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Jurnal Penelitian Saintek

saintek
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Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

ISSN : 14123991 EISSN : 25287036 DOI : 10.21831

Core Subject : Science,

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014" : 8 Documents clear

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE BACTERIA FROM COCONUT WATER WITH ADDITION OF THE CHITOSAN Tutiek Rahayu; Eli Rohaeti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The objective of this research were to identify the chitosan concentration that produced bacterial cellulose-chitosan with optimum mechanical properties and to identtify the effect of chitosan addition for function group, cross section morphology, and crystallinity of bacterial cellulose based coconut water. Bacterial cellulose-chitosan has been succesfully prepared by immersing dry bacterial cellulose in chitosan solution 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; and 3.0% (m/v) for 6 hours. The films were characterized using tensile tester to identify mechanical properties, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) to identify crystallinity, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) to identify functional group, and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) to identify cross section morphology. The bacterial cellulose-chitosan 0.5% had the most optimum mechanical properties. The addition of chitosan could decrease elongation at break, and also increase strenght at break and modulus Young of bacterial cellulose. The crystalinity decreased with the addition of chitosan 0.5% from 30.43% to 15.38%. On the other hand, the FTIR spectrum showed that there was interaction between bacterial cellulose and chitosan molecule. SEM images show that bacterial cellulose consisted of tight fibrin thread, so it could form layers. Bacterial cellulose-chitosan 0.5% consisted of multilayered of bacterial cellulose and chitosan layers.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE BIOMAS OF MELATI AIR (Echinodorus paleafolius) AND TERATAI (Nyphaea firecrest) ON PHOSPHATE CONTENT, BOD, COD, TSS, AND DEGREE OF MASTER LIQUID WASTE OF LAUNDRY Regina Tutik Padmaningrum; Tien Aminatun; Yuliati Yuliati
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Laundry liquid waste containing residual detergent, deodorant, fabric softener, bleach, and methylene blue active compounds degraded difficult and dangerous for the health of the environment. Almost all wastewater is discharged home laundry business through sewers or septitank untreated or diluted beforehand so that would pollute the environment. One way toreduce the chemicals present in the wastewater is to phytoremediation. The study aims to determine the effect of water jasmine and lotus biomass on the content of phosphate, the value of BOD, COD, TSS, and pH of laundry wastewater is treated. The independent variables were the type of biomass (water jasmine, lotus) and time of application of the waste. Dependent variables include phosphate levels, DO, BOD, COD, TSS, and pH. Stages of research include 1) cleaning the roots and stems of water jasmine and lotus plants, 2) the process of acclimatization, 3) the application of the plant for a month, and 4) measurement of the dependent variable. The results showed phytoremediation using water jasmine plants can reduce levels of 172.1748 ppm phosphate, lowering the value of COD is 446.890 mg/L, lower the BOD value of 38.748 mg/L, and the lower the pH by 0.18 units of laundry wastewater, value COD, BOD and lowers the pH of 0.18 units of laundry wastewater. Lotus plant can not be used as a laundry liquid waste processing plants in phytoremediation.

PROSPECTIVE SECONDARY METABOLITE OF FAMILI SIMAROUBACEAE Ari Widiyantoro
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Simaroubaceae family is a family group of plants that have a primary compound content quasinoids and alkaloids. Family Simaroubaceae spread in tropical regions of Asia, Africa and America. In Asia, family Simaroubaceae widely spread in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia. Some of the families of plants contain secondary metabolites that show promising prospects for use in the fields of health and agriculture that plants are pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), fruit macassar (Brucea javanica L. Merr) and pauh kijang (Irvingia malayana Oliv. Ex. A. Benn). Several compounds were isolated to antiinflamatory test by reduction of inflammation after induced carrageenan, antioxidants test by inhibition of NBT reduction and insecticidal test by antifeedant test on leaf object. The results showed eurycomaside compound from ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark of Eurycoma longifolia Jack is antiinflammatory by reducing inflammation of 23.56±0.89% after the 10th hour. Dehydrobrusatol compound from ethyl acetate fraction of Brucea javanica L. Merr showed antioxidant activity by inhibition of NBT reduction of 87.65±1.09%. Friedelin compound from the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark of Irvingia malayana Oliv ex. A. Benn showed insecticidal activity is antifeedant activity of concentration of 2% with a ratio of 90.65±4.34.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF COMPONENTS SOURCE OF OUTLINE OF NEW PLANT OIL (Artemisia vulgaris L) AND AN EFFECT OF ANTIBOYTE Hartati Sulastri; Elizabeth Betty Elok; Lilik Linawati
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L) from Tawangmangu Central Java was extracted by water distillation, water steam and steam distillation. Essential oil Mugwort were analized by GCMS. The result showed that the chemical composition of mugwort essential oil from water distillation were composed of 36 compounds, water-steam distillation showed 34 compounds whereas steam distillation showed 29 compounds. Nevertheless three distillation methods gave similar 6 dominant compounds in different concentration. Six dominant compounds were 3,5-dimethyl-4-ethylidene-cyclohex-2-ene-1-one, filifolone, germacrene-D, gamma-caryophyllene, eucarvone and 1,8-cineol, the amounts of each of them was more than 3%. Bioautography test showed that mugwort essential oil have a good antibacterial effect especially to E.coli bacteria

Tool from Pack Carburized Low Carbon Steel Arianto Leman Soemawidagdo; Tiwan Tiwan; Mujiyono Mujiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The research is aimed at developing alternative tool from pack carburized low carbon steel. The tools were made from low carbon steel of 111,67 VHN using cutting machine and then sharpened. Carburizing process was conducted at temperature vary of 800, 850 and 900 0C for 1, 2 and 3 hours and then quenched into water and oil. The tools were subsequently quenched after diffusion process. The tools was used to cut mild steel of Ø31,75 mm on EMCO Maximat V-13 lathe machine with cutting speed 25m/minutes, feeding 0,112mm/ rpm and depth of cut 1 mm. Tools that carburized at 850 0C for 3 hours dan quenched in water gives mean maximum hardness of 760,4 VHN and tool life up to 425 second. It shows that the tool is not economical developed for mass production.

KINETICS AND BALANCE ADSORPSI ION KROMIUM (III) IN SOLUTIONS ON SILICA AND COMPOUND MODIFICATION OF SILICA RESULTS SYNTHESIS FROM GREEN RICE DRINKS Siti Sulastri; Nuryono Nuryono; Indriana Kartini; Eko Sri Kunarti
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

This study will examine the nature of silica and modified silica in the interaction with Cr (III) ion as an adsorbate. Properties that will be studied are kinetics and equilibrium of Cr (III) adsorption in solution. Studies begins with determining the existence of Cr (III) ion in solution at various pH values, the presence of adsorbent at various pH values, and the adsorption of Cr (III) ion in solution by the adsorbent at various pH values. Based on this data set also can determined some values, e.g the maximum adsorption capacity (notated as Qmax), and the equilibrium constant, the RL value that determined the nature of adsorption were favorable or not favorable. Similarly to the Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption kinetic and equilibrium were performed at pH 5. Each adsorbent has a different kinetic model. All of adsorbents has compatibility with Langmuir 2 isotherm model, and on these condition had favorable adsorption of Cr (III) ion. The highest Qmax value is at HSSN. In the Freundlich isotherm model can be stated that all of the adsorbent is favorable for the adsorption process of Cr (III) ion in solution..

INFLUENCE OF CALCULATION TEMPERATURE TO HIDROTALSIT Mg / Al WHICH IS DISINTESTED THROUGH UNSECUAL METHOD OF PRESIPITATION Hasan Adidarma; Sri Handayani; Cahyorini Kusumawardani; Kun Sri Budiasih
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

This research aims to determine the effect of calcination temperature variation from 200°C to 500°C on the Mg/Al hydrotalcite structure. Mg/Al hydrotalcite has been synthesized via a low supersarturated precipitation method with hydrothermal treatment, using Mg(NO3 )2 .6H2 O and Al(NO3 )3 .9H2 O as the raw materials, and base solution of NaOH and Na2 CO3 as the precipitators. Mg/Al hydrotalcite compound synthesized before and after calcination were characterized using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results of FTIR and XRD data analysis showed that the calcination of hydrotalcite of Mg/Al at 200o C did not changed the structure of hydrotalcite compounds, calcination at temperatures 300-400o C showed that structure of hydrotalcite compound starts to change form a mixture of magnesium oxide and aluminum, and calcination at 500°C showed that the crystal structure of Mg/Al hydrotalcite has broken to form a mixture of metal oxides, namely MgO (phericlase) with a little mixture of aluminum oxide in the form of θ-Al2O3 and γ-Al2O3.

POTENTIAL DECREASE GLASS GAS EMISSION THROUGH MATERIAL CONVERSION FUEL GAS ON GENERAL PUBLIC VEHICLE Zainal Arifin
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The objective of the research is to retrofit city buses with fuel gas (LPG) is it also gives a general recommendation implementation of control schemes in Indonesia and foundation policies investment, especially urban transportation sector by using the control scheme , in addition to develop the methodology for the valuation of the environmental improvement of urban transport investment. This research can be used for decision-makers for national and local level (city government) in developing policies, strategies, and urban transportation investment program. The results show that the fuel consumption per day are 28.544kg 35.68 liters of diesel (diesel density of 0.8kg/l) and lower heating value of 42.5 MJ/kg, the energy used at 1213.12 MJ/days. The level of reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) per year to replace petroleum diesel with LPG at 111.93 tons, the total GHG emission reduction of 11 081 tonnes of CO2 e. Financial benefits of LPG generates NPV of Rp. 18,518,582; if there is a rise in the price of LPG fuel, resulting NPV of (-) Rs. 58.17.169. NPV indicates a positive result for Rp. 100 051 666 if bus fares increased 25% from the current rate

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