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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 234 Documents
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ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER BAKTERI ANTAGONIS TERHADAP Vibrio parahaemolyticus PATOGEN PADA UDANG Litopenaeus vannamei DARI PRODUK PROBIOTIK DAN SEDIMEN MANGROVE DI REMBANG Bunga Fajriani; Anto Budiharjo; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 7 No. 1 Januari 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Shrimp is one of the main commodities in the aquaculture industry because it has high economic value and high demand product. The Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp have the advantage of being able to grow as fast as a tiger shrimp (3 g / wk), can be grown on a wide salinity range (0.5-45 ppt), lower protein requirement (20-35%) than tiger shrimp and stylirostris shrimp. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a normal flora in the brackish waters environment which is pathogenic to shrimp commodities as well as in humans. The use of Probiotics as additional feed in the form of microbial cells intact widely used in shrimp farming as one effort to improve the quality of the environment and supress the growth of pathogenic bacteria. One of the probiotic products used is super PS. This study aims to obtain bacterial isolate probiotic products that can suppress the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria. Isolation is also done on mangrove sediments as a comparable type of bacteria that can suppress the growth of pathogens. Methods used include isolation of bacterial probiotic and mangrove sediments, antagonistic test, and molecular identification with PCR methods (Polymerase Chain Reaction). The isolation result obtained by seven isolate bacteria of probiotic product and eleven isolate of mangrove sediment bacteria. One selected bacterial isolate from isolation of probiotic product that is IP 7 which able to supress the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus with a diameter of clear zone 10.84 mm. The results of identification using the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that IP 7 isolate had a similarity index of 92% with Lysinibacilllus cresolivorans.Keyword : Litopenaeus vannamei, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, probiotics, antibacterial, gen 16S rRNA.
Produksi dan Kestabilan Pigmen Merah Kapang Monascus sp. Menggunakan Media Tepung Kulit Singkong dengan Penambahan Bekatul pada Konsentrasi yang Berbeda Sona Fatimah; Agung Suprihadi; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 4 Oktober 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The used of synthetic dyes have a various of negative effects on human health. Pigment produced by Monascus sp. can be used as an alternative natural coloring food. The purpose of this research is to produce pigment Monascus sp. using the substrate cassava peels flour with the addition of rice bran at various concentrations. The study was conducted by growing Monascus sp. on medium cassava peels flour with the addition of rice  bran in various concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%). Measured parameter is the production of red pigment and pigment stability against temperature, water content, solubility and pH. Red pigment production was measured using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 500 nm. Analysis of the data using One Way ANOVA and Duncan test. The results showed that the highest production of red pigment (5.6 CVU / gds) and water content of 47% was obtained on medium cassava peels flour with rice bran addition of 10%. Pigment stability towards heat are 0,39 at 300C, 0,35 at 600C, 0,27 at 1210C, and 0,22 at 1500C , stability pH 3 are 0,37 (0 hours incubation) dan 0,26 (12 hours incubation) whereas pH 7 are 0,38 (0 hours incubation) dan 0,36 (12 hours incubation).Keywords: Fermentation,Cassava peels flour, Rice bran, Monascus, Pigment intensity, stability
DAYA AKUMULASI LOGAM BERAT TEMBAGA (Cu) PADA AKAR DAN DAUN Avicennia marina (Forsk.) BERDASARKAN FASE PERTUMBUHAN YANG BERBEDA DI PANTAI MANGKANG SEMARANG Ahmad Fadhli Jundana; Endah Dwi Hastuti; Rini Budi Hastuti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 Juli 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Distribution of heavy metals in coastal areas need to know as an early indication of pollution. One type of metal that was widely used in household and industrial activity is copper (Cu). Some pollutants were wasted on the ground will have accumulated in coastal areas, including in the mangrove ecosystem. The research aims to determine the accumulated rate Cu in roots and leaves of Avicennia marina by different growth phases. It was conducted in mangrove ecosystems Mangkang, Semarang. The research design was factorial completely randomized design 2 x 3, the first factor were organs (roots and leaves) and the second factor were phase (Seedling, Sapling and Trees) with twice of  sampling in a 30-day period, the data were analyzed by Analyzed of Variates (ANOVA). Parameter of the research were Cu metal content in the roots and leaves of mangrove, as well as water and sediment. The results showed that the levels of Cu in sediments and aquatic environments of Avicennia marina rangely 2.989-7.026 mg/kg and 0.186-1.676 mg/l, there was an interaction between the growth phase and organs Avicennia marina in accumulating Cu with a probability of 0.006 (< 0.05), the highest interaction was the tree phase and root organ section (0.126) and the lowest was the seedling phase and leaf organ (0.020). The highest of Biological Concentration Factor (BCF) value was tree phase and root organ (92.9- 46.2) and the lowest was the seedling phase and leaf organ (17.2-14.7). The highest of Distribution Coefficient (DC) value was found in seedling phase environment (726.3-1887.7) and the lowest was found in sapling phase environment (493.2-603.4).Key Words : Accumulation, Avicennia marina (forks.), Heavy Metal Cu, Biological Concentration Factor, Distribution Coefficient
DAYA ANTIBAKTERI BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI MINYAK ATSIRI RIMPANG TEMU HITAM (Curcuma aeruginosa roxb.) TERHADAP Bacillus subtilis DAN Staphylooccus aureus SECARA IN VITRO Khodijah Baharun; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Arina Tri Lunggani; Enny Fachriyah
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa has essential oils compounds and has been used traditionally to help for nourish the skin, asthma, appetite enhancer, and as anthelmintik. Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus are gram positive bacteria that can cause skin disorder such allergic and acne. The aim of this research was to know antibacterial capacity of essential oils from C. aeruginosa in various concentrations against B.subtilis and S.aureus using disc diffusion method. This research was conducted using RAL design (Completely Randomized Design) with concentration of essential oils as a treatment, i.e. 25, 50, 75, and 100% (pure extract without dilution). The result showed that essential oils of C. aeruginosa has antibacterial capacity for both bacteria with different effect depending on the concentrations tested. Essential oils of C. aeruginosa with 100% concentration showed the highest antibacterial capacity against   S. aureus, whereas all concentrations of essential oils from  C. aeruginosa showed weak antibacterial capacity against B. subtilis. Keyword : Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., distillation, essential oils, antibacterial, S.aureus, B.subtilis
AKTIVITAS ANTAGONISTIK KAPANG ENDOFIT DUWET (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) TERHADAP Alternaria porri PENYEBAB BERCAK UNGU PADA BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) SECARA IN-VITRO Ristia Rachmatunnisa; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Sri pujiyanto
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 1 Januari 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Endophytic fungi has been capable in producing secondary metabolites similar to those produced by its host. Secondary metabolites in some parts of duwet tree showed an antifungal activity. The aims of this study were to determine the ability of duwet endophytic fungi in inhibiting A. porri fungus, a pathogenic agent for  purple blotch disease on onion. The experiment conducted using CRD with eight endophytic fungi isolates as treatment with three replications. Antagonistic activity observed using dual culture method. The endophytic fungal isolates were conventionally identified to genus level. The results showed that endophytic fungi were identified as five isolates of Penicillium and one isolate of Aspergillus, Fusarium and mycelia sterilia. The antagonistic acitivity of duwet endophytic fungi against A. porri were varied between 18.1% - 47.3%. The highest antagonistic activity showed by Fusarium JD1 (47,3%). Keywords: Alternaria porri, purple blotch, onion disease, antagonistic fungi, endophytic fungi.
Fermentasi Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) Menggunakan Isolat Bakteri Asam Laktat Dari Feces Luwak Dengan Perlakuan Lama Waktu Inkubasi Doni Usman; Agung Suprihadi; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 4 No. 3 Juli 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Coffee is one of Indonesian main corps commodity. Caffeine content of robusta coffee is 1.6%-2.4% higher than arabica coffee that was 0.9-1.2%. Coffee fermentation was one of method to decrease caffeine content. Luwak coffee is coffee that produces by luwak use their digest system in luwak body and defecates as faeces. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exploration from luwak faeces that fed by robusta coffee is one of method to get lactic acid bacteria. This research aimed was lactic acid bacteria isolation from luwak faeces and determine best incubation time on robusta coffee fermentation. Bacteria isolation was resulted 27 isolate. Biochemical test done by Gram Staining Test, Catalase Test, Motility Test, and Acid Producing Test and resulted 13 LAB isolate. Characterization test done to all of LAB isolate and resulted best 3 isolate. Isolate M6 was xylanolitic potency, M8 was Proteolytic potentcy and m16 was cellulolytic potency. Robusta coffee fermentation done used mixed of M8, M6 and M16 as inoculum. This research use Complete Random Design (RAL), the treatment was fermentation time 8 hour (D1), 16 hour (D2) and 24 hour (D3), each treatment replays 3 times. Kontrol of this fermentation is robusta coffee without fermentation treatment (control 1) and luwak robusta coffee  (control 2). Data analysed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) continuing by Duncan Test with significance rate was 95%. This research result shown that fermentation time duration was cause decrease of caffein content, coffee beans weight and fermentation fluid pH. Highest caffeine content on D1 was 0.95%, and D3 was 0.72 %.Keyword: Luwak faeces, lactic acid bacteria, gram staining, fermentation, exploration
PENGARUH BERAT MEDIA DAN JUMLAH BIBIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) DI DALAM POLYBAG Ulfah Ghina Fathiyyah; Munifatul Izzati; Sri Haryanti
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 4 Oktober 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L) are one of the plants that become source of carbohydrates that help strengthening food. Potatoes are an annual crop that are not environmentally friendly because the potatoes can accelerate the rate of erosion. Therefore, a cultivation method is needed in polybag. Planting in polybag need to know the weight of media and seeds number for growth and production of potatoes running optimally. The purpose of this study is examine potato cultivation in polybag to improving potato growth and production. Parameters observed were plant height, wet weight of potato, tuber number, tuber weight and tuber weight/polybag. The treatments were given are media weight (V7: 7kg and V10: 10 kg) planting potatoes in land as a control and number of seeds (2 grains: 3grains and 4grains). The treatment in this research do with factorial completely randomized design in 9 different treatment and 3 repeat. Data was analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level and continued with the test of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result showed that the interaction between media weight and number of seeds had significant effect on wet weight of plant. but media weight factor treatment had significant effect on plant height, wet weight of plant, tuber number and tuber weight . The optimal result is weight media 10 kg with 2 seeds number. The weight treatment of 10kg media with the number seeds of 2 resulted in the maximum growth and production.. Keywords: Potatoes, polybag, media weight, seeds number.
BIOPROSPEKSI RHIZOBAKTERI PENGHASIL IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) DARI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea maysL.) DI AREA PERTANIAN SEMI ORGANIK DESA BATURKEC. GETASAN KAB. SEMARANG Khoirul Huda; Anto Budiharjo; Budi Raharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 3 No. 3 Juli 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Microorganisms in nature have a rich diversity and have an important role in human lives, especially in agriculture. Some types of bacteria live in the area of plant roots called rhizobacteria. Some rhizobacteria has the ability to stimulate the growth of crops such as produce IAA (Indole Acetic Acid). This study aims to find rhizobacteria in maize (Zea mays L.) which has the ability to produce IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) that can be used as a reference in rhizobacteria resource utilization to increase agricultural production in a sustainable and environmentally friendly.This study was conducted with bacterial isolation, characterization of bacterial isolates in colony and cell morphology, The test of rhizobacteria’s ability to produce IAA (Indole Acetic Acid), the molecular identification of the isolates were able to produce IAA rhizobacteria and confirmatory tests. The results of isolation obtained seventeen isolates of rhizobacteria where there is a one of isolate (J.6) is able to produce 20.5 ppm IAA in TSB (Tryptic Soy Broth) supplemented with 100 ppm of L-tryptophan. The Result of the molecular identification show that isolate which has the ability to produce IAA has 97% similarity with Bacillus safensis Strain A-2. Isolate “J.6” have the same characteristic features with Bacillus safensis. They are a gram-positive, rod-shaped, capable of forming endospores, motile, catalase positive, capable of fermenting glucose and hydrolyzing a starch. Key word : Rhizobacteria, Indole Acetic Acid, Bacillus safensis Strain A-2
Uji Antagonisme Jamur Patogen Fusarium solani Penyebab Penyakit Layu pada Tanaman Cabai dengan Menggunakan Beauveria bassiana Secara In Vitro Nurul Halwiyah; Rejeki Siti fe; Budi Raharjo; Susiana Purwantisari
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 Juli 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Beauveria bassiana merupakan jamur patogen serangga yang bersifat menguntungkan karena mempunyai sifat antagonis terhadap jamur patogen Fusarium solani penyebab penyakit layu pada tanaman. Mekanisme pengendalian dengan penggunaan jamur B. bassiana berpotensi mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen tanaman, hal ini menjadi keunggulan tersendiri bagi jamur Beauveria bassiana sebagai agen pengendali hayati. Pemanfaatan Beauveria bassiana sebagai agen pengendali hayati terhadap jamur patogen Fusarium solani merupakan salah satu alternatif penting untuk mengendalikan jamur patogen tersebut tanpa menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya hambat dan mekanisme jamur B. bassiana terhadap jamur F. solani secara in vitro dengan uji antagonisme. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik yang dilakukan dengan 3 perlakuan. Perlakuan I yaitu kontrol positif (nistatin), perlakuan II yaitu B. bassiana, dan perlakuan III adalah kontrol negatif (akuades steril). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pengukuran daya hambat (%) dan laju pertumbuhan koloni jamur (cm) dilakukan selama tujuh hari. Data pengukuran tersebut dianalisis melalui uji ANOVA. Uji antagonisme secara in vitro menunjukkan bahwa B. bassiana mempunyai kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen F. solani dengan nilai persentase daya hambat 29,19 % melalui mekanisme antagonisme yaitu antibiosis.
ISOLASI BAKTERIOFAG Salmonella spp. dari BIOFILM pada SISTEM AIR MINUM ISI ULANG Rahayu Damayanti; Siti Nur Jannah; w wijanarka; Sri Hartin Rahaju
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 5 No. 2 April 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The public demands for the refill drinking water increases causing the development of refill drinking water industries. However, the problems occurred is no standard method to process drinking water with sterile and lack of government oversight. These cases give rise to sanitation which is the formation of bacteria pathogen forming biofilms in refill drinking water system. One of the bacteria pathogens is Salmonella. Salmonella in refill drinking water can cause diarrhea, because it can produce cytotoxin and enterotoxin. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. This study aims to find natural isolates of bacteriophage from biofilm samples to infect Salmonella spp. in refill drinking water system. The isolates obtained is then characterized by biochemical test including Gram stain, a test Kligler Iron Agar (KIA) and api assay 20 E. The positive Salmonella spp. isolates are in the second dilution refill drinking water depot. The isolation of bacteriophage from biofilm is conducted with bacteriophages amplification and bacteriophage filtrate. The Infection test is performed by using Salmonella enterica, Salmonella 7A1 from Teluk Ambon and Salmonella spp. from refill drinking water depot. Platting is performed on serial dilutions of 10-2 to 10-10phage dilution. Positive result is characterized by the formation of plaque which is in source water samples, water product and drinking water depot. The number of plaques formed is calculated by Plaque Forming Units (PFU/mL) to determine quantification or calculation phages.

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