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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON DI KAWASAN BUKIT CINTA DANAU RAWAPENING, KABUPATEN SEMARANG. Siti Mudhakiroh; Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati; Fuad Muhammad; Sri Utami
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 4 Oktober 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bukit Cinta is a sub-area in Rawapening Lake, is developed tourism destination. Bukit Cinta has problems such as degradation of water quality, the sediment of upstream, blooming of water plants, waters pollution due activity of tourism. The aim of this research is an overview of environmental conditions through phytoplankton community structure. Phytoplankton samples were taken in 4 points with depth in example: 1-2m, 1-4m, 1-8m, and 1-10m. The water sample was taken by using Van Dorn water sampler, then were filtered using plankton. SRCC was used through identification phytoplankton and later was continued by calculating of abundant, diversity, uniformity, domination, saprobic indices. The result of phytoplankton observation at Bukit Cinta is 53 genus of phytoplankton that devide to 5 division Bacillariophyta (24 genus), Chlorophyta (16 genus), Cyanophyta (6 genus), Euglenophyta (4 genus), Dinoflagellata (3 genus). Species that dominated is Synechococcus elongatus Nageli (division Cyanophyta), Aulacoseira granulata and Synedra ulna (division Bacillariophyta). Species that dominated is Synechococcus elongatus Nageli (divisi Cyanophyta), Aulacoseira granulata and Synedra ulna (division Bacillariophyta). Based on diversity, evenness, domination and saprobic indices, the area that is categorized as highly disturbed is St 4 (10m depth) and less disturbed is St 3 (8m depth). Meanwhile, based on Pollution Index, the area that is categorized as highly disturbed is St 2 (4m depth) and less disturbed is St 1 (2m depth).Keywords: Bukit Cinta, Structure Community, Phytoplankton, Saprobic
Produksi Enzim Protease Aspergillus Flavus Pam-25 Dengan Variasi Ph Dan Waktu Inkubasi Indra Prawira; MG. Isworo Rukmi; w wijanarka
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 2 April 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Enzyme is a biokatalisator which can increase the speed of the reaction without join react. Protease enzyme is one of the enzymes that have a high economic value because its application is extensive in the field of industry. Protease is an enzyme that catalyzes the proteolytic peptide bonds in proteins termination. This research aims to determine the effect of pH and incubation time on the production of protease enzyme from A. flavus PaM-25.. This research aims to know the influence of the variation of the pH of the incubation time and against the production of the enzyme protease of A. flavus PaM-25. The research  was conducted at the laboratories of Microbiology Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Diponegoro. Variables observed were protease activity, protein content and specific activity. Research using randomized complete block design (RAK) with two factors. The first factor is variation of pH, P1 (pH 7), P2 (pH 8), and P3 (pH 9), while the second factor is the incubation time T5 (5th day), T6 (6th day) and T7 (7th day) with repeated 3 times. Research data analyzed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Least Significant Difference test and Duncan Significant Difference Test at test level 5%. The results showed that the Aspergillus flavus PaM-25 has the capability of producing alkaline protease enzymes with pH range 7.0-9.0. The highest activity of proteases of   A. flavus PaM-25 retrieved on 7th day incubation time of treatment with protease activity value 1.94 U/mL, while pH treatment has no effect. The highest levels of protein found in the treatment of pH 7 and 5th days of incubation time of 1.05 mg/mL. The value of the highest purity of enzymes found in the combination of treatment pH 9 and 7th day incubation time  of 12.91 U/mg protein
AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR Α-AMILASE ISOLAT KHAMIR ENDOFIT DARI TUMBUHAN BROTOWALI (Tinospora crispa L.) Pramita Dian Pramitasari; Sri Pujiyanto; Agung Suprihadi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 3 Juli 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood sugar level. The α-amylase inhibitor may inhibit the carbohydrates digestion and cause a rate decrease of glucose absorption. The α-amylase inhibitors are found in a plant that potentially containing antidiabetic compounds, such as Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.). The exploration of endophytic microbial is expected can produce secondary metabolites with similar properties to those produced by host plant metabolites. The purpose of this research were to obtain endophytic yeast isolates which can produce the best α-amylase inhibitors and to determine the ability of selected isolates to produce α-amylase inhibitors on varied carbon source and pH production media. This research was conducted by isolating endophytic yeast from roots, stems, and leaves of brotowali. The best isolate was selected by considering its inhibitory activity. The α-amylase inhibitor test was determined by measuring the resulting reduction sugar. This research used Completely Randomised Design. First treatment was carbon source media, such as starch, sucrose, maltose and lactose. The best carbon source then was used for further tests. Second treatment was pH media including pH of 5, 6, 7 and 8. The data obtained later were analyzed using One Way ANOVA. The selection results showed that  DG26 isolate had the best α-amylase inhibition value of 68.27% with 72 hours optimal time production. The statistical result test on the varied carbon source treatment showed insignificant effect (P> 0,05) with the best α-amylase inhibition value of 19,98% at starch treatment. The statistical result test on the varied pH treatment showed a significant different effect (P <0.05) with the best α-amylase inhibition value of 44.91% at pH 7.Keywords: α-amylase inhibitor, endophytic yeast, Tinospora crispa, carbon source, pH
ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT, DAN ANALISIS PROKSIMAT DARI MAKANAN FERMENTASI BEKASAM IKAN MUJAIR (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Olivia Nisa Mumtianah; Endang Kusdiyantini; Anto Budiharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 2 April 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bekasam is one of the traditional fermented food made from freshwater fish with the addition of salt and carbohydrate sources. Mozambique fish is used as a raw material, because it has high protein content and can be easily obtained in the market at affordable prices. Mozambique fish is used to make bekasam with the addition of salt as much as 18% of the weight of the fish and brooded for 48 hours, then added with toasted rice as much as 15% of the weight of the fish and fermented for 7 days. This study aimed to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria and analyze the nutritional value of mozambique fish bekasam. The methods used were  isolation, characterization and proximate analysis of the mozambique fish bekasam. Isolation of lactic acid bacteria was carried out on mozambique fish as a control, mozambique fish before and after the addition of toasted rice. Isolation obtained 6 isolates of Gram positive bacteria, 5 isolates of cocci shaped bacteria and 1 rod shaped bacteria. Based on morphological and physiological tests, six isolates were Gram positive, non motile, catalase negative, positive to produce acid and had proteolytic activity. Bekasam mozambique fish contained as much as 0.64% lactic acid and pH is 5.39. The results of the proximate analysis bekasam mozambique fish showed that the fermentation process increased the nutritional value bekasam quality mozambique fish with 5.5270% water content, 33.0628% ash content, 0.0788% crude fiber content, 45.0546% crude protein content, 7.9419% crude fat content and 13.9407% carbohydrate content. Keywords : bekasam , lactic acid bacteria , isolation, characterization, proximate analysis
Morfologi Talus Lichen Dirinaria Picta (Sw.) Schaer. Ex Clem pada Tingkat Kepadatan Lalu Lintas yang Berbeda di Kota Semarang Tati Nasriyati; Murningsih Murningsih; Sri Utami
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 4 Oktober 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Perkembangan sektor industri dan transportasi berpotensi terhadap penurunan kualitas lingkungan hidup terutama meningkatnya polusi udara. Keberadaan zat pencemar dapat membahayakan mahluk hidup termasuk manusia. Oleh karena itu, pemantauan kualitas udara perlu dilakukan, salah satunya dengan keberadaan lichen sebagai bioindikator di lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui morfologi talus lichen Dirinaria picta yang terdapat pada pohon peneduh jalan dengan tingkat kepadatan lalu lintas yang berbeda di kota Semarang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Nglimut Gonoharjo Kendal, Terminal Mangkang dan Simpang Lima Semarang. Morfologi lichen diamati secara makroskopik meliputi perbedaan pada warna, bentuk dan menghitung luas tutupan talus. Sampel lichen diamati pada permukaan kulit batang pohon dengan ketinggian ±150 cm dari permukaan tanah.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, warna talus cenderung berwarna hijau pucat atau hijau keabua-abuan. Warna talus cenderung semakin menggelap seiring meningkatnya kepadatan lalu lintas. Bentuk talus cenderung membulat, lonjong, dan tidak beraturan mengikuti pola substrat. Luas penutupan talus lichen terendah terdapat di lokasi Simpang Lima yang memiliki kepadatan lalu lintas tertinggi.
PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI Rhizophora mucronata PADA SALURAN TAMBAK WANAMINA DENGAN LEBAR YANG BERBEDA Afiyatul Aini; Rini Budi Hastuti; Endah Dwi Hastuti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 1 Januari 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The expansion of the aquaculture area causes reduction of mangrove ecosystems. Silvofishery combines fisponds and mangrove planting. Rhizophora mucronata often select for rehabilitation of mangrove forests. This research aims to know growth differences of Rhizophora mucronata in the ducts of silvofishery and variation width range of ducts. This research was carried out from the basic of Random Design Group (RAK) used three treatments which each of treatment was repeated 3 times. The treatments were the variation width of the ducts (R): R1 = R2 = 1 m, 2 m and R3 = 3 m. Growth data was analyzed using statistical approach, The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results of the analysis observational during two months research of Rhizophora mucronata showed that the height and diameter growth of each width of duct (1 m, 2 m, 3 m) wasn't significantly different, but there was a growth tendency in height and diameter of Rhizophora mucronata. Mangrove within 3 m width of duct has best growth condition compared with the others. Plant Branch wasn't grown and foliages were grown partially. Key words: Growth, Rhizophora mucronata, Mangrove, Silvofishery.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MIKROARTROPODA BRYOFAUNA TERESTRIAL DI TIGA KETINGGIAN YANG BERBEDA DI ZONA MONTANA GUNUNG UNGARAN Andrei Febrian; Rully Rahadian; Lilih Khotim Perwati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 2 April 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bryofauna is the animal which live in mosses, including microarthtropod. Bryofauna microarthtropod is quite diverse but study about this fauna is rarely done, especially in Indonesia. Bryofauna has unique and specific niche, because it depends on the existence of mosses. The objective of this research is to compare the community structure of bryofauna microarthropod in three different altitude in montane zone, including: bryofauna diversity, abundance, richness and dominance. This research was conducted from April to December 2013. Sampling was conducted at three stations in different altitude, i.e. 1335 m asl, 1660 m asl and 2040 m asl. Sampling was done in purposive way, that means sampling was done only in location contained with mosses. Sampling used quadrat method, with size 1x1m, then the moss samples was taken on quadrat with size 10x10 cm in the 1x1 m quadrat. All samples was extracted using Tullgren Funnel. Bryofauna were identified in Ecology and Biosytematic Laboratorium, UNDIP dan Entomology Laboratorium Zoology Unit, LIPI. Bryofauna Microarthropod that found in montane zone were 7 class, 19 ordo, 44 sub-ordo/family. The dominants taxa on the montane zone are Oribatida and Mesostigmata. The highest bryofauna abundance were found in altitude of 2040 m asl. The highest bryofauna diversity and richnees was found in altitude of 1335 m asl. The highest bryofauna eveness were found in altitude of 1660 m asl. Bryofauna diversity is significantly different on each station. Differences in bryofauna microarthropod community strcuture were influenced by the presence of mosses at each altitude. Keywords : Community structure, bryofauna, microarthropod, montane zone
Keanekaragaman Avifauna sebagai Potensi Ekowisata di Pantai Karangjahe, Kabupaten Rembang Fuad Muhammad; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat; Erry Wiryani
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 9 No. 1 Januari 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Ekowisata Karangjahe adalah salah satu pengelolaan kawasan pesisir dengan mencegah kerusakan pantai dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitarnya. Burung sebagai fauna yang eksotis merupakan potensi biotik sebagai atraksi ekowisata di Pantai Karangjahe. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keanekaragaman burung sebagai potensi ekowisata Pantai Karangjahe, Rembang. Metode penelitian adalah dengan mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman burung sebagai potensi biotik, parameter lain adalah kondisi abiotik kawasan pantai Karangjahe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di lahan tambak mempunyai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi sebesar 2,19 dan jumlah spesies yang paling banyak yaitu 13 jenis. Spesies burung yang paling banyak ditemui adalah Collocalia linchi sebanyak 93 individu. Kondisi abiotik menunjukkan bahwa kawasan Pantai Karangjahe sesuai utnuk kegiatan ekowisata. Keanekaragaman burung di Pantai Karangjahe dapat dikembangkan dengan bentuk kegiatan bird watching
Isolasi Bakteri Endofit Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) dan Uji Antibakteri Supernatan Crude Metabolit Sekunder Isolat Potensial terhadap Staphylococcus aureus Maulida Aglinia; Sri Pujiyanto; Wijanarka Wijanarka
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 9 No. 1 Januari 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Infeksi nosokomial adalah infeksi yang terjadi pada pasien selama menerima perawatan kesehatan dan berkembang dalam 48-72 jam setalah dirawat di RS, menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang signifikan pada pasien. Mikroorganisme yang sering menyebabkan infeksi nosokomial adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Bangle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional Indonesia yang digunakan masyarakat untuk obat diare dan larutan pembersih karena infeksi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari supernatan crude metabolit sekunder bakteri endofit Bangle dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus. Isolasi bakteri endofit dari bagian daun, batang, rimpang dan akar tanaman agar diperoleh isolat murni untuk diseleksi aktivitas antibakterinya dan didapatkan isolat potensial. Hasil isolasi diperoleh 16 isolat, 3 isolat diantaranya berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji dengan kode isolat Ri1, Ri4 dan Ak1. Hasil uji antibakteri supernatan diperoleh rata-rata diameter zona hambat terhadap S. aureus oleh Ri1, Ri4 dan Ak1 berturut-turut sebesar 6,98 mm; 8,12 mm; dan 9,25 mm. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan signifikansi nilai F hitung < F tabel 0,05 sehingga pengaruh aktivitas antibakteri supernatan isolat endofit potensial terhadap S. aureus berbeda secara signifikan satu dengan lainnya. Aktivitas antibakteri isolat Ak1 terhadap bakteri uji menunjukkan efek paling baik.
Uji Bakteriologis Air Sambungan Rumah dengan Metode Most Probable Number (MPN) Quanti-Tray di PDAM Kabupaten Magelang Harwika Ria Rizky Agista; Susiana Purwantisari
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 9 No. 1 Januari 2020
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Air merupakan kebutuhan penting bagi manusia. Air berasal dari alam yang harus melalui tahapan pengolahan hingga air layak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Syarat air layak konsumsi secara bakteriologis adalah dengan ada tidaknya bakteri Coliform dan E. coli dalam air. Air layak konsumsi didistribusikan oleh PDAM dengan sistem perpipaan atau sambungan rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air Sambungan Rumah yang didistribusikan oleh PDAM Kabupaten Magelang melalui uji bakteriologis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah secara eksperimental melalui pengujian bakteri Coliform dan E. coli menggunakan metode Most Probable Number (MPN) Quanti-Tray dengan sampel air Sambungan Rumah pada 5 daerah. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai MPN air Sambungan Rumah pada daerah A dan B belum memenuhi syarat air bersih yang siap digunakan masyarakat karena masih terdapat Coliform dan E. coli pada air Sambungan Rumah tersebut, sedangkan pada air Sambungan Rumah daerah C, D, dan E sudah memenuhi syarat air bersih secara bakteriolgis karena tidak terdapat bakteri Coliform dan E. coli dalam air Sambungan Rumah

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