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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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ISOLASI, UJI AKTIVITAS, DAN OPTIMASI INHIBITOR α-AMILASE ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT TANAMAN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia) (Ten.) Steenis Diani Ajeng Prahesti; Sri Pujiyanto; MG Isworo Rukmi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a hyperglycemia disease caused by insensitivity of cells to insulin that causes the presence of glucose in blood and urine. The α-amylase inhibitors is a compound that inhibit carbohydrates breakdown into glucose by amylase enzyme. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) has been used by Indonesian people since long time ago to treat various diseases such as for anti-diabetic. The aims of study were to obtained the endophytic fungal isolated from Binahong plant, and find out of their ability of α-amylase inhibitor activity by treatment of carbon source and pH of production medium. The isolating endophytic fungal from binahong roots, stems, and leaves in medium PDA. The α-amylase inhibitory test was using starch substrate and the α-amylase inhibitory measure using spectrophotometric method. The study was used one factor CRD i.e. carbon source including sucrose, lactose, and maltose. The best carbon source then continued to test with variation pH 5,6, and 7. The data obtained were then analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Five endophytic fungal isolated from binahong were only one isolated i.e DT should high potensial in inhibiting α-amylase 91,43%. The best carbon source for inhibitory α-amylase i.e sucrose with the percentage of 58,91%, while pH 5 is the best pH medium production continous treatment carbon source sucrose with the percentage 37,83%. The result of statistical test showed that sucrose as the best carbon source just than lactose and maltose, and pH 5 as the best medium pH for the production α-amylase inhibitor. Key words : α-amylase inhibitor, endophyte fungi, Anredera cordifolia, diabetes mellitus
EKSPLORASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI POTENSIAL PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIFOULING YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN ALGA COKLAT (PHAEOPHYTA) DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA JEPARA Barri Pratama; Endang Kusdiyantini; Agung Suprihadi; Anto Budiharjo; AB Susanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 4 Oktober 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Biofouling is a settlement process from marine organisms initiated by biofilm (microbial layers). Corrosion on the vessels, pipelines under the sea, oil plants, etc are big problems in the industrial today cause adversely affects. Antifouling paints have been developed to prevent settlement of organisms, however antifouling paints contain heavy metals and biocides which have toxic effects on marine ecosystems. Antifouling compound which environmental friendly is a solution for one of the paint component. The aim of this research was to isolate bacteria associated with brown algae which had potential to produce antifouling compound from Karimunjawa islands, Jepara.Isolate KS1-1 showed antifouling activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa as biofilm-forming bacteria.This isolate had been characterized in morphology, moleculer and biochemichal identification.Moleculer analyses of 16S rRNA sequence, KS1-1 showed similarity 94% from 287 bp with Vibrio sp. W-137-16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence. Keywords : Antifouling, Phaeophyta,Biofouling, 16S rRNA, Vibrio
ISOLASI BAKTERIOFAG SPESIFIK Pseudomonas sp. DA1 DARI BIOFILM PADA SISTEM PENGISIAN AIR MINUM ISI ULANG. Zikra Hayati; Siti Nur Jannah; Agung Suprihadi
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 Juli 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The social demand for drinking water increases both in urban and rural areas. The state encourages the development of Industrial Water Supply Depot (DAM) refills. problems occurred is no standard method for treating drinking water is sterileand lack of government supervision. This raises the issue of sanitation that is the presence of pathogenic bacteria that form biofilms in drinking water refill system. One of the bacterial pathogen is Pseudomonas. Bacteria Pseudomonas at refill drinking water can cause infections in the digestive tract. This study aims to find specific bacteriophage isolates of biofilm samples to infect bacteria Pseudomonas sp. on refill drinking water system. Isolation host Pseudomonas done in 2 ways dilution and filtration and grown on selective media Pseudomonas Isolation Agar. Isolates obtained were then characterized by gram staining and Kligler Iron Agar (KIA) test. Isolation of bacteriophages of biofilm done by bacteriophage amplification and filtration to obtain filtrate bacteriophage I and II. Test performed by using the host's infection Pseudomonas sp. DA1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella sp. (LIPI’s collection). The results showed that the drinking water refill depot contained positive isolates of Pseudomonas is Pseudomonas sp. DA1 and obtained isolate specific bakteriofag that can infect Pseudomonas sp. DA1. Bacteriophage titer calculation results on each sample at 3,0 x 105 PFU/ml in drinking water depot, 3,3 x 107 PFU/ml in the water product, and 9 x 107 PFU/ml water sources. Keyword: refill drinking water systems, biofilms, Pseudomonas sp DA1, bacteriophage
BIOPROSPEKSI BAKTERI YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN ALGA HIJAU HALIMEDA MACROLOBA, CAULERPA RACEMOSA, DAN ULVA SP SEBAGAI PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIBAKTERI Risky Panji Nugroho; Anto Budiharjo; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bacteria can grow in various environments, including those associated with marine organisms such as algae, sponge, sea grass and soft corals. For these organisms, bacteria help building their defense by producing secondary metabolites such as bioactive compound.  This research aims to study the potency of the bacteria which interact with green algae Halimeda macroloba, Caulerpa racemosa, and Ulva sp which are able to produce antibacterial compound. Algae, which belong to Chlorophyta, are common to be found in marine water. This research used bacterial isolation, morphologic bacterial isolate characterization, antibacterial test, molecular identification of the antibacterial compound producer isolate, and biochemical activity test. From the isolation, the researcher was able to collect five bacterial isolate; one from H. macroloba, three from C. racemosa, and one isolate from Ulva sp. Of the five isolates, one isolate from C. racemosa can prevent the E.coli, and one isolate from H. macroloba can prevent E.coli and P.aeruginosa. Isolate derived from Halimeda macroloba have the biggest prevention zone ability, which is 18.1 mm, towards P.aeruginosa. Keywords: Antibacterial, Bacterial Association, Halimeda macroloba, Caulerpa racemosa,      Ulva sp
TRANSFORMASI DAN KLONING PLASMID PJ804:77539 PADA E.coli TOP’10 Siu S.S Langden; Anto Budiharjo; w wijanarka; Wien Kusharyoto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Kloning dan transformasi vektor PJ804:77539 dilakukan dengan tujuan perbanyakan vektor pRHA pada sel bakteri E.coli TOP’10. Ekpresi vektorpRHA diharapkan dapat terjadi pada periplasma E.coli dan memberikan ekspresi berupa kemampuan resistensi terhadap Ampicillin. Ekspresi pada periplasma bertujuan untuk meminimalisir kerugian yang timbul pada sistem ekspresi di sitoplasma di antaranya tingkat ekspresi yang rendah, protein terpotong atau resiko kontaminasi. Sekresi protein rekombinan pada periplasma dapat meningkatkan aktivitas biologis serta tingkat kestabilan produk menjadi lebih tinggi. Proses isolasi protein yang diekspresikan pada periplasma  dapat dilakukan dengan perlakuan stress osmotik ringan sehingga menurunkan resiko kontaminasi protein sitoplasma. Ekspresi protein pada periplasma diarahkan oleh peptida sinyal pelB. Peptida sinyal bekerja menarik produk protein ke periplasma dengan cara berfusi dengan ujung N-terminal pada peptida yang terekspresi. Penanda selektif (selectable marker) yang terdapat pada PJ804::77539 merupakan Ampr, suatu penanda yang memampukan bakteri untuk resisten pada keberadaan antibiotik Ampicillin. Transformasi dilakukan sesuai dengan metode heat – shock dan diseleksi pada medium LB agar dan LB cair yang mengandung antibiotik Ampicillin dengan konsentrasi 100 mg/mL. Diperoleh koloni tumbuh pada medium yang mengandung Ampicillin dan dilakukan isolasi plasmid. Visualisasi hasil elektroforesis memperlihatkan adanya pita plasmid yang diisolasi dari E.coli TOP’10 pada gel elektroforesis.Kata kunci : Ampicillin, E.coli, pelB, periplasm dan pRHA
Morfoanatomi Polen Flora Mangrove Di Pantai Banjir Kanal Timur, Semarang Titi Nurul Qodriyyah; Sri Widodo Agung Suedy; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 3 Juli 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Indonesia has the largest mangrove area in the world that covering an area of 2.5-5 million ha. Indonesia's vast mangrove area has been declined by 50%. Locations that becoming sampling stations, namely East Flood Canal (BKT) undergo abrasion that caused water-logging in mangrove forest areas that affect the diversity of plants in it. Plant diversity can be learned through the pollen of plants. Morphology-anatomy can be used as additional criteria for identifying plant species. The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of plants and morphology-anatomy pollen of plants on the coast BKT. Sampling was conducted using roaming at both locations. Data were analyzed by making the description and classification. The results showed that mangrove forests in BKT have a diversity of plants as many as 9 species. Morphology-anatomy pollen of different species have a variety of shapes and sizes. Keywords: mangrove, morphology-anatomy, pollen, Semarang
PERILAKU BERTELUR DAN SIKLUS HIDUP Aedes aegypti PADA BERBAGAI MEDIA AIR Indira Agustin; Udi Tarwotjo; Rully Rahadian
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Aedes aegypti is the main vector that transmits dengue fever. The spread of Aedes aegypti mosquitos in Indonesia is very wide. This mosquito has its breeding site in clear water areas such as in the bath water containers, flower pots, pet containers as well as in the used goods that can hold stagnant water. However, the environmental conditions which are constantly changing due to the rampant pollution cause Ae. Aegypti to continue to adapt to its breeding environment. This research aims to find out the egg laying behavior, life cycle and mediums preferences selected by Aedes aegypti mosquitos in different water mediums. Stages of the research which are conducted include: preparation of research tools and materials, observation on Ae. Aegypti mosquitos’ preferences, observation on egg hatchability and life cycle of Ae. Aegypti in various water mediums. The result shows that from all contaminated water mediums which are tested, Ae. Aegypti mosquitos have the preference of laying eggs in Eichhornia crassipes water mediums, followed by leachate water mediums, whereas in tofu wastewater mediums and laundry waste, there were no eggs found. Meanwhile, in another study, it is known that the egg hatchability and life cycle of Ae. Aegypti mosquitos in contaminated water mediums such Eichhornia crassipes immersed water mediums, and leachate water are not significantly different from controlled water mediums (uncontaminated). The result of the research is expected to be the reference for relevant institute in expanding the eradication of Ae. Aegypti mosquitos to places that have been unusual for eradication.Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Eichhornia crassipes immersed water, Leachate, laundry waste, tofu wastewater
EFEKTIVITAS PENGAWETAN SECARA OZONISASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI TERHADAP KONTAMINASI KAPANG PADA KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.) Syawal Nurangga Kodhatin; Endang Kusdiyantini; Arina Tri Lunggani
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 3 Juli 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a potential plant protein source with a relatively cheap price, so that it can be consumed by almost all the community. Post-harvest handling of peanuts especially at the stage of the marketing needs to be done properly, because improper treatment can lead to contamination by fungi. As a result, it can reduce the quantity and quality of the product and can endanger the health of consumers. This study aims to determine the Ozonisation Preservation and Identification of Mold Contamination In Peanuts. Mold was isolated using the direct method (direct method) and dilution. Identification of molds were done macroscopically and microscopically. Identification was done by using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Malt Extract agar (MEA) as selective media. The result of Ozonisation Preservation with 3.5 ppm concentration showed that peanuts that had been exposed with ozone on first day containing the amount of molds lower than on the day 7, 14, 21, and 28. The result of mold identification on peanuts consisted of one genus Aspergillus with predominant isolate was A. flavus as many as 25 colonies. Keywords: peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), ozonation, identification, mold
Inventarisasi Anggrek (Orchidaceae) Epifit di Kawasan Hutan Petungkriyono Pekalongan Jawa Tengah Mika Mardiyana; Murningsih Murningsih; Sri Utami
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 Juli 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Anggrek berdasarkan tempat hidupnya dikelompokkan menjadi dua yaitu anggrek terestrial atau anggrek yang tumbuh diatas permukaan tanah dan anggrek epifit yang hidup menempel pada tumbuhan lain. Keberadaan anggrek epifit lebih banyak ditemukan di alam karena berhubungan dengan pohon inangnya sehingga memudahkan untuk mendapat cahaya matahari.  Anggrek banyak dijumpai di hutan hujan tropis. Salah satu hutan hujan tropis dengan keanekaragaman anggrek yang tinggi adalah Petungkriyono yang dijadikan sebagai kawasan ekowisata. Potensi anggrek di kawasan Hutan Petungkriyono perlu dikaji agar tetap terjaga dan lestari. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 23 Maret – 12 April 2019 di Hutan Petungkriyono Pekalongan Jawa Tengah.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji jenis anggrek epifit di kawasan Hutan Petungkriyono Pekalongan Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membagi wilayah menjadi 3 stasiun berdasarkan ketinggian yang berbeda, yaitu stasiun I (700-900 m dpl), stasiun II (900-1.100 m dpl), stasiun III (1.100-1.300 m dpl). Setiap stasiun dibagi menjadi 3 titik sampling. Setiap titik sampling dibuat 3 plot sebagai ulangan dengan ukuran 10 x 10 m. Hasil penelitian di kawasan Hutan Petungkriyono didapatkan 46 jenis anggrek yang termasuk dalam 22 genus, dua diantaranya adalah anggrek endemik yaitu Malaxis junghuhnii dan Oberonia similis
ETHNOBOTANY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN VUNATUI CLAN OF THE TOLAI SOCIETY IN EAST NEW BRITAIN PROVINCE, PAPUA NEW GUINEA Felicitas Bureng; J Jumari; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Traditional knowledge of medicinal plant use in many regions of Papua New Guinea and the East New Britain Province is poorly described and rapidly disappearing due to some factors like religion and outside influence that may have contributed to the fading away of indigenous knowledge within each ethnic group. The main aim of this  research was to identify some of the plants used as medicinal plants in the Vunatui clan of the Tolai society in East New Britain, PNG and determine the type of disease or conditions being treated by these plants and how the plants are being prepared. The main data of this researched was compiled through consultation and interview with three of the traditional doctors “tena dawai” within the clan who helped to provide the information on plants used as medicine. Although most of the traditional or indigenous knowledge in East New Britain are based on secrecy and must be paid for in some circumstances if one wants to learn or know about it, the medicinal doctors were willing to provide information after they were made aware of the purpose and benefit of this research. There were about 50 species of plants gathered in this research and there is variation shown among the plants. The plants range from herbaceous to vines, shrubs and trees and were found on the coastal areas to mid- mountains of the area of study. Different methods of preparartion were used but the most common method used was infusion. From the methods of applications that were used, oral administration was the most common.Key words: Traditional medicinal plants, Vunatui Clan, tena dawai,

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