health risks. Therefore, continuous drinking water quality surveillance, community education, and local government policy support are needed to ensure the provision of safe and consumable household drinking water. Keywords: Drinking water quality, Public Health, surveillance, environmental health, Abeli Community Health Center
Epidemiological Overview of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Konawe Kepulauan Hospital in 2024 Cici Wulandari Asmun; Maryus Manga; Nurliana; Rini Agustia Amin
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1774

Abstract

Background: A chronic, non-communicable condition called diabetes mellitus is typified by high blood glucose levels brought on by a malfunctioning insulin system. This condition has grown to be a public health concern, with prevalence continuing to rise annually. Objectives: Determining the epidemiological spread of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was the goal of this investigation based on gender, age group, and wound complications at Konawe Kepulauan Hospital in 2024. Methods: A quantitative descriptive approach was applied using secondary data from inpatient and outpatient medical records collected in 2024. Results: A total of 169 patients were recorded, comprising 52.0% males and 46.7% females. The most affected age group was 40–59 years (63.3%), followed by 60–79 years (34.3%). Wound complications occurred in 15.4% of patients, with a higher proportion among inpatients (18.8%). Conclusion: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is most prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, with wound complications more commonly observed in hospitalized patients. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, gender, age, wound complications.
Clinical Profile of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Inpatients at Bombana District General Hospital, January–September 2025 Aisyah Amini; Intan Anugrah Pratiwi; Faskal Othneil Pratama Kaperek
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1778

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health problem, with Indonesia ranking second after India in the number of TB cases worldwide. Objective: This study aims to describe the clinical profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patients hospitalized at Bombana District General Hospital during the period of January–September 2025. Methods: This research employed a descriptive method using secondary data from medical records. The variables analyzed included gender, age, main clinical complaints, results of the Molecular Rapid Test (MRT), and chest X-ray findings. A total of 107 patients met the inclusion criteria. Results: The study showed that the majority were male (70.1%) and aged over 60 years (43.0%). The MRT results showed that 28 patients (26.2%) were drug-sensitive positive, 1 patient (0.9%) drug-resistant positive, and 78 patients (72.9%) negative. Chest X-ray results indicated active pulmonary TB in 55 patients (51.4%), pneumonia in 12 patients (11.2%), pleural effusion in 8 patients (7.5%), and pulmonary TB with other diseases in 32 patients (27.1%). The most common clinical symptoms were Dyspnea and productive cough lasting more than 3 weeks (76.6%). Conclusion: The results of the study show that pulmonary tuberculosis is more commonly experienced by elderly male patients with major complaints of the respiratory system. These findings confirm the importance of MRT examinations as well as chest X-rays in helping to establish a more accurate diagnosis.  Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Medical Record, Chest X-Ray, Dyspnea, General Hospital
Analysis of HPV DNA Screening Results Distribution for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer at Poasia Community Health Center Fadilatulsyam; Hasnianti; Isnaeni Salamiyah
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May - August
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i2.1782

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide, with the majority of cases caused by high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Early testing through HPV DNA testing has proven to be a more sensitive method of screening than conventional cytology. Objective: This study aims to analyze the distribution of HPV DNA screening results as an early detection of cervical cancer at the Poasia Community Health Center in 2024. Methods: This type of study is descriptive, using secondary data from the medical records of HPV DNA tests taken during the period January to December 2024, with a total of 197 samples. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to evaluate the distribution of frequency and percentage of positive results based on age categories and HPV genotypes. Results: The study showed that there were 14 samples (7.1%) that were positive for HPV, with the most genotype being HPV 18 (5.1%), followed by HPV 16 (1.5%), other types (31, 33,35,39,45,51,56,58,59,66 and 68) (1.0%) and HPV 52 (0.5%). Of the total 14 HPV-positive samples, 12 (85.7%) showed single-type infection , and 2 (14.3%) double infection . The highest number of positive cases was found in the age group of 31 to 49 years (7.0%). Conclusion: HPV DNA-based screening has proven to be effective as an early detection method of cervical cancer in primary health services, so it is important to increase the capacity and referral system at Poasia Community Health Center to support the elimination of cervical cancer in Indonesia. Keywords: HPV DNA, cervical cancer, screening, genotype,adult, Indonesia

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