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Matondang Journal
Published by Britain International for Academic Research Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28281942     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33258
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is an international journal using a peer-reviewed process that focuses on culture, religion, language, and also education published in January and July by Britain International for Academic Research Publisher (BIAR-Publisher). It is released both in online and printed versions.
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Articles 58 Documents
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Selection of Appropriate Statistical Methods for Data Analysis: A Review Agbonyinma Mary Igharo; Adetayo Olorunlana; Nnenna Okorie-Eugene
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/matondang.v5i1.1431

Abstract

Choosing the right statistical techniques for analyzing data is essential to obtain accurate and trustworthy results from research efforts. This article gives a detailed summary of the factors that affect the selection of statistical techniques, such as data characteristics, study goals, sample size, data spread, measurement level, assumptions, software access, and researchers' skills. Using case studies and examples, we demonstrate how statistical methods can be applied in real-life situations, showcasing both effective techniques and obstacles faced. Practical advice is given to researchers and practitioners, highlighting the significance of comprehensive exploratory data analysis, validation of assumptions, clear communication of findings, and ongoing learning. Opportunities for future research and development in statistical methodology are pinpointed, such as the advancement of methods for managing intricate data structures and the improvement of software tools and resources. Following proven methods and welcoming new ideas, researchers and professionals can improve the accuracy and dependability of their studies and help advance statistical techniques.
The Impact of Generosity on Church Growth and Development: Insights from World Revival Faith Ministry, Lagos, Nigeria Ayomide Joseph Soneye; Adeniyi oluwafemi Abodunrin; Timothy O.A Yerokun; Adetayo Olorunlana
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/matondang.v5i1.1432

Abstract

This study explores the role of generosity in driving the growth and development of World Revival Faith Ministry (WRFM) in Lagos, Nigeria, between 2010 and 2025. Adopting a qualitative methodology that combines documentary analysis with the authors’ firsthand experiences, the research investigates how generosity, manifested through financial giving, resource sharing, and service has catalyzed WRFM’s spiritual, organizational, and community advancements. Findings highlight that substantial contributions from key donors, especially the General Overseer, have enabled initiatives such as evangelism, missionary outreach, educational scholarships, business empowerment, and community development projects. These efforts have expanded membership, strengthened leadership, and increased the church’s social impact. The study also identifies challenges, including reliance on a limited donor base, sustainability concerns, and the need for enhanced financial transparency and broader member participation. Opportunities for growth include diversifying funding sources, fostering leadership development, and engaging in strategic partnerships. The research underscores the transformative power of generosity in faith-based organizations, emphasizing its significance in achieving sustainable growth and meaningful community engagement. Providing actionable recommendations such as cultivating a culture of holistic generosity, promoting financial accountability, and integrating community-focused initiatives, the study offers valuable insights for church leaders and policymakers. This work contributes to the limited empirical research on the intersection of generosity and church development in African contexts, presenting WRFM as a case study for leveraging stewardship and philanthropy to achieve spiritual and societal relevance.
Mediating Healthcare Communication in Nigeria: Chatbot Technologies and Doctor–Patient Engagement Chinelo Ebele Uchendu; Timothy Ekeledirichukwu Onyejelem; Omolara Oluwabusayo Akin-Odukoya
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/matondang.v5i1.1433

Abstract

The Nigerian healthcare system continues to face persistent communication challenges arising from high patient-doctor ratios, time constraints, infrastructural deficits, and uneven access to medical information, particularly in underserved and rural communities. Within this context, digital health innovations, especially chatbot technologies are increasingly positioned as mediating tools capable of enhancing healthcare communication and supporting doctor-patient engagement. This study examines how chatbot-powered applications function as intermediaries in healthcare communication in Nigeria, focusing on their roles in information dissemination, patient education, preliminary consultation, and follow-up interaction. Based on the existing studies, Internet materials and journal publications, the paper explores the extent to which chatbots influence accessibility, clarity, responsiveness, and trust in doctor-patient interactions. The paper argues that chatbots significantly improve access to basic health information, reduce communication bottlenecks, and empower patients to engage more actively in their healthcare decisions. However, challenges related to language diversity, digital literacy, cultural sensitivity, data privacy, and the perceived absence of human empathy limit their full communicative potential. The paper concludes that while chatbot technologies cannot replace face-to-face medical consultations, they serve as critical complementary tools for mediating healthcare communication in Nigeria. It recommends context-sensitive design, regulatory oversight, and integration into broader health communication strategies to maximize their developmental and public health impact.
The Heavens Declare: A Journey through the Seven Skies of Scripture and Science Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

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Abstract

The notion of the seven heavens (ሰባቱ ሰማያት; al-samāwāt al-sabʿ), articulated in Ethiopian Orthodox, biblical, and Islamic traditions, has often been dismissed as prescientific cosmology incompatible with contemporary astrophysics. Such critiques, however, overlook the theological depth and symbolic intentionality embedded within these cosmological visions. Rather than functioning as empirical blueprints of the universe, the seven heavens operate as structured metaphysical frameworks that articulate transcendence, divine sovereignty, and graded ontological reality. This study contends that the seven heavens should be interpreted as a theological architecture rather than a failed scientific hypothesis. Through comparative textual analysis of the Ethiopian Book of Enoch, Pauline references to the “third heaven,” and Qur’anic descriptions of layered heavens, the research demonstrates that each tradition employs vertical cosmology to express divine proximity, moral hierarchy, and spiritual ascent. A hermeneutical engagement with atmospheric science, astronomy, and cosmology further reveals structural correspondences between ancient symbolic stratification and the layered organization of the observable universe, including atmospheric divisions, galactic hierarchies, and large-scale cosmic structures. To conceptualize this relationship, the study introduces the term cognitive resonance, distinguishing meaningful structural parallelism from simplistic concordism. The findings indicate that ancient cosmologies and modern scientific models share analogous patterns of order and scale without implying literal equivalence. Consequently, the heavens function as theological symbols within scripture and as physical realities within science, representing complementary epistemic domains.
The Eighth Day and the 49 Year Cycle: Unlocking the Mystery of Numbers in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

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Abstract

The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (EOTC) preserves a rich but largely unstudied tradition of numerical symbolism. This article provides the first systematic analysis of two interconnected numbers at the heart of that tradition: the Eighth Day (number 8) as a symbol of resurrection and new creation, and the 49‑Year Cycle as a framework for sacred time rooted in biblical Jubilee theology. Drawing on patristic sources preserved in Ge’ez, liturgical texts (including anaphoras and the Mawas‘et), the canonical Book of Jubilees, and the distinctive Ge’ez numeral system, the article argues that these two numbers together reveal a coherent theological system – a cruciform temporality in which the 49‑year cycle provides the horizontal structure for sacred time while the Eighth Day introduces the vertical irruption of eternity. This synthesis shapes Ethiopian Orthodox worship, baptismal practice, calendar computation, and eschatological hope. The article also surveys other sacred numbers (3, 7, 12, 13, 40, 318, 777), identifies critical research gaps (lack of primary source engagement, under‑exploration of Ge’ez gematria, conflation of official and popular practice), and proposes an interdisciplinary research agenda. The Ethiopian Orthodox numerical tradition offers a distinctive and underexplored contribution to global Christian theology, deserving of further philological, archaeological, comparative, ethnographic, and computational study.
From Algorithmic Logic to Pneumatological Presence : A Theological and Statistical Discernment of AI in the FJKM Homiletic Context Nomenjanahary Jenny Patrick; Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

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Abstract

The rapid integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into homiletic and liturgical practices marks a "change of era" for the contemporary Church, necessitating a rigorous interdisciplinary evaluation of its spiritual and ontological implications. This study investigates the tension between the functional efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the traditional understanding of preaching as an embodied, pneumatological event. By synthesizing systematic theology—grounded in the Thomistic distinction between ratio and intellectus and Barthian pneumatology—with empirical sociological analysis, the research evaluates whether algorithmic mediation facilitates or disrupts the authentic proclamation of the Word. Central to this inquiry is an original empirical survey conducted in April 2026 within the Fiangonan’i Jesoa Kristy eto Madagasikara (FJKM), involving N=67 pastors and lay leaders. Quantitative analysis, utilizing a one-way ANOVA, was employed to test the null hypothesis concerning differences in perception between clergy and laity regarding AI as a substitute for the Holy Spirit. The results yielded a p-value of 0.412, indicating a remarkable ecclesial consensus : while 81% of respondents acknowledge the functional utility of AI, a profound 91% reject it as a pneumatological replacement. Furthermore, 87% of participants advocated for a dedicated digital commission, signaling an urgent demand for institutional governance. This study concludes by proposing a "theological discernment framework" based on six guiding principles, asserting that AI must remain an "exegetical orthosis" under qualified human supervision, thereby preserving the sacred, incarnate, and testimonial nature of the ministerial vocation against the risks of technological "enslavement."
Role of Sit-Tight Syndrome in Undermining Democratic Institutions in Nigeria: A Governance Perspective Olaoye Olumuyiwa Joseph; Joshua Kayode Okunade
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

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Abstract

This research paper investigates the role of the "sit-tight syndrome" in undermining democratic institutions in Nigeria from a governance perspective. Despite Nigeria's transition to democratic rule in 1999, the persistence of this syndrome—characterized by political leaders' attempts to extend their tenures beyond legitimate limits—has systematically weakened key democratic institutions such as the judiciary and electoral management bodies. The study reveals that sit-tight syndrome manifests through various mechanisms, including electoral manipulation, suppression of opposition, and the use of state resources to maintain political dominance, leading to a significant decline in electoral integrity and political participation. Findings indicate a troubling trend of increasing voter apathy, exemplified by the lowest voter turnout recorded in the 2023 elections, and a detrimental impact on governance outcomes, including service delivery failures and heightened corruption. The research employs a theoretical framework that integrates elite theory, institutional path dependency, and democratic consolidation theory to elucidate the mechanisms through which sit-tight syndrome perpetuates itself and exacerbates Nigeria’s democratic challenges. The study concludes with actionable recommendations aimed at addressing constitutional vulnerabilities, enhancing institutional integrity, and fostering civic engagement, underscoring the necessity for a cultural transformation in political accountability and participation to ensure the future stability of Nigeria's democracy.
Urban Renewal Through Effective Circulation System: A Case Study of Kobape, Ogun State, Nigeria Oluwagbemisola A. Odularu; Gabriel Olaoye; Engr Obianuju Chukwuka
Matondang Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Màtondàng Journal
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

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Abstract

Rapid urbanisation in Nigeria’s peri-urban regions has intensified infrastructure deficits, resulting in fragmented development, limited accessibility, and persistent housing challenges. Although urban renewal is widely adopted as a response, it often overlooks the structural role of circulation systems in shaping urban form. This study examines how road network configuration influences urban renewal patterns in Kobape, Ogun State. A mixed-methods approach combining GIS-based network analysis, field observations, and policy review was employed. Network performance was evaluated using graph-theoretic metrics, including intersection density, link-node ratio, gamma index, and centrality measures. Results reveal a structurally imbalanced network with low connectivity (intersection density: 4.2 junctions/km²; link-node ratio: 1.18; gamma index: 0.41) and high dependence on a single arterial corridor (betweenness centrality: 0.78). This has produced corridor-dominated development, with growth concentrated along the expressway and limited integration of interior areas. The study establishes that connectivity rather than infrastructure provision alone determines urban renewal outcomes. It proposes a connectivity-centred framework emphasising hierarchical networks and internal integration to support equitable and sustainable urban development.

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